Stimulant Circulatory System

1.The fluid surrounding tissue cells is called? interstitial fluid.2.What are the functions performed by the circulatory system?-The circulatory system supplies oxygen and nutrients to our body by working with the respiratory system.- It also helps carry waste and carbon dioxide out of the body3.What is the fluid type that holds many of the human body fluids? Intracellular fluid4. Name fluids that are nearly identical in content except for proteins. Plasma and interstitial fluids.5.What function of blood is most critical to life on a second to second basis? Blood Regulation6.What fluid has the highest concentration of proteins? Intracellular fluids7.What is the most prevalent positive ion in interstitial fluids? Sodium8.What is the principal

This experiment was designed to introduce students to the laboratory equipment and methods by subjecting a Daphnia to several environmental and/or chemical strains and evaluating the effect on the creature’s heart rate.

If Nurse Hathaway gave a patient suffering from dehydration distilled water, she was setting him up to die. According to the basic rules of osmosis, “water chases the solutes”, meaning the water is going to diffuse into areas with more solutes than where it is now. Usually patients who are being treated of dehydration are given a saline solution where there is about the same number of solutes in both the solution and inside the cells so there isn’t any drastic water movement into or out of the cell. Distilled water is completely free of all solutes, so when Nurse Hathaway gave this patient distilled water, she was giving him a solution that has a solute concentration that was much less that what is inside of the person’s cells. This would be referred to as a hypotonic reaction, where the water would end up chasing the solutes into the cell and making the cells fill with water. After a while, the water would rush into all of the cells in this patient and make them grow so large until they burst. This is a major problem that is hard to reverse, even if she would have caught it early, because the amount of liquids they use to restore a person in dehydration is very high. Sooner or later all of his cells would start burst and not function anymore, which will make his body start to shut down. Specifically, red blood cells are found in a

This lab was performed to examine the function of the heart in frogs and observe the effects of temperature, hormones and blocking agents on autonomic control. It was found that when the heart was bathed with cold saline, the mean amplitude of heart contraction decreased by 35%, and the mean heart rate decreased by 34% when compared to the amplitude and heart rate with warm saline. When varying concentrations of acetylcholine were put on the heart, there was very little change in the amplitude of heart contraction. Similarly, there was very little change in heart rate when using concentrations of 10-8 to 10-5 M of acetylcholine, but heart rate dropped 20% from 10-5 to 10-4. When d-tubocurarine was used as a blocking agent, heart rate increased 31%. Similar results were found when using adrenaline on the heart. There was very little change in amplitude of heart contraction, but there was a 15% increase in heart rate from 10-5M to 10-4M, with little fluctuations between 10-8M and 10-5M. When propranolol was applied, mean heart rate decreased by 11%.

Tim Taylor, 2012) has argued that cardiovascular system referred to as the circulatory system, is composed of blood within the blood vessels and heart. The function of the heart is pumping the blood through the blood vessels of the body.

The cardiovascular system is a piece of the more extended circulatory system, which circles liquids all through the body .The circulatory system incorporates both the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic the system. The cardiovascular system moves blood all through the body and the lymphatic system moves lymph. Which is a reasonable liquid that is like the plasma in blood?

The earthworm has a closed circulatory system. Which means that it has the blood closed at all times within the vessels. Three main vessels supply the blood to the organs. These organs are ventral blood vessels, dorsal blood vessels, and aortic arches. The ventral blood vessels carry blood to the worm’s body. Dorsal blood vessels carry blood to front of the worm. Kind of like a human heart, the aortic arches pump blood into the dorsal and ventral blood vessels.

I am the Bob the heart. I am located just behind and slightly left of the breastbone. The system that works with me is the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transports nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones and blood cells. The circulatory system also helps forming cells in the body to nourish it and help fight diseases.

             The Cardiovascular system actually have two different systems, the cardio system which refers to the heart and the vascular system which refers to the blood. So when talking about the cardiovascular system we are talking about the heart pumping blood around the body.

The circulatory/blood system contains erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and platelets. It also contains plasma, bone marrow, the spleen, and the thymus. The main function of the erythrocytes (red blood cells) is to carry oxygen throughout the body. The main function of the leukocytes (white blood cells) is to fight infection. Platelets are also known as megakaryocytes. Platelets are mostly needed for the clotting process. Erythrocytes have about five million red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Leukocytes have about four thousand eight hundred to ten thousand eight hundred white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood. We have more red blood cells than we do white blood cells. Platelets have about one

Chest pain is a symptom that can represent several different diseases from different organ systems. It is essential to determine which system is responsible for the pain and state the severity of the patient’s condition (Longo et al., 2011). When considering pain, there are eleven different criteria one must consider and evaluate. These include the duration of the pain, onset, localization, irradiation, character, intensity, alleviating factors, aggravating factors, triggering factors, regularity and accompanying signs (Longo et al., 2011). These are all useful in determining the etiology of the pain and taking the appropriate therapeutic steps. The causes of chest pain are divided into

The pulmonary circulation is the circuit where deoxygenated blood travels away from the heart through pulmonary artery, through the lungs to become oxygenated, and back towards the heart through the pulmonary veins. The air sacs within the lungs called alveoli provide the surface area for gas exchange. Gas exchange occurs due to the pressure gradients between the alveoli of the lungs and the capillaries within the alveoli

addition, this article makes us to understand that the circulatory system comprises of various organs and vessels which plays a pivotal role in the flow of blood, hormones, nutrients, oxygen as well as gases that enters and leave the cells. More so, this article also bring to our awareness the fact that, the circulatory system comprises of three separate or independent systems that work together. These three independent systems consist of the heart ( cardiovascular), the lungs (pulmonary) and arteries, veins, coronary and portal vessels. With the cardiovascular component consisting of the heart, blood as well as blood vessels. In addition, it has a lop through the lungs whereby, blood is been oxygenated. Furthermore, the systemic circulation is also incorporated and runs through the rest of the human body in order to provide oxygenated blood. More so, this article brings to our awareness the fact that oxygen depleted blood is been send away

Redox signalling is an electron transfer process that is crucial in biological systems. Redox signalling is found in many physiological and pathological systems within the circulatory system. Redox signalling is usually induced by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can alter the functions of cell processes. Harris,(2012). ROS are radicals that contain one or more unpaired electrons and can be the oxygen radical superoxide or the non-radical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ROS can also contribute to vascular modelling by phenotype modification of the smooth muscle cells, growth and even the death of cells. This shows the need for redox signalling and it has many roles within the body. Harris. (2012). Redox signalling is important as exposure to oxidative stress can cause imbalances that can contribute to infections and toxins. Thiol based redox couples can form independent signals that can regulate any imbalances and are linked to any changes that occur in redox potentials. Harris. (2012). Cysteine is an amino acid and it can undergo oxidative modifications to perform different functions. Cysteine can form cross links to stabilise proteins and it functions as a reversible on/off switch in redox signalling. Paget,(2003). Cysteine is a nucleophile that can react under different conditions, due to the thiol functional group. Conte,et al. (2000). Thiols contain sulphur and hydrogen and this gives them a higher acidity than alcohols. . Redox cysteine thiols

veins to the tissues of the body. These walls do not let out blood but