Summary: Discrimination Against Russian Jews

The Romanov Dynasty that ruled Russia from 1613 until 1918 was subject to the period seismic shifts of increasing connection, modernization, and technological advancement that shook the rest of Europe during the same timeframe. The Tsars of this dynasty faced this challenge directly through foreign military conquests and economic and political reformation, yet a distinctive foundational element stayed true throughout their reign. Tsars of Russia consistently used a reverence for Orthodoxy to establish a continued persecution of minority religious groups within their control. The Jews bore the brunt of this persecution as they experienced strict laws governing their rights and constant threats of violence. Tsars throughout the Romanov history acted to strengthen their Orthodoxy by punishing the Jewish population in order to drum up support for their own regimes and domestic and foreign policies.

Racial antisemitism was born in the Nineteenth Century when laws were passed in many European countries posing the Jewish people as second-class citizens, not receiving the same rights as others in society. While they had reached a level of religious emancipation in some countries, Judaism had become recognized as an ethnicity as well, and this ethnic difference from the Aryans therefore made them “inferior.” Pogroms began across Eastern Europe in the late 1800’s which resulted in

In life, there is a common ground on which most every person can relate. At one time or another, we have all been promoters of or victims of the unremitting nature of stereotypes. According to the Webster’s dictionary, a stereotype is defined as “a simplified and standardized conception or image invested with special meaning and held in common by members of a group.” Most stereotypes take on a negative form and are based on characteristics such as age, gender, race, status, and personal beliefs. Generally speaking, the greatest problem that arises with stereotypes is that they judge group of people by the characteristics and actions of their ancestors, rather than on an individual basis. More often than not, these assumptions will

The Holocaust was an terrible event that happened from 1933 to 1945. Approximately eleven million people were killed by the Nazis. A genocidal policy was passed by Adolf Hitler after he became the leader of Germany in 1933. His goal was to get rid of all the Jews in Europe and those who are considered in his "undesirable" list. As countries such as Italy, Japan, and Austria units with Germany and became the Axis Powers, they started invading and taking over other countries around them in Europe. I believe there are reasons that can explain why we still study about the Holocaust today.

The Holocaust can be described with a number of words. The words that come to mind when I think about the Holocaust would be the discrimination towards many groups of people, hatred against these groups of people, and the forgiveness if any was forgave to the Nazis for the horrendous things they did to such innocent people.

Jews are a standout amongst the most stereotyped religious social orders ever, with the media every now and again utilizing negative pictures at whatever point they write about Judaism and the Jewish race. History demonstrates that Jews were constrained from their country and turned into an itinerant individuals, spreading all through Europe. Regarded as untouchables in Europe, local people were suspicious of the Jews and made numerous myths and pessimistic generalizations about them which are propagated today. Numerous limitations on callings were put on the Jewish individuals in the medieval times. The Catholic Church and numerous Christians accepted that loaning cash for premium was a wrongdoing and was prohibited. This pushed Jews into cash giving and rent gathering sort occupations which the congregation saw as second rate. This prompted the generalization that Jews are ravenous, shabby, mean and even degenerate.

The history of Jews in host cities often depict a story of success or of failure when it comes to relations between the Jews and the Christians in Europe. Historian Jonathan Elukin, author of Living Together, Living Apart, presents the integration as a success process with rare, and special cases, of failure. On the other side of the spectrum is historian Raymond P. Scheindlin. Scheindlin’s novel, A Short History of the Jewish People, presents many cases of integration between the Christians and Jews that led to massacres and brutal endings for the Jewish community. There are many monumental events that take place during the long span of time that oversees European Jewish history, and both historians study and evaluate the events, however, they do so through different lenses.

Every religious group has suffered a time when their religion was not considered to be popular or right. Out of all of these religious groups that have suffered, no one group has suffered so much as that of the Jewish religion. They have been exiled from almost every country that they have ever inhabited, beginning with Israel, and leading all the was up to Germany, France, Spain, England, and Russia. Not only have they been exiled but also they have suffered through torture, punishment, and murder. Thus, because of the history of the religion, the Jewish people have become a very resilient people. They have survived thousands of years carrying their religion with them from one country to

The Holocaust was one of the twentieth century's greatest tragedies that were made possible by anti-Semitism, the indifference of other nations, isolationism politics, and outright fear.

After World War II, the genocide of Jews by the Germans across German-occupied territory was on everyone’s minds. Although it was a horrible event in recent history, the Holocaust was not the only genocide of that period. Joseph Stalin ordered 400,000 Chechens and Ingush to be deported to Siberia and central Asia to be put into labor camps on February 23, 1944 (“Greetings from Grozny”). The genocide of the Chechen population has been a terrible event and other genocides around the world should be stopped by efforts of individuals and the United States government.

Anti-Semitism in Europe did not begin with Adolf Hitler. Though use of the term itself

Firstly, the Jews in Europe organized a Jewish military league to resist the Nazi brutality. In Vilna, the first organized Jewish armed resistance arose from the youth movements. After the invasion of the Soviet Union is 1941, two-thirds of the Jewish population of Vilna were deported by the Nazis (“Jewish Combat Organization.”). Those who survived warned the other Jews of the ordeal awaiting them, which paved the way for the “First Manifesto”. This document called out for Jewish resistance and was written by Abba Kovner, a future leader of the ghetto fighters in Vilna. The manifesto was directed at the Jews of Vilna and the youth movements, and explained the fate of the ghetto deportees (that they were all killed), Hitler’s plot to “destroy all the Jews of Europe”, and called for Jewish resistance. This manifesto was significant, as it was the first call for the Jews to arm themselves and resist the Nazis. Not soon after,

Homophobia is transporting Russia back in time to the late 1800s and early 1900s—the epoch of the racial issues in America. With several gay rights being legalized, it seemed that Russia had begun to accept the LGBT community into their society. But the violent and repressive actions towards gay people and their supporters have proved that Russia is not becoming any more tolerant of gays. It is unsure if Russians even view gays as humans. The present status of the Russian homophobia problem is starting to spiral out of control. Given Russia’s oscillating history with the LGBT community, it’s nearly impossible to predict whether or not Russia will accept or kill the gay people. Based on the current situation, it seems like the former will

They were suffering under an asinine government and they took every opportunity to criticise it. The middle-classes were extremely unstable at this point in Russia but they were not ready for revolution. The stability of the government was erratic. It had a very narrow support base this was mainly due to that fact that it was willing to use extreme force and it sent out very anti-Semitic messages, which made it unpopular.

How can one not help to think of the Holocaust during this time of unease in the Ukraine, Jews were clearly targeted there. Leaflets were distributed to Ukrainian Jews which is reminiscent of the Holocaust. These leaflets stated that Jews were to report their belongings and pay a fee of $50 or risk their citizenship. Where the leaflets all a ploy to stir up controversy? Some believe so. The Chief Rabbi of Ukraine gave an interview stating “I am not going to comment on the origin of this information. The Jewish community does not directly take part in political events. However the Jews as citizens do participate in the process of rebuilding the new Ukraine. Last week the Head of Ukrainian Jewish Congress, Vadim Rabinovich, and I have contacted all Rabbis of all Ukrainian regions and enquired regarding any instances of alleged anti – Semitism. Not one Rabbi reported anything out of the ordinary. There is no anti-Semitism in Ukraine, as such. However, I believe that groups interested in promoting such beliefs could find a way provoke and support such thoughts. I therefore address everyone, there is common grief and Ukraine must be rebuilt from the ruins. It is our common problem and goal. Let us not exaggerate and focus on the Jewish or anti-Semite subject.” Translated by A Vavrina. There are so many differing point of views which leave the issues very cloudy indeed. Evelina Zakamskaya, a presenter on state owned news 24 made comments while speaking to Alexsandr Prokhanov,