Drama often generates levels of meaning that are not directly stated (sometimes called sub-text). Explore some examples of the presence of sub-text and its dramatic importance in at least two of the plays you have studied. (May 2014) The presence of subtext is the hidden unspoken intention behind a character’s words and actions. It is the playwright’s intention for a play. Much can be gathered from the implications shown throughout a play, including reflections of any socio-political or cultural concerns the dramatist has. The dramatic importance of subtext is reinforced through thematic elements, and the use of symbolism shown through contrasting characters. This essay will explore these techniques, providing specific examples through a …show more content…
Williams and Miller both have within their respective plays, insinuated with the presence of subtext something larger than their plays. Williams’s play is a tragedy, and one of quietude. He once expressed that “Glass Menagerie is my first quiet play, and perhaps my last.” It is a play of profound sadness, and through relationships between characters, portrays the “cries of the heart.” There is no cry more powerful that the cry and inner desperation of the heart. Williams’s has very little social context, but rather focuses on the conflicts within a domestic family. Such a focus is powerful, and the playwright expresses this power and importance implicitly through the estranged relationship between Amanda and Tom Wingfield. Amanda and Tom share a familial relationship of mother and son. Williams depicts Amanda at first interpretation as overbearing, hypercritical and controlling. However, on further assessment, the audience is able to acknowledge a more admirable facet to her character: her evident persistence in trying to love her children. Through her attempts in perpetuating her youth and past glory, she distorts reality to fit her …show more content…
The presence of subtext indicates a real socio-historical event. Throughout the 1940s and 1950’s America was overwhelmed with concerns about the threat of communism growing in Eastern Europe and China. Capitalizing on those concerns, a Senator named Joseph McCarthy made a public accusation that more than two hundred communists had infiltrated the United States government. McCarthy’s accusations heightened the political tensions of the times and although eventually proved untrue, the paranoid hunt for infiltrators is echoed throughout the play. The play resonated the political ideological idea and regime of viewing people with independent ideas with suspicion and as a threat. These people were hunt down, put on trial, prosecuted and possibly killed. Miller uses the characters of Proctor and Danforth to symbolizes an individual’s conflict against authority. Danforth is portrayed as the spokesperson for the institution and prides himself on being the ultimate authority in the court. When he voices, “A person is either with this court or he must be counted against it” he is an indicating that someone either wholeheartedly agrees with his judgments or is against him, and therefore, an enemy of the court. Although Danforth most probably does want to defend and uphold the law, he is also selfish. All throughout the play, he comes across as a character with integrity that
In the play the audience is also told in so many words that there has
The overall dramatic meaning of this play has been successfully shown by the elements of drama. The
The subjects in the plays tend to incorporate a double meaning with exaggerations, verbal plays, and imitating accents. The cartoons on TV do the same thing. Often time through the use of satire and irony they create a strong message or a double meaning.
Amanda, like any mother, wants Laura to be happy. She goes as far as to have Tom invite a gentleman caller over to meet Laura. When Laura says that there would be no gentleman callers, Amanda tries to create a sense of optimism by replying “Not one gentleman caller? It can’t be true! There must be a flood, there must have been a tornado!” The audience can see that Amanda is desperately trying to keep her daughter in high hopes. In another case, Amanda also shows she cares for Tom, her son. Though Amanda fears that he will turn out like his father, she tries to make connections with him. “I know your ambitions do not lie in the warehouse, that like everybody in the whole wide world- you’ve had to make sacrifices… There’s so many things in my heart that I cannot describe to you.” Even as Amanda nags her children, she loves them unconditionally. In her attempt to create a perfect world, she never forgets to care for her children.
It seemed as though Sam Gold was peeling an artichoke while writing the script and accidently peeled off the aesthetically pleasing parts of the play. Oops! Those who are familiar with Williams' work know how specific he was about the set. However, Sam Gold didn’t seem to notice that and wiped away about three fourths of Williams’ descriptions. Don’t get the wrong impression though, Gold’s interpretation was still a story about a damaged single parent family that was at the edge of its harmonious existence with a annoying needy mother, crippled daughter who can’t receive any “gentlemen callers” and a forever romantic son who is trying to break free of all this mess. Yet, it didn’t feel like Williams’ play it had “Gold” written all over it. With his innovative and experimental outlook, this play lacked Williams’ thought and feeling. Although this play did have one very nice and romantic touch which was when the rain started falling on stage while the music was playing. It was very refreshing, like a breath of fresh air on a calm sunny day when everything is serene and you forget about all your problems for a second, allowing yourself to enjoy the tranquil moment of rapidly growing happiness in your
Amanda still has faith that she can form her children into thriving people in the society by harassing them constantly. She would always wake her son up by cheerfully saying “Rise and Shine!”. Tom hated this. Amanda continually analyzed Tom for smoking, drinking, staying out late, his love of adventure in the movies and even could not even eat correctly. She compared him to his dad and the way he had left their family, and she put all the pressure on Tom to work doing a job he did not love just to support her and Laura. His mom even blamed Tom for bringing the gentleman
In the play The Glass Menagerie, written by Tennessee Williams, a realism style drama is still being performed 50 years after its debut in New York. The plotline and title both center on Laura Wingfield’s glass menagerie collection. William’s used glass as a tool to represent fragility, both of individuals and of the Wingfield family. The evidence regarding importance of the glass menagerie is found in the fact that Tennessee Williams names the play after it. Through the title, individual characterization, and family dynamic, Williams intertwines the theme of fragility to tell the tale of the Wingfield family equating them to glass, which is both beautiful and fragile like all people.
The Glass Menagerie is a family drama play that was written by Tennessee Williams in 1941-1943. It is an explicit tragedy that introduces us to a dysfunctional family of three: mother Amanda, her son Tom and daughter Laura. It is partially based on Williams own memories from the past. The Glass Menagerie narrator and protagonist is a young man Tom Winfield. He tells the story about Wingfield's family members that are going through there own struggles, failing to connect and support each other in their hardships. Aside from there personal struggles, all characters consciously made a decision to live in detachment from reality, choosing there illusive and falsely convenient perception of the world.
The Glass Menagerie is a play written by Tennessee Williams. It is mainly about three characters: Tom Wingfield, the narrator; Amanda Wingfield, Tom’s mother; and Laura Wingfield, Tom’s sister. The family is supported by both Tom and Amanda, working at a shoemaking warehouse and selling magazine subscriptions respectively. However, with some things unable to work, Amanda wants Laura to have a man to support both of them, but there are some things that are restraining her from doing so, such as Laura’s disposition. Tom brings a man named Jim O’Connor to satisfy Amanda’s wants, but this, too, does not work out. The Wingfields are all stuck in their own illusions in some way, and Jim is the only escape, coming from the real world. The Glass Menagerie explores many things in the aspects of a dysfunctional family, using contrasts between fantasy and reality.
The Glass Menagerie is a “memory play” written by Tennessee Williams. A play that bears many strikingly close resemblances to his own life growing up (Williams). One critic, Presley, describes the play as being “set in a bleak period of American history, it provides insight into the ways different members of a family cope with forces of change” (8). The characters that we see coping with life are family members which consists of the mother Amanda and her two children the writer Tom and shy, crippled Laura. The Glass Menagerie is a play in which each of the characters have their own ways of dealing with, and also denying reality; therefore, they individually live in their own fantasy world and the
In the 1945 play, The Glass Menagerie, American author Tennessee Williams depicts the endeavours that the protagonist and narrator, Tom Wingfield, his mother Amanda and sister Laura face when living within a patriarchal society. When analysed from a gendered and psychoanalytical consideration, the play explores the restrictions and innermost emotions of individuals, reflecting Williams' interpretation of living within the 1930s American civilisation. Adopting the play from a gendered lens demonstrates the limitations placed upon men and women, as a result of acquired traditional gender roles. Comparably, through a psychoanalytic reading, Williams demonstrates the desire of escaping reality and abandonment; what is seen as imprisonment, and the
The Glass Menagerie, a play written by Tennessee Williams, is in a play full of emotion. The writer envelopes his audience in a cloud of feelings, as he describes the lives of a family who faces poverty and diversity each day of their lives( Williams 2013.) This play is situated in a little, poor loft. The play happens inside the parlor and dining room of the loft. In the Glass Menagerie, the play focuses itself on four characters.These four characters include: Amanda Wingfield, (the mother) and a ladies of a confusing nature; Laura Wingfield, (the little girl) who is injuried from a childhood sickness, and Tom Wingfield, (the more seasoned child) who feels caught and is searching for away out of the life he is living and Jim (Tom 's companion ) who is lost in the past when he was a star football player. Williams ' characters are unequipped for living in this present reality. Amanda Wingfield uses sticking to her recollections to escape from reality. She is from the old south. Her old molded method for living keeps her fantasizing about when she used to go on McGuire 2rides to the ball with her noble men guests. She stresses so much because she settled on terrible decisions in her own particular life. Amanda is fantasizing at whatever point she needs to escape from the truth that she is poor and is not going anyplace. She describes stories of ballsand moves, church socials and noble man guests. She continues reminding herself, and everybody inthe room, that she was well
Throughout the play, Williams uses numerous metaphors and symbols that create a connection between him and his characters. The first indication of similarities between Williams’ life and his play is the setting itself. Williams chose to set the play in a place he was all too familiar with, St. Louise. Williams portrays his frustrations through each character differently. From the very beginning, each character is trapped in his or her own way. The son is trapped in a role that he no longer wants any part in, the daughter is trapped behind her slight
“The Glass Menagerie” is a riveting play by Tennessee Williams that takes place in 1930’s St. Lois. This play is unique in the manner that it is a memory play. The narrator, Tom Wingfield, is also one of the main characters. Tom is the son to Amanda Wingfield, and the brother to Laura Wingfield. Toms father, whom is referred to as Mr. Wingfield, left his family and has only sent one postcard from Mexico since his desertion. Although Mr. Wingfield deserted his family his picture still remains on the living room wall of the families lower middle class apartment.
Interpretation, Emphasis and Creative Vision. The key ideas, problems, conflicts, or features you wish to emphasize in your reading of the play. What big questions are to you especially timely, compelling, or important? What is important in the play that you want to communicate? What is your creative vision? Not to exceed 1000 words. (currently have 700)