“Why Standardized Test Don’t Measure Educational Quality” by James Popham is an essay on exactly what the title says. It is an exploration and a study of how different tests test different educational topics. For example, how well a school teaches the material to the students and how much knowledge a student absorbs from different internal and external factors. In exploring Popham’s essay, soaps, appeals, and style will be investigated through rhetorical analysis. First off, what is rhetorical analysis? Rhetoric is the study of how writers and speakers use words to influence an audience. There are many different pieces to rhetoric, like diction, syntax, and mood. Diction is the choice of words, syntax is the way the words are arranged,
The term Rhetoric can be defined as “the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion.” In order to use rhetoric devices correctly you need; ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. Logos is an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason.
According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, rhetoric is defined as “the art of speaking as a means of communication or persuasion”. In other words, rhetoric is the way a speaker convinces an audience to approach a given issue from a preferred perspective. Speakers may utilize the following appeals to win the audience's favor: ethos, logos, and pathos. Ethos refers to the speakers incorporation of the audience’s ethical responsibilities. A speaker also uses ethos to establish credibility. Logos is the speaker’s use of logic and reasoning by a way of factual evidence. Lastly, a speaker may use pathos to engage the audience's emotions. Dr. Martin Luther
Rhetoric is the art of persuasion, whether it is written or spoken. Rhetoric has been around for centuries. Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, believed that there were three basic ways to persuade an audience: ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is the appeal to ethics: how the speaker portrays himself/herself to the audience. Can the audience trust him/her?
In the article, “high stakes of standardized testing”, Steve Kastenbaum express a unique way of writing that helps persuade the reader that standardized testing are not the most effective way to critique students or teachers. The main audience for his article are students, parents, teachers and school officials. The article starts off by discussing how testing has been a part of the American education for a long time. He then goes on to quote a variety of people who have opinions on this matter to elaborate more deeply on the effects of testing and pressure that is involved with testing. In his article it was obvious that each of these people ranging from teacher and students to school officials had their own view on the matter. The people
Rhetoric’s are used in every occurence of our lives whether we are aware of them or not. From the way we greet new ideas and thoughts, to the way we function with already existing notions, regardless, rhetorics have incorporated into our daily life from the first few months of our lives. The dictionary recognizes rhetorical to mean ‘the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.’ What’s the main concept to explore of rhetorics, are the main uses and techniques that are commonly used.
Rhetoric is the process by which an author explains his case on a particular subject to the reader using ethos, pathos, and logos in an attempt to persuade
Rhetoric is the idea of persuasion. Its basic idea is to influence someone to believe in our idea or help understand the message we are trying to deliver. In our daily life we use rhetoric in many places. This includes verbal communication as well as non-verbal communication such as body language and facial expression. In the workplace it can be used to communicate with people effectively.
Rhetoric seems like a big word but the meaning is simple- persuasion. In the book Julius Caesar, Antony and Brutus, two major characters, are fantastic at persuading the Roman citizens. When one is reading the story, they might think that both have equal amounts but when you look closer, Antony has the better rhetoric strategies. In just a few short sentences, Antony convinced the people to believe that Caesar needed revenge even though he never came out and told them that. Just a couple of minutes ago, the citizens were on Brutus’s side and thought that Caesar needed to go.
Rhetoric is something that at least everyone uses in his or her everyday life. Rhetoric can be used in the form of social media, politics and even making the decision on how you are going to communicate. In the Youtube video titled In Defense of Rhetoric: No Longer Just for Liars, Professor, Dr. Ann George states rhetoric as how we persuade each other or how we make arguments. George believes we can do this by the words we use, the gestures we make and the facial appeals that can break down the language and encourage the argument one might be making.
Rhetoric gives you an avenue to tell a story from your perspective in a way that connects with the intended audience without having to be one hundred percent substantiated. This writing style is evident in almost everything we read from billboards to Internet ads and even political speeches.
Rhetoric is used to convince an audience to perform any action the speaker wishes to be done; because of this students need to be able to use rhetoric so that their thoughts or ideas may not just be washed away in the future. Students can use need this useful tool later in life to be able to change their environment and control their audience. For example, when a student is in an interview and the interview
The word rhetoric is a form of literature that is used when one is trying to be effective in speaking and writing. Most people will utilize rhetoric writing at the same time they are trying to write a persuasive essay and not even know it. Not only is it used to persuade but also to motivate the reader on a specific topic or subject. I believe its the most effective style of writing and speaking that there is. This brings me back about two years ago when I wanted a fast sports car for my 17th birthday. I knew it wasn't going to come easy since my parents were very aware of my poor driving habits. This is when I realized I was going to have to be rhetoric, so I did just that. First, I researched all the important safety features the car had.
“No issue in the U.S. Education is more controversial than (standardized) testing. Some people view it as the linchpin of serious reform and improvement, others as a menace to quality teaching and learning” (Phelps). A tool that educators use to learn about students and their learning capabilities is the standardized test. Standardized tests are designed to give a common measure of a student’s performance. Popular tests include the SAT, IQ tests, Regents Exams, and the ACT. “Three kinds of standardized tests are used frequently in schools: achievement, diagnostic, and aptitude” (Woolfolk 550). Achievement tests can be used to help a teacher assess a student’s strengths and weaknesses in a
According to James, standardized testing falsely defines education. James believes that standardized testing teaches children to practice and perform, rather than helping children develop a sense of curiosity. Standardized testing causes the school to become a drudgery for children. Teachers do not teach a subject, but instead, they pump them with test taking strategies. Students are not given the opportunity to use their imagination to be curious or to become engaged in a subject. Instead, they are learning that school is about mastering test taking skills.
To begin with standardized testing creates several critical problems for students and for the education industry. These tests are created to test over particular things. In the end these types of tests are only limited in the amount of knowledge that can be tested toward students. For example, “Standardized exams offer few opportunities to display the attributes of high-order thinking, such as analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and creativity.” (“Standardized Testing Has Serious Limitations”). Even though these tests are able to attack certain subjects at the core, they still leave out very valuable and critical information that all students should know. In