Significance of the Night of the Long Knives for Hitler's Power
In the interwar years of 1933 to 1939, Europe saw the rise of Nazi Germany, which was to become the capstone of the inter-war period, and led to the eruption of World War II, shattering the fragile peace overseen by the League of Nations. But how did a party that was in a state of political decline manage this? The Nazi regime's advancement was paralleled by the life of its leader, Adolf Hitler, who perfected his oratorical skills and worked for the advancement of the Nazi party. Such advancement was slow in coming through the years 1925 to 1929, a fairly stable period in Europe. However, as the world became hindered in depression
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There is evidence to prove that the Nazis themselves had set the fire, but in any case, this event had appropriate timing which furthered the Nazi election campaign concerning the "Communist Threat". Hitler used the incident to persuade Hindenburg to restrict all individual rights and declare that the central government could oust any state government failing to maintain order. With the Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State, Hitler could justify his actions under the Decree by saying that it was a "state of emergency" and that it would be repealed when the emergency passed. However it was never repealed while the Nazis were in power. With the powers that this gave to the Nazis, the Reichstag Fire Decree was, in effect, the foundation of Nazi rule. The decree led to the legal persecution of political rivals, such as members of the Communist party, the KPD.
Even so, the Nazis only won 43.9 percent of the electorate vote in 1933. To gain a two-thirds majority needed to pass the Enabling law, (the cornerstone of Nazi power) Hitler formed an alliance with the Nationalist party, and declared the communist party illegal. The Catholic Centre Party voluntarily liquidated itself when a deal was struck between Hitler and the Pope,
1. Explain who were the respective parties to the action. Why were there so many parties?
made decisions based on war and peace, and controlled treaties. All men were in the
League of Nations was a agreement to end the first world war. It was mainly to make calm was at the time chaotic.
However delegates of each nation would meet periodically to vote on certain policy decisions (particularly matters dealing with nations not in the League, such as whether or not to declare war). They had a Constitution that all members had to abide by that
The Night of the Long Knives was extremely significant in the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship and ultimately Hitler’s power. This night of brutal murder and elimination of the Sturm Abteilung (SA) gave Hitler the support of the army, which he need for both the creation of a totalitarian state and his future foreign policy and also relieved the pressures on Hitler. However, The Night of the Long Knives was also the continuation of many other events, which could be described as equally as important, such as the Enabling Act and the Reichstag Fire.
To assess the popularity of the Nazis one must first establish the meaning of popularity and in what ways it can be assessed. Popularity in this instance is support and conformity to the Nazi regime. This essay will span from Hitler and the party’s early days in the Burgerbraukeller in Munich up to the death of the regime in 1945. The evidence used will span from Hitler’s own words in ‘Mein Kampf’ to the masses of propaganda left behind upon the regimes collapse. The biggest historiographical debate in my opinion on this subject is ‘resistenz’ argued by Martin Broszat and ‘Loyal reluctance’ argued mainly by Robert Gellately and Ian Kershaw. During this essay both sides will be evaluated with the idea of popularity at the forefront and how each argument adds or detracts from my argument that the Nazis were mainly a popular regime.
Then on January 10, 1920 The League of Nations is established with the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, ending the hostilities of the first World War. Nine days later the United States Senate votes against joining the League.
In addition, Hitler learnt that the League of Nations, itself a creation of the Treaty of Versailles failed to ensure collective security, and could possibly do nothing to impede his actions. The most crucial factor is that Woodrow Wilson himself, the creator of the League of Nations, was not allowed to join it by the Congress. Also, it proved to be ineffective at various occasions. It was first unsuccessful in 1931 during the Manchurian Crisis. The League of Nations sent a committee to investigate the situation and concluded that Japan had violated China’s security. Although they condemned Japan’s actions, there was not much Britain or
The Effect of the Great Depression on Hitler's Power There is no simple answer as to why Hitler became chancellor in January 1933. There are a number of causal factors which all contributed to his rise into power. Any of the factors, on its own, however, would not have resulted in his appointment. They are all linked in a web of causation and if any of the factors were missing, Hitler would not have been appointed chancellor. Of the factors I would say that the Great Depression was the most important.
To make a federal government, it included delegates. They hired the people that decided to overthrow the monarchy. One problem was that those people did not want to serve a long term to be a delegate. They each agreed to a one year term. The
The league of nations was created by the winners of WWI and was intended to prevent future world wars. The idea was created by the US president Woodrow Wilson. The League of Nations was supposed to be a council that included all the world nations to discuss topics and keep peace. This organization failed in stopping WWII. The League had multiple opportunities to stop the second world war, but failed miserably. The League of Nations had very limited authority on countries such as Japan, Italy, Germany and the USSR. “The main weapon of the League was to ask member countries to stop trading with aggressive countries”(Wheeler). The League of Nations was treated as a joke and could not enforce any of the rules that they set. The League had no authority because they had no army to threaten the aggressive countries. Additionally, countries such as Italy and Germany were not part of the League and therefore had no obligation to listen to them or make peace talks. If the League was set up in a better format and way to work it would not have failed and they could have been able to stop the second world
In this essay, I am going to look at the successes and failures of the League of Nations (LofN) in its struggle for peace throughout the 1920’s. The LofN was the ‘brain child’ of American president Woodrow Wilson. The four other main powers (Britain, France, Japan and Italy) joined along with approximately 60 other countries from around the world. The U.S.A then abandoned its ‘child’ as to social and economic unrest led to a more isolationist foreign policy. Yet the other four main countries continued to support the LofN and formed the council, consisting to the ‘most powerful countries’. The LofN was set up to enforce peace in Europe and the world. It created various
"The League of Nations was doomed To failure from the start" Adam Jenner Many may believe that the League of Nations was doomed to failure as soon as the doors of their Geneva headquarters were opened; many may say that it was built on unstable foundations; that the very idea of it was a grave misjudgment by the powers that were. Indeed it is true that the League of Nations, when it was set up was marred with many fundamental flaws. The League of Nations was formed after the end of the First World War. It was an idea that President Wilson introduced as an international police force to maintain peace and to ensure the devastating atrocities like the First World War ever happening again. The principle mission of the League of Nations was to maintain World Peace. Their failure as the international peacekeeping organization to maintain world peace brought the outbreak of Second World War. Their failure in policing and preventing peace in settling disputes throughout Europe, erupted into the most devastating war ever. Through my analysis of the failures of the League of Nations to maintain world peace, my arguments will demonstrate the understandings of the reasons and events that created the most devastating environment for the Second World War.
The ease with which Hitler and the Nazis were able to consolidate their power by August 1934, was due to the combination of luck, manipulation of legal procedures and a willingness to be uterly ruthless. The Nazi position was extremly unstable and in shaky circumstances during January 193. However, after the events and actions taken to consolidate their power the Nazis grew stronger and became invulnerable for the time they were in power.
However, the League, once secure used its representatives' power and presence as a threat, but did not follow through with such threats when major opposition arose. For example, in the 1930s, the League of Nations "possessed neither the will nor the means to stop them [fascist dictators in Italy, Germany, and Japan]" (Patterson, UN, 14). Although this organization did little to prevent the Second World War in 1939, it did pave the way for humanitarian aid efforts to refugees and helped to resolve a number of border disputes before the war.