Quantification Of Caffeine And Benzoic Acid

Caffeine is a photoactive stimulant found in plant species. These plant species vary including tea, coffee and cocoa. The caffeine is absorbed fully into the stomach and small intestine after 30 to 45 minutes, which is the peak of the caffeine. The caffeine is in a person’s body for up to 4 hours. Caffeine has consequences if over dosed. Anxiety, heart palpitations, headaches, insomnia and nervousness are all physical and mental conditions that can be present if you have caffeinism. This research gives me an insight into caffeine I would have never known if I did not chose this topic to study.

First, saturate the TLC trough with 30 ml of ethyl acetate: methanol solution for 10 mins. Next, spread the silica gel into into a 0.2 micrometer film over the Aluminum plate. Then, to dry the plate for usage, heat the plates in an oven at 110 Celsius for 5 min. Apply the samples 1 cm above the base of the plate using a sample applicator, along with nitrogen gas to allow the bands to simultaneously dry. Place the TLC Plate into the chromatography trough, and allow the plate to develop until the 10cm mark. Follow up by scanning the TLC plate in a densitometer to obtain a chromatogram of the separated samples. The Peak of caffeine observed on the chromatogram can be matched to the real plate and be scraped off for the retrieval of caffeine.

Through this experiment, I determined the components of a mixture of compounds by Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC). By using this method, I was able to make an identification by detecting the presence or absence of particular compounds by comparing the Rf values of known compounds to an unknown sample. For this experiment, the list of possible compounds in the samples are as follows: Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Salicylamide, Caffeine, and Phenacetin. To compare the Rf values of the possible compounds to an unknown sample, I chose TLC 4 as my unknown. Although I calculated several Rf values, the only values that were important were the values of the spots of the known compounds that lined up with the unknown spots on the TLC plate. Through careful

The two articles that were selected focused on the effects of caffeine and how the human body becomes dependent on caffeine. The language used in both of these articles demonstrates an obvious difference between the two. The understanding of the primary literature article is targeted toward a specific audience while the secondary literature article is targeted toward the general population. The understanding of each article has its own distinguishable characteristics.

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate the components of a mixture. It can be used to monitor the progress of a reaction, determine the purity of a substance, and identify compounds present in a given mixture. TLC is performed on a sheet of glass, plastic, or aluminum foil, which is coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material, usually silica gel, aluminum oxide, or cellulose. This layer of adsorbent is known as the stationary phase. After the sample has been applied on the plate, a solvent or solvent mixture is drawn up the plate via capillary action (known as the mobile phase).

Ever stay up late studying for a test or exam and wake up exhausted? Or just experienced a long day and need an extra boost? Many people believe caffeine is the answer to anyone’s drained state of being. Healthline.com explains that, “Caffeine reaches your brain quickly and acts as a central nervous system stimulant.” Caffeine is commonly referred to the most widely used drug on the planet, so the next question is which caffeine-filled product is the most efficient? It is widely debated whether energy drinks or coffee can provide the best balance of caffeine, flavor, and other ingredients, but after researching, I have come to conclude coffee is superlative in all aspects.

The article explains how consuming caffeine products can be effortless because they are found in the simplest forms such as, candy, energy drinks, and gums (1). Therefore, making it easy to intake an excess amount of caffeine which can create health issues. In result, an in-home test was created where caffeine can be easily detected in beverages and pharmaceuticals, hence, for children and nursing mothers. The test will report shades of pink depending on the levels of caffeine that is present because of iodonitrotetrazolium chloride detector. Though, the title mirrors the foundation of the work in complex terms, the audience reading the article will need supplementary background on the scientific terms being used. Such as, ‘Pseudomonas sp.

In this project the effects that different caffeine levels have on human urinary pH have been tested. The hypothesis, If the amount of caffeine in beverages increases then the pH of urine will decrease when the pH of urine is a function of caffeine levels, was the basis of this experiment. Three test subjects consumed three different caffeinated beverages, each with different caffeine levels, including Monster Energy Zero Ultra, Dunkin’ Donuts Hazelnut Iced Coffee, and Diet Dr. Pepper. The Monster had a caffeine level of 70 mg per 8 fluid ounce serving. The Diet Dr. Pepper had the lowest caffeine content with 60 mg per 20 fluid ounce serving. The iced coffee had the highest caffeine level with 279 mg per 24 fluid ounce serving. Test subjects

It has been estimated that almost half of 18-24 year olds in Australia have consumed AmEDs and 10% consume them weekly. 90% of adults, 83% of 13-17 year olds and 63% of 6-12 year olds consume caffeine daily. Caffeine is naturally occurring in drinks such as coffee and tea, as well as in foods such as chocolate, but it is also a food additive in carbonated beverages and energy drinks (Catherine W. Striley and Shivani R. Khan Purpose,

Of these eleven listed energy drinks and energy shots, four provide the actual caffeine content on the nutrition label of the can (Red Bull, No Fear, Rip-It, and SK Energy), but many provide the consumer with the broad term energy blend, which gives the consumer little to no useful information except for a broad amount of the combined ingredients within that energy blend. Table 2 (below) provides a detailed overview of the ingredient make up. There are many brands of energy drinks available in the world today that hold a vast array of caffeine within. These energy drinks come in a variety of many sizes as well. Energy drinks are hypothesized to hold a higher content of caffeine than any other caffeinated drink tested and will be the unhealthiest option for an energy source. The results of the experiment will be ranked in order based on the caffeine content for each drink. Through this experiment, the outcomes of consuming energy drinks such as their health effects and risks associated with consumption will be evaluated. The worst type of energy drink in the world is predicted to be the more recent energy shot. Energy shots are believed to hold more health effects and risks because it is such a small dosage that is being consumed in such a short time frame. Energy shots are also believed to hold a much higher caffeine level than any other caffeinated drink. A 2-ounce energy shot can easily exceed the FDA approved level of caffeine intake per day and can also hold up to the same amount of caffeine as a 16-ounce energy drink if not

Over 150 years after it was first discovered, Caffeine, the bitter, toxic powder is the most consumed beverage in the world second only to water. Since that time many caffeinated products have reached the market, none more popular than energy drinks; Unfortunately, rules regarding this segment of the beverage industry have been lax and inadequate. Caffeine’s pharmaceutical properties have been used to treat reputed ailments, but its addictive, psychotropic properties and the lack of legislative control have led to caffeine overdoses, severe illnesses, and death warranting stricter regulation.

Ninety percent of people use caffeine in some form in the world. Most of us consume it every day but how much do we really know about caffeine. Caffeine is an alkaloid compound in which pure form is odorless and bitter in taste. It comes front a plant product most commonly found in coffee beans, cocoa, tea, and chocolate. Caffeine is also found in some prescription and nonprescription drugs. It is considered the most commonly used psychoactive drug used in the world. After you ingest caffeine it is completely absorbed in your body within thirty to forty five minutes. It’s naturally found in certain leaves, beans, and fruits of over sixty plants worldwide. Just to give you an idea of just how much caffeine you may be consuming on a daily basis. A single

Coffee urine osmolality followed the same trend as control urine osmolality by remaining constant with increasing post-consumption time. Soda urine osmolality differed from control urine osmolality and soda urine osmolality by decreasing with post-consumption time. Also, soda urine osmolality was lower than both control urine osmolality and coffee urine osmolality at all collections times. Coffee heart rate followed same trend of control heart rate by generally decreasing with post-treatment time. Soda heart rate differed from control heart rate and coffee heart rate by increasing with post-consumption time. Coffee heart rate was significantly higher than both control heart rate and soda heart rate 30 minutes after treatments. Soda heart rate was higher than control heart rate and coffee heart rate at 60 minutes and 90 minutes after treatments. These results are important to our understanding of the effect of caffeine on the human

In this experiment, the effectiveness of an extraction process and purification process by sublimation is observed and used to selectively separate caffeine from teabags. In the first part of the experiment, water soluble materials, including caffeine, within the teabags are extracted into hot water because the solubility of caffeine in water increases as temperature increases. This is due to the concept that increasing kinetic energy through increasing temperature will allow the molecules in the solute to break apart from the intermolecular interactions more effectively. Afterwards, the solution was filtered using a Buchner funnel to remove any solids from the liquid solution containing the caffeine. Then, the solution is allowed to cool before the caffeine to be extracted from the water by using methylene chloride, sodium chloride, and anhydrous sodium sulfate as part of a liquid-liquid extraction work up. Specifically, this liquid-liquid extraction distributes the caffeine into two solvents, methylene chloride and water, which are insoluble and immiscible to each other. By using density, solubility, and polarity differences of a solute in a pair of solvents, the organic compound of interest can be transferred from one liquid phase to the other during an extraction. Since the two solvents used are insoluble and immiscible to each other, two layers, the organic layer and the aqueous layer, will form and can be extracted to obtain the caffeine. Since caffeine is nonpolar,

Coffee contains many different molecules that are usually formed during the roasting process, also known as the brewing process. The essential component in coffee is caffeine. Caffeine is a major component of coffee that provides the majority of it in a US diet (Einöther & Giesbrecht, 2012). An average 8 oz. of coffee would contain between 100-180 mg of caffeine depending on the coffee bean and type of roast used. In comparison to decaffeinated drinks, an 8 ounce cup contains significantly lower milligrams of caffeine which is about 5 to 15 mg. (Patil, Lavie, & O’Keefe, 2011). In addition to caffeine, coffee also contains “chlorogenic” acid that can help reduce blood sugars of those people with Type II Diabetes. (Van Dam & Feskens, 2002) Therefore since the active ingredients in coffee are caffeine and chlorogenic acid, then one can now analyze next the health benefits of the consumption of coffee.