MAE 336
(Power Plant Design)
Design Project 1:
Regenerative Brayton Cycle
Date Submitted: 4/02/2012
Garrett Kinsel
ID#: 003800821
Mon/Wed 9:00am-11:15am
Instructor: Dr. Torabzadeh, Ph.D.
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this design project was to investigate the effect of various design and operating parameters on the thermal efficiency, net work output per unit mass, and back work ratio of a regenerative Brayton cycle. Specifically, these parameters include the pressure ratio, TminTmax ratio, regenerator effectiveness, and compressor and turbine efficiencies, assuming the working fluid to be air at 100kPa and 300K at the compressor inlet. Model calculations are presented
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Due to their low overall thermal efficiencies, gas turbines initially had limited uses. As time has passed, many renovations have been implemented to the gas turbine cycle to make it more efficient. Some modifications include: increasing the turbine inlet temperatures, increasing the efficiencies of turbo machinery components, and adding modifications to the basic cycle. In contrast to the ideal cycle, the actual cycle undergoes unavoidable pressure drops during the heat addition and heat rejection processes. In addition, the actual work input to the compressor is always more than the output and the actual work output of the turbine is less than the work input due to irreversibility. These relationships are displayed in the figures below:
Four other common modifications to the simple ideal and actual Brayton cycles include: 1) Regeneration 2) Reheat 3) Intercooling 4) Regeneration with Reheat and Intercooling
The only methods amongst these choices that improve the overall thermal efficiency of the ideal Brayton cycle are those that utilize regeneration. However, each of these four improvements also increase the initial cost of building the equipment as well as the maintenance cost for the cycle. Thus, deciding which power cycle to build depends on economics as much as it depends on engineering.
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A period of 5 years from 2008 to 2013 is considered for combustion instabilities performance evaluation before modifications measures are fully implemented. In the past major changes in the gas turbine exhaust gas temperature distribution as well as reduced margin to the combustion stability were observed in all 5 S1 gas turbines, leading to hot/cold spots events and trips, Acceleration Max 1,Max 2 unload events and Max 3 trips.
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Mr. Abou-Zeid has a Diploma in Mechanical Engineering with a specialization in Energy (Gas steam turbine engines and combustion engines) from University of Applied Sciences, Germany
Flow path I cools the stator winding. This flow path passes through water manifold on the exciter end of the generator and from there to the stator bars via insulated bar is connected to the manifold by a separate hose. Inside the bars the cooling water flows through hollow strands. At the turbine end, the water is passed through the similar hoses to another water manifold and then return to the primary water tank. Since a single pass water flow through the stator is used, only a minimum temperature rise is obtained for both the coolant and the bars. Relatively movements due to the different thermal expansions between the top and the bottom bars are thus minimized.
By taking the position as Raj Bhatt, Business Development manager of GE Canada, I am comfortable and confident that energy efficiency is an attractive industry and business opportunity. What makes Raj Bhatt believe that the Energy Efficiency projects will be successful in Canada is that the project helps not only the ESCo, which conducts the performance-based contracting, but also the customers, who are more aware of the benefits of Energy Efficiency project. The Energy Efficiency project will optimize the energy usage, including conservation, use of efficient equipment and off peak usage. Even though the project has required intensive initial capital investment and long payback period, it will
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