Recessive Breeding

---If given traits and parents, be able to use a Punnett square or patterns to predict the probability of offspring for a given cross and express it as a fraction, percent, or ratio.---

Calculate the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation.

A monohybrid cross is the simplest cross that can be carried out; it is a mating between two individuals with different alleles at one genetic locus. It analyses a single trait and its variations, and it can be carried out if each parent is homozygous (when an individual has two of the same allele) for a given trait. This produces second-generation offspring that exhibit a 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes.

You are also provided with a heterozygous female, and a homozygous recessive male for a genetic cross. In this particular female, all the dominant alleles are on one chromosome, and the recessive counterparts are on the other homologous chromosome. Due to a chromosomal condition, in the female no recombination occurs between the M and N loci. Normal recombination occurs between the L and M loci. Diagram this cross, and show the genotypes and frequencies of all offspring expected from this cross.

You have to choose whether the mutation is dominate or recessive, but I think it would have been better if you could pick which group of bunnies you wanted to give the mutation to. Overall this lab disproved by initial hypothesis about mutations giving advantages to bunnies with a disadvantage in fur

A carrier is an animal that is healthy, but carries an unhealthy gene. When two carriers mate, there is a chance that their offspring will inherit the unhealthy gene from both parents and will get sick. Genetic testing can reveal which animals are carriers and which aren't. The non-carriers can breed with without restriction, but the carriers are limited to only non-carriers.

The problem with crossing over is that some unexpected results can occur. For instance, the offspring of a bull homozygous for two recessive but desirable traits and a cow with "normal" genes will all have one copy of each recessive gene. But when these offspring produce gametes, one recessive gene may migrate to a different chromosome, so that the two traits no longer appear in one gamete. Since most genes work in complicity with others to produce a certain trait, this can make the process of animal breeding very slow, and it requires many generations before the desired traits are obtained

A set of rules and guidelines were followed on how breeding would precede. Pairs in one block could not mate with another, and within a block the alleles were systematically divided and breed to assure inbreeding wouldnt occur. Each allele was assigned the side of a coin. Each generation followed the same guidelines and produced a total of 12 offspring’s (6 male and 6 female). Breeding was mimicked over the course of 8 generations. After the 8th generation of offspring had been produced, the allelic frequencies were recorded in the table

I had to investigate the effect of the mutation on the plants and then determine the type of inheritance pattern shown in each case. By following in the footsteps of the Father of Genetics ‘Gregor Johann Mendel’; I’ve attempted to achieve recreating (on a much smaller scale) one of his inheritance experiments conducted in 1856-1863. This particular experiment led him to create the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment, which later became known as Mendel's Laws of Inheritance. By following the “Second Law” created by Mendel (Independent Assortment) it was possible to hypothesise that the growth rate of both peas and barley were manipulated by the phenotype and genotype of each individual plant, chlorophyll absorption within each plant and how had the inheritance pattern affected the overall biological mass/growth rate of the collective. Essentially the phenotype ‘Green’ has a higher probability to grow into adulthood without complication due to the Chlorophyll’s ability to absorb more light (to photosynthesise and grow) as opposed to the white or yellow phenotypes which absorb less light due to the colour pigmentation within their leaves. The inheritance pattern of both peas and barely contributes to the genotypes and phenotypes present within the plants. Theoretically had all barley and pea plants of a ‘Green Phenotype’ and the ‘GxG Genotype’ (G: Green) been bred as a species, all of

The first step into doing this is to find out the combination of alleles that creates in each bear. To do that we must construct a allele frequency table see which is dominant and recessive in the population. In which we used a population of ten bear to see what genotype pairs appear,in which Robert Jurmain (2013) defines as,"The genetic makeup of an individual. Genotype can refer to an organism's entire genetic makeup or to the

The pairs of alternative traits examined segregated among the progeny of a particular cross, some individuals exhibiting one traits, some the other

New Mexico Public Education Department (2009) has developed English Language Development Standards (ELD). The Pre K-12 ELD is based upon the World Class Instructional Design and Assessment (WIDA) Consortium’s model (2004, 2007). Each appears in two frameworks: Summative and Formative. The two frameworks can be used for planning curriculum, instruction, and assessment of English language learners. The common elements of the two frameworks are: 1). English development standards, 2). language domains, 3). grade level clusters, and 4). language proficiency levels. The formative strategy, in particular, is used to develop cultural and linguistic diversity within the state through instructional assessment activities, tasks and projects across the English language development standards.

The universe has a beginning. The world had a beginning. A human life has a beginning. They will all inevitably end. But, is killing a child that has yet to experience their life truly the way their beginning should end? In the situation where human lives are weighed against a national economy, which one prevails? This is the conflict that the Chinese government has been struck with.

Eugenics is defined as the science of improving a human population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics (Merriam-Webster). The extensive and shadowed history of authoritative and liberal eugenics practices dates back to 1883 when eugenecist Francis Galton began publicly advocating for the castration of the insane. Eugenics practices occurred around the world for more than a century and are still part of scientific progress and discussion today. From the T4 programs of Nazi Germany to the Human Genome Project and the mapping of the entire fetal genetic makeup, eugenics and selective breeding have played a major part in the history and social makeup of the world.

“On Good Breeding” Shaw believes that mankind’s philosophical progression has been minimal at best. In contrast, mankind’s ability to alter agriculture, microscopic organisms, and livestock has proven to be revolutionary. Humans have learned how to generically engineer nature (yes, even during Shaw’s time). In short, man can physically improve upon Mother Nature – why then should he not use his abilities to improve upon Mankind? (This makes me wonder what Shaw would have thought of cloning technology.)