Additionally, the attainable range of shoulder mobility relative to over-all body size has an impact upon the fore-limb reaching that occurs over the course of a diagonal sequence gait. Squirrel monkeys, which display a more upright limb posture relative to other arboreal quadrupeds, do not have the ability to achieve extensive shoulder mobility (Schmidt 2005; Whitehead and Larson 1994). Compared to Cercopithecids, including rhesus macaques, however, squirrel monkeys possess an increasingly mobile proximal humerus joint, for they must create torque and movement around limited support axes (Nakatsukasa 1994; Schmidt 2005:366). The articular proportions between species (see Appendix IV), however, do not initially appear to reflect that difference in shoulder mobility, for the rhesus macaque specimens possess a greater mass / humeral head surface area compared to the squirrel monkey (see Figure 4). This initial variation reflects Cheng and Scott’s (2000) investigation, which highlighted a larger proximal humerus in terrestrial macaques necessary for the ability to reach forward, to the extent that Cercopthecids are able, and subsequently move the body across a flat surface (Cheng and Scott 2000). There remains, however, the fact that the larger mass / humeral head ratios of the rhesus macaques does not correspond to similarly greater stature proportions (see Figure 6, Table III). In order to explain that difference, it is useful to examine the stature / humeral head
The capuchin monkey is a New World monkey that belongs in the subfamily Cebinae. An adult capuchin monkey can grow anywhere between 12.6 to 22 inches in height excluding the tail, which can be anywhere from 15 to 22 inches in length. On average a capuchin monkey will have a body mass ranging from 2.4 to 7.3 pounds. Like all new world monkeys, the capuchin monkey has a 2:1:3:3 dental formulas which indicates that it has two incisors, one canine three premolars and three molars. Interestingly, the brain size of a capuchin monkeys is slightly larger than that of other new world monkeys. On average, male’s heads are larger than females, in fact they are 34% larger in body size and have canines that are 22% sharper than females . Capuchin monkeys
According to the data collected, the Intermembral index for each of the six primates observed from highest to lowest is: Gibbon (127), Howler monkey (102), Baboon (94), Macaque (89), Marmoset (74), Human (69). From this grouping, the Gibbon is the primate whose IM at 127 is the highest percentage, and this indicates that their upper limbs are significantly longer than their lower limbs. In contrast, the Human, with an IM of only 69 serves as the lowest percentage of the examples given, and this instead serves to demonstrate that their upper limbs are shorter than their lower limbs. This difference in limb length between the Gibbon and the Human is significant because it helps to show how species are adapted to best fit the environments
The body size grows from 4 inches to 6 inches. Being one of the smallest primates, they comparatively have large hands and feet that
Some other primate attributes consist of: bearing just one offspring per conception, claws developed into leveled fingernails; as well as bigger brain/body ratio compared to some other mammals, and also likelihood to keep body erect.
Primates are one of the most interesting mammals on earth, not only because of their complex social structures, but because they hold so many similar characteristics to humans. Primates are often cited as our closest living relatives and on two separate occasions I observed four separate species of primates at the San Diego Zoo that can justify their use of their physical characteristics and behaviors that may be similar as well as different to the other primates and ours.
I observed a type of Ape known as the Western Lowland Gorilla. The scientific name for a Gorilla is the Gorilla gorilla. Gorillas are the largest of all living primates and at native to west central Africa. Gorillas exhibit sexual dimorphism within their species because males are very obviously much larger than females. The size of the gorillas came across very intimating and gave me an off impression of what this specie was actually going to be like. While observing the gorillas I noticed that these creatures are very slow, lethargic primates. Gorillas move quadrupedally by putting weight down on their arms and knuckles as they walk. They have hands and opposable thumbs, like humans, and are able to grasp things with a better grip. When Gorillas need to reach above themselves such as for leaves or branches they are able to stand on both legs while reaching. While resting Gorillas sit on their bottoms, legs to the side in a similar position that humans do. When resting I noticed that sometimes Gorillas like to take advantage of the moment by self grooming, using their hands. Gorillas usually have an herbivore diet but eat occasional insects. Due to their large body structure it is harder for them move around quickly so they do not need to eat foods that contain as much nutrients and proteins as smaller,
Pagana (2013) describes elevator speeches as brief speeches that sell an idea, promote business or advertise an individual. It’s a pitch that showcases the value of a service, product or individual.
Introduction This first lecture is designed to introduce the primate order in terms of its classification and to familiarise you with the animals so that the rest of the course makes some sort of sense. I will cover a working definition of what makes a primate, give you a general classification scheme, describe the major features that identify the groups within the classification and discuss some of the controversial areas of the classification. I shall treat the taxonomy as a synonym for classification which seems to be its commonest current usage, although you should be aware that some people consider taxonomy to be more about the principles behind the classification than the classification itself.
The animal I have chosen to study is the Japanese macaque, more commonly known as the Japanese snow monkey. Sir David Attenborough recently described the macaque as “one of the most successful and versatile of all primates”, commending its capacity to be “versatile, resilient, enterprising, tough and capable of surviving in extreme conditions”. This essay will continue by examining the Japanese macaque in a number of ways. Firstly, I will describe the physical characteristics of the animal, paying particular attention to the way in which their appearance has adapted to enable them to dominate in their habitat. Secondly, I will discuss the environment in which the macaques live in and the unique capabilities they maximise to develop a
claim is based on a study of the rehus monkey by Dr. Robert Heath in the late
Within this essay, we will study more in depth the behavioral as well as physical traits of two primates at a zoo from their interaction with their peers to their place in the group. This observation would enable us to further understand the possible existing correlation between humans and primates. First, I studied a female chimpanzee with her baby, and then, a dominant male gorilla, in San Francisco Zoo at about noon, on May 23, 2015, for an hour each. Even though they share some similarities such as having a large brain, living for a long time, and being bored in their enclosure, they are still different; when gorillas are the largest, chimpanzees are the smartest. In fact, chimps use tools to catch food, they would not be able to reach
Kavanagh, M. & Morris, D. (1983). Complete guide to monkeys, apes and other primates. London: Viking Press.
Addressing the various mating systems of primates and its relation to sexual size dimorphism and behavior contributes to understanding evolutionary processes and patterns. The different methods of mating are significant to study because they demonstrate the outcomes of natural selection on mate choice. These varying mating methods also aide in understanding the origin of
The United States has fought in many wars throughout the years. The Korean War took place from 1950-1953. It has also been called the forgotten war, as people do not recognize it like the Second World War, the Vietnam War or the Gulf War. This battle consisted of North Korea, South Korea and the United States. It was fought on sea, land and air. The Korean War was a clash between the Communist forces and the free world.
William Shakespeare is considered one of the greatest playwrights of all time. He lived in the 1500s, and throughout his time he has written numerous plays. He was most known for his writing, giving him the name England’s Poet. Shakespeare was a very well known writer, so well known that his legacy still lives on today. William Shakespeare wrote some of the best plays throughout time.