Similarities Between Jones And Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway is among the most unmatched of American authors. In his works, he is often said to focus on gender roles, especially those of men. Hemingway often created characters that showed the characteristics that he believed made a boy into a man. However, these characteristics are not gender-specific, and could very well apply to women as well. This collection of characteristics became the Hemingway Code Hero. The Hemingway Code Hero, more commonly referred to as the Code Hero, was an embodiment of male prowess. Most of Hemingway’s characters failed to live up to this almost impossible standard, however, all of his characters are capable of

The theme in the book Shane, by Jack Schaefer, portrays that true manhood consists not of bravado or status, but of character, honor, and loyalty. The main character is a man named Shane, who rides into a small valley mysteriously at the beginning of the book and takes a position as the aid of a farmer, Joe Starett. When Shane arrives, Joe and the other farmers of the valley are struggling, while the rancher Fletcher is the highest valley authority. The townspeople and Bob, Joe’s son, struggle to discover what make a man honorable and manly. They hold Fletcher and his cowboys as authorities, manly men in a culture that admires this, because of the glamour of their profession. Fletcher’s confidence and bravado, as well as his profession and position, appear to the townspeople to be the epitome of manhood. Bob falls into this easy way of thinking as well; he says that before Shane came into his life his highest aspiration was to become like his father, but his ambition was to first be a cowboy. Bob visualizes himself riding through the country: rough, strong, free, and well-liked. After Shane arrives, Bob starts thinking about true manhood, comparing his father, Shane, Fletcher, and the cowboys. He realizes that manhood is not being like Fletcher, with shows of bravado designed to insult others, but instead is standing up for your family and principles when necessary. Bob also learns that manhood has to do a great deal with character, finding

“He wished that he, too, has a wound, a red badge of courage.” (Crane, 40). The book The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane is about a 16 year old soldier named Henry Fleming, fighting in the the civil war. A union soldier fighting for the north, he is a hero in the story because even though he made some wrong decisions earlier in the war, by the end of the book he was a brave and independent young man. Henry was a hero in the story The Red Badge of Courage because he makes it through battle and does not give up, he grabs the flag when it is about to fall, and matures very quickly while in battle.

When someone is thinking of a man, what do they think? Strong? Brave? That’s what most people think; in reality that is a very false image. In “Bros Before Hos: The Guy Code,” Michael Kimmel, talks about what it means to be a man and what it takes to be a man in today’s world. Men are pressured into what they “should” be. If they don’t follow certain unwritten rules, which include: not asking for directions, not giving up, not showing fear, or any signs of emotional weakness, such as tears; they are considered less than a man, a wimp. A real man must be aggressive and brave, he must defend his territory: status, family, possessions. Men blindly follow the Guy Code, they must comply in order to be part of the pack, to fit in.

In The Red Badge of Courage, Henry shows immaturity by enlisting in the army and being naïve about the war. Henry explains that since he was young, he dreamed about the war of the bloody battles that the soldiers fought in. He thinks fighting in a war will make him a hero and achieve glory. He enlisted in the army, although his mother opposed the decision. However, when he makes it to the camp, he had to wait many weeks in the camps until he was called up to battle, and he started to doubt his place in the army.

In Milton A. Cohen’s article on the story by Earnest Hemingway, “Soldier’s Home”, he critically analyzes the importance of the story and why, compared to Hemingway’s other stories, he has “vagueness and ambiguity.” Cohen commences by examining Hemingway’s use of the word “thing.” He labels it as vague and endeavors to unearth the possible significance of the word by using Hemingway’s draft of “Soldier’s Home” as a reference. He arrives to the conclusion that Hemingway was influenced by other authors such as Gertrude Stein and James Joyce and, with support from the original transcript, resolved that Hemingway referred to his courageous moments at war. He continues on to scrutinize the word “heroes” and grasps that Krebs in fact felt

Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in Chicago, Illinois. Hemingway was an American author and journalist. Kemen Zabala author of “HEMINGWAY: A STUDY IN GENDER AND SEXUALITY” states that Hemingway was commonly known for portraying the sterile and disillusioned environment created by the massive human loss of World War I. Perhaps his exposure to the atrocious nature of war as a Red Cross ambulance driver in the Europe during World War I aided and further influenced his literary capturing of warfare and how it had affected the “Lost Generation”. Hemingway himself popularized this term, it indicates the coming of age generation during World War I. Ashley Torres, author of “Gender Roles Shift in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises” claims that the “Lost Generation” mirrors the disenchanted and hopeless attitudes generated by the war. Although the war resulted in the loss of millions of men, changing the social and cultural customs, the youths of the “Lost Generation” were “battered but not lost” (Gerald, Kennedy “American Literature Vol. 63” (Jun. 1991), p. 192). As a result, the strict gender roles set by the preceding Victorian era, did not apply anymore, as women now took on many jobs meant for men. With a newfound sense of experimentation, the men and women of the “Lost Generation” could reverse gender roles freely. This paper will analyze the shift in gender roles found predominantly in Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises.

In this article, East Carolina University English professor Dr. Margaret Bauer makes the claim that one cannot solely rely on the reputation on the writer in order to fully comprehend the meaning of a certain text. This is the precisely the case with Ernest Hemingway as he was well-known to scholars to have his short stories filled with male-chauvinist characters either abusing or disregarding weak and helpless women. However, Bauer, a professor of English and women’s studies, believes that the characterization of Hemingway as an abuser and having a blatant disregard of women is almost entirely created by the scholars and readers of his stories. With an analysis of Hemingway’s “Indian Camp” and “Hills Like White Elephants”, Bauer attempts to bring her own feminist perspective to Hemingway’s notoriously misogynistic texts to prove that there are more to his female characters than there is on the surface and to possibly emasculate his reputation of portraying women as powerless and one-dimensional characters.

The movie surveyed a wide array of the troubles faced by boys and men as they try to navigate the realm of masculinity. A common theme was the command “be a man” and the cultural baggage that comes with living up to that ideal. To “be a man” means to not cry, to not be sensitive, to not let people mess with you, to respond with violence, to be angry, to drink, to womanize.

The way he defines conventional masculinity is totally changed at this point. The ideal man should not be afraid to hunt. Francis did not display the heroic traits, but Robert stepped up and proves he has what it takes. To Hemingway, courage and masculinity are addressed together. Men must be courageous and prove themselves through activities like hunting, boxing, fishing, and fighting. Then here comes rich, handsome Francis Macomber, who has never had to prove himself. Once he is finally forced to prove himself, suddenly his marriage and his life are in jeopardy. His money and success was no longer a factor that determined his happiness. Courage is what is important to Margot. Macomber not only acts shamefully by running from the hunt, but he also humiliates himself by continuing to talk on the fact that he is not courageous. (Shmoop Editorial Team).

The other male character used often by Hemingway is the coward or the “messy man”. This is the man who follows no code and has no honor or bravery. He is often dominated by a woman, by far the most humiliating condition according to Hemingway. In The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway writes “Cowardess is the worst kind of luck any man could ever have” showing his despicable view towards any man lacking masculine qualities. One of the best examples of the coward is portrayed in “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber” by Francis. He is dominated by his wife and looked down upon by manly hunter Wilson. But as the story goes on, Macomber overcomes his cowardliness and becomes the sought after “code” hero for the short while before his death. The hunting expedition serves as an opportunity for Francis to learn the code and reassert his power over his wife. The male characters used by Hemingway in his stories say a lot about his own views of masculinity.

The characters in Hemingway’s stories reveal much about how he feels about men and the role they should play in society. Most of Hemingway’s male characters can be split into one of two groups. The first of which is the “Code” Hero. This is the tough, macho guy who chooses to live his life by following a “code of honor,

"Still you did not learn your lesson, allowing the sandwich to spoil because you were afraid of it. Just like you were afraid of the Jones boy. Until you learn from your mistakes and chose to eat the sandwich, you'll be trapped here for eternity." He shouted, and snapped his fingers again.

Many authors, critics, and everyday social readers define Ernest Hemingway as the prime example of 20th century American literature. Hemingway’s works transcend time itself, so that even readers today analyze and criticize his works. His works, of course, have drawn praises and animosity from all corners of the globe. Critics often applause Hemingway on his short simple prose, for which many people recognize him for. His writing builds upon the masterful usage of “short, simple words and short, simple sentences” (Wagner, 3) to create clear and easy to

“Hemingway’s greatness is in his short stories, which rival any other master of the form”(Bloom 1). The Old Man and the Sea is the most popular of his later works (1). The themes represented in this book are religion (Gurko 13-14), heroism (Brenner 31-32), and character symbolism (28). These themes combine to create a book that won Hemingway a Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and contributed to his Nobel Prize for literature in 1954 (3).