Part A
What in your view was the short-term significance of The Education Act 1870?
The 1870 Education Act highlighted inequality in the school system between genders not only in the class room but in the running of schools. This obviously led to a lot of change for the role and status of women in the 1870’s and early 20th century, including creating a political identity, proving women’s ability to work well in politics, and creating an educated generation ready for further radical change.
The short term significance of the 1870 Education Act can be seen in the political impact and the changes to equality within areas of politics, by introducing School Boards. School boards started or took over 3000 schools across the UK, which not only took control away from the Church in deciding what is learnt by children, it also allowed women to have a
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This highlights how the role of School Boards expanded into separate committees which each had significant individual importance and impact. Coming from Hill in 1896 highlights how women made immediate change to the education system, highlighting their political ability. The success of School Bards is further highlighted by the later reports of Millicent Fawcett about individuals like Elizabeth Garret. Elizabeth Garrett stood for the first School Board election in November 1870 and continued to serve until her death, showing the significance of having educated women as a part of the education system and the impact they can have when given the opportunity. In her book ‘Women's Suffrage’ published in 1911, Millicent Garrett Fawcett described the School Board elections in 1870. “Miss Garrett was at the head of the poll in her constituency - Marylebone. She polled more than 47,000 votes, the largest number, it
The foundation of colleges for women as well as events at women’s rights conventions intellectually challenged society’s views on women’s traditional roles. As education became more of a public governmental service, the educational
The 1902 Education Act was put in place by the Conservative party to put more money into schools by abolishing school attendance committees and the school boards and handing over their responsibilities to local councils as Local Education Authorities (LEA’s), who
In her next chapter, Kerber examines the newfound need for the educating of women. Women were not allowed freedom or a political opinion, but they could not be completely pushed aside. For years women had been taught that education made them undesirable to men and educated women were scorned. Kerber argues that a new need for
Women wanted to improve education in both university courses and at a school level. They wanted to open up career opportunities for girls that were once just meant for men, some examples of these were in sport and science. While this was happening other women were focussing on meeting women’s specific safety and health needs, this included greater access to contraception, abortion, and protection from domestic violence.
As the United States kept on expanding, it started to face many problems. Education was vital in the 1800’s. The citizens of America wanted to establish schools which would educate the next laboring generation. A lot of people, as well as Horace Mann thought that all children had the right to go to school and get an education. This then brought up the problem of free public schooling for all kids. A bad side of this was African-American and Irish Catholic people were left out of this opportunity that started a little hypocrisy. This made the opportunities for women even stronger. Emma Willard, Catharine Beecher, and Mary Lyon were important to this battle. The reason for the movement is to offer an education to everyone despite level of class,
Both in industry and politics. In 1869, Anthony & E. Cady Stanton formed the National Woman Suffrage Association to grant women to vote. Also, by the 1900’s, a third of all college students, nationwide, were in fact women. This shows how these changes affected women as initially women were thought of being too small minded to have an education. It would be unlikely to see a woman have a family and an occupation. Women were only expected to take care of the house and family. As seen in Document A, there was a rise in workforce as new labour jobs became available. The percentage of women is higher at 16-20 and 21-24 years old, than at any other age. The percentage of women would be much lower as companies would rather pay a male, as he would provide for his family, rather than a female. Here it can be seen that the development and change of the social system aided the empowerment of women in the Gilded
Judith Sargent Murray’s On the Equality of the Sexes reveals the struggles women had in the 17th-18th centuries when it came to equal education opportunities. Women were expected to become people of domestication while men had many opportunities to expand their minds and be ambitious, and be leaders. Women were expected to focus on taking care of their family, not to have minds of their own. They wanted change.
The nineteenth century brought about a change in women's education. Common schools were established in the 1820's, which started to close the educational gap between men and women. Eventually, women were able to take over teaching jobs because it dealt with child nurturing, which was considered to be a female job. On woman who made a difference in women's rights during the nineteenth century was Susan B. Anthony. In 1872, she felt that women perceived the government as having no just powers.
Articles written during a specific period gives the future population an idea of the issues present during that time. Before the United States became independent, woman education was limited to the skill needed to be a good wife and proper mother. Particularly, upper-class woman were the only ones that had the resources to gain an education. Most middle and lower class focus primarily on the education of their males. European education influence Colonial America’s educational system. Since there weren’t any establish convents schools in the colonies, tutors were primarily hired and later on schools were incorporated. During the first years of schooling, new England girls went to a coed school called “dame school”. In the dame school, girls were thought to knit and sew. Many girls got the chance to go to the town school. However, some town school in new England prohibited girls from attending. In the south, girls got the
In the 1970 feminist were fighting for education also. Title 9 was the first step for change. They needed enforcement with it, just like the Brown vs. Board of Education. Sexism was ingrained in our society like racism. In the upper grades girls were discourages from higher level classes just like one of the Mexican American students also went
The 1870 Education Act, universally recognized as Foster’s Education Act, set the structure of schooling for all children aged between 5 and 13 years old (Politics, 2014). Gillard (2011) mentioned that the 1870 Education Act which ‘established school boards to oversee and complete the network of schools and bring them all under some form of provision’ was drafted by Liberal MP, William Forster, and it was introduced on 9 August 1870. 1870 Education Act is the start of obligatory state education (Shaw, 2011).
In 1891 primary education became free and compulsory for all children between the ages 5 and 13. Although some may see this as a great step towards equality, many found this an inconvenience as their children could no longer work for them; this in some cases meant families lost out on money and business. A Marxist would explain this as the Bourgeoisie transmitting the ideology to the Proletariat that capitalism is just and reasonable. Marx (1848) considers this ‘exploitation of the many by the few’. This can be seen in the schooling environment as it teaches you to compete with your fellow pupils by trying to achieve higher than them for a grade or position, similar to that society. They would also see it as training
Generations of women fought courageously for equality for decades. The ratification of the Nineteenth amendment was vindication for so many women across the country. After having spent so many years oppressed and unable to make way for themselves, women everywhere were growing tired of being unable to own property, keep their wages and the independence that an academic education gave them. The decades that ensued brought with them various female activists, men that supported them and a division of its own within the movement. The women’s suffrage movement lasted 71 years and cam with great discourse to the lives of many women who fought for the cause.
Social change in Britain has been achieved primarily through the hard work of organized political groups. These groups created events to recruit and educate supporters of social equality to join them in fighting for progress. The Women’s Suffrage Movement between 1866 and 1928 in Britain is no exception to this trend. The reason for the great efficacy of these political groups, including the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies and the Women’s Social and Political Union, was the women who pioneered the groups and fought alongside them to create the change that they believed in. The goal of these political groups was finally realized in 1928 with the passing of the Representation of the People Act. However, the Women’s Suffrage Movement in Britain would not have been successful without the influential actions of several significant women. In addition to the overall necessity of female leadership for British Women’s Suffrage, the central efforts of Millicent Fawcett, Lydia Becker, and Emmeline Pankhurst particularly played a large role in the movement’s success.
The year was 1912 in London, England. Women lived at the mercy of their fathers, brothers, husbands and bosses; clearly a patriarchal society. Women’s lives consisted of keeping house and raising children and caring for their families. Those who worked outside of the home were limited to menial labor, earned significantly less than men, and surrendered their earnings to their husbands. Any inheritance of real estate or money a woman may have received was given to her husband and, most often, she had nothing to say about how it was managed or spent. A woman could not vote or run for office, and received little support, should she desire an education other than a ‘finishing school.’ (Clearly,