Jack H. Zionic Professor Chappell English 102: Rhetoric and Composition II 5 March 2024 Does Alex Kotlowitz Effectively Employ Aristotle’s Rhetorical Appeals to Motivate Desire for Improved Living Conditions in Chicago’s Public Housing? Alex Kotlowitz effectively uses Aristotle’s rhetorical appeals of kairos, logos, pathos, and ethos to transmit a fraction of the discomfort of the subjects of There Are No Children Here (1991) to the reader while confronting them with statistical information to motivate them into taking action to improve the quality of life of Chicagoans living in public housing by unspecified means. There Are No Children Here by Alex Kotlowitz was published in 1991, the case study of several young children residing in the Governor Henry Horner Homes (public housing projects) of …show more content…
One series of lines in particular, early in the book, powerfully stir a combination of shock and revulsion into the heart of the reader; “So that summer LaJoe wanted to be prepared for the worst. She started paying $80 a month for burial insurance for Lafeyette, Pharoah, and the four-year-old triplets.” (Kotlowitz, 17) The concept of burial insurance for several perfectly healthy children is surely alien to most readers, and deeply disturbing to nearly all. Not even the local elementary school, known to the children as Suder, is a safe location; “The parking lot behind the school has been the site of numerous gang battles. When the powerful sounds of.357 Magnums and sawed-off shotguns echoed off the school walls, the streetwise students slid off their chairs and huddled under their desks.” (Kotlowitz, 66) The dual tragedy of the elementary school being subject to such ruthless violence and the instinctual reaction of the children to seek cover from stray bullets makes the reader feel both sorrow and anger at
In modern society, it is difficult to imagine the amount of pain women go through when losing their child to adoption. However, when women's children are put into the adoption system, they have complete control of the situation. Shortly after World War II, the pregnancy rate in young women increased a dramatic amount. Different from mothers today, these young girls were not given the choice to keep their child nor did they have much say in the adoption process. In Ann Fesslers’ book The Girls Who Went Away, pathos, logos, and ethos were used to show the lack of control young pregnant women had in the 1960s.
Countries all over the world are dealing with violence, but gun violence is a huge problem in America specifically. With shootings occurring all around the country, disaster strikes the fictional town of Opportunity, Alabama, when a high school dropout re-enrolls with a gun in hand. Tyler is the boy who brings a gun to school, but This Is Where It Ends by Marieke Nijkamp tells the events of this school shooting through the eyes of Tyler’s ex-girlfriend, Tyler’s sister, her girlfriend, and her girlfriend’s twin brother. Though the event begins and ends within the course of two hours, this book teaches strong lessons about the understanding of privacy, how important preparedness is, and appreciating loved ones.
Founder of Planned Parenthood, Margaret Sanger, in her speech at the 1925 birth control conference, The Children’s Era, explains the downfalls in American society when it comes to raising children. Through this speech, Sanger is trying to further promote her nonprofit organization and display the benefits of birth control. She appears to show compassionate characteristics towards children, more specifically the future American children, as she adopts an urgent tone to encompass her listeners into her ultimate goal, widespread, effective birth control methods.
Founder of Planned Parenthood, Margaret Sanger, in her speech at the 1925 Birth Control Conference, “The Children’s Era,” explains the downfalls in American society when it comes to raising children. Through her speech, Sanger attempts to further promote her nonprofit organization and display the benefits of birth control. She appears to show compassionate characteristics towards children, more specifically future American children as she adopts an urgent tone to encompass her listeners into her ultimate goal: widespread, effective birth control methods.
It gives a broad history of violence and the most common problems in schools up until the beginnings of school shootings. This is the article's’ main focus. The document tells about a few specific instances that have been particularly influential as well as the possible causes. While this is an interesting article that does touch on bullying as a possible cause of shootings, it doesn’t focus on it and has only a few paragraphs and a sidebar dedicated to the topic.
In this article, the authors provide information on past mass school shootings and introduce new theories that relate to those school shootings. The authors also discuss and analyze characteristics between the different shootings with regard to the shooters’ lives and personality, the time periods of the shootings and also the schools and people who fell victim to the shootings. By doing this, the article gives greater insight to shooter profiles and it helps the reader find reoccurring themes and personalities between different shooters. After doing so, one is able to recognize someone who may be exhibiting strange behaviors and they are then able to possibly prevent any violence by getting someone help. This article is also helpful by giving information on why shooters do what they do and the stages in which they go through to make their final decisions. This article also helps navigate the different varieties of mass shootings and is helpful when researching the various theories people have about mass shootings especially in school systems.
"I'm angry someone would do this to us. There are lives ruined, families ruined, and our whole school year is ruined" (Brackely 1). Casey Brackely, once a student that attended Columbine High School, remembers the tragedy of the horrific Columbine shooting that killed and injured many students. Mass shootings in the United States have been on the rise since the 1980’s, especially in the last decade. These shooters motives and profiles are almost all terrifyingly alike. Many of these shooters try to imitate and parallel the tragic shooting of the Columbine High School in 1999. These shootings have made peaceful organizations, such as an elementary school; become a place of violence and death. Currently, in the United States, an epidemic of
The purpose of this study is to reveal the imminent threat of mass shootings in the American classroom, as well as what the schools are doing to prepare for such a disaster.
Kip Kinkel, who murdered his parents, two classmates, and injured twenty-five others, wrote in his journal, “Killers start sad and crazy.” The expression “school shooting,” refers to firearm violence in any educational institution (Preti). School shootings have become a pandemic in America, but what is causing these people to shoot schools? The top three reasons students say school shootings occur are revenge, bullying, and they do not value life (Gaughan et al.). Psychologist Brad Bushman stated that “violent acts are rare,” and that “you cannot predict a shooting rampage just based on exposure to violent media or any other factor” ("Violent Video Games Spur Child Aggression”). In his article “What a Killer Thinks,” Dave Cullen writes “Do
Horror, Grotesque, and upsetting are three words that can describe a major problem in our society. The problem described is the amount of school violence happening. Although school shootings don’t happen a lot, the effect of the shootings that do happen have a toll that lasts forever. Many innocent kids and adults have lost their lives to school shootings. Like Mitchell and Brentro said, “While mass shootings capture public attention, like a passing ambulance, interest wanes until the next wail of sirens” (5).
Columbine, Virginia Tech, and Sandy Hook these are but a few cases of fatal school shootings that have plagued the United States history in recent years. School-based violence has gained much attention in the media. Parents are fearful to send their children to school, teachers are becoming armed, and schools have more police patrolling campuses in hopes to deter future endangerment to students and administration. Shootings are the most common and frequent acts of school-based violence and accounts for the highest amount of deaths according to Roberto Flores de Apodaca and fellow co writers’ study of the characteristics of school shootings (Flores de Apodaca et al, 2012, p.365). The question though still stands: what causes these shootings and what can be done to prevent future lives being taken? The answer to this question is not a simple one. There are many factors that play a part in school shootings: the events leading up to the shooting, interpersonal/psychological issues, community, and social culture. To come up with a solution to the problem, one must first look into the causes of the problem because there is not just one cause but many contributing factors. The aim of this paper is to examine causes and factors that lead to shootings in schools and solutions or ways to prevent them.
American schools became dangerous places at the end of the twentieth century. Children as young as twelve and thirteen came to school not to study but to shoot as many people as possible. Even as these students transformed schools into war zones, teachers and other students did what they could to restore order and to save lives. In doing so, they became unlikely heroes on America’s latest battlefield.
It is without a doubt that there has been an increase in violent crimes in schools throughout recent years. School shootings continue to become more and more common, especially in North America. Safety concerns for any and all students and staff in schools are at all all time high due to the high number of fatal and non-fatal occurring incidences. Since 2013 to the present, it is estimated that the United States has seen approximately 205 school shootings. Weekly, that is a shocking one shooting on average. Many of these shootings have resulted in the injuries and deaths of multiple of students and staff members. (Everytown Research, 2017) Evidently, school shootings are tragic events that affect so many more people than just the victims. However, these events are also interesting to look at from the psychological and sociological point of views. Through much research, it can be concluded that school shootings are a complex problem that are caused by a mix of improper brain development and societal and media influences which motivate school shooters to emerge. Psychological factors may include struggling with mental illnesses and/or abuse that leads to damaged brain development. Additionally, being bullied and/or the role of the media are examples of sociological factors.
The anxiety, stress, fear, and worry may be overwhelming for parents who now fear sending their children to school. Parents may no longer want their children to stand outside at the bus stop each morning, or faculty members may not feel safe walking from the parking lot to the school all because of one incident. Even though the article mentions that there was an “enhanced police presence,” some individuals may remain in a constant state of fear and often times, it is hard to cope with these feelings (Novak, 2016). A shooting that takes place in the middle of town instantly makes people question personal safety. Behaviors and actions of individuals drastically
We must also remember the numerous smaller shootings at schools and the unsafe environment that these shootings bring to schools. In this advanced age that we live in today, it is difficult to understand why school shootings are still happening. This sentiment is not new: after each shooting, we see the tragedy on mass media, and we join up and protest for stricter gun legislation, for stronger programs to aid students with mental illnesses. But each