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Self-Identity In William Golding's Lord Of The Flies

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Individual differences in self-identity and personality construction are modified by the social environment and genetic heritability (Scarr, 1992). The development of niche-picking allows children to self-select their own experience based on their genetic predisposition, and the process of constructing self is altered through different age stages and life events (Scarr, 1992). However, the novel demonstrates how self-identity and personality can be shaped through social experiences and uses classical psychoanalytic theory and theory of self-discrepancy to explain the development of the characters. First, Freud’s classical psychoanalytic theory offers an explanation to illustrate the development of personality theory. To elaborate, individual’s mental life can be described with the id, the ego, and the superego, which center around the importance of sexuality, …show more content…

As the leader of the group, he maintains rule, governs social order, and provides security to ensure civilization (Golding, 1962). Ralph also serves as the mediator between Jack and Piggy, as he tries to keep Jack’s aggression under his control and takes Piggy’s perceptive advices into consideration (Golding, 1962). Evidently, Ralph characterizes the ego and constantly balances the desires between the id and the reality because he only considers group functioning, group benefit, the need for democracy and authority (Ostow, 1959). Moreover, the theory of self-discrepancy reveals the discrepancy between Ralph’s actual-self and ought-self (Higgins, 1987). To elaborate, he fails to act consistent with self as he fails to maintain social order and save Piggy from disaster (Golding, 1962). As the result, he generates both guilt and threat from Jack and his savagery (Higgins, 1987). At the same time, his negative affects impel his behavior and produce the motivation that enables him to escape from Jack’s hunting (Higgins,

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