Personality Psychology EXAM 1 PART ONE: SHORT ANSWERS 1. Is being accurate the same as being reliable? Is it the same as valid? Being accurate is a measurement of how close data is to its real value. An accurate result is true (most real) to its real value. It differs from being reliable. Reliability is the measurement of consistency in results each time a test is repeated. For instance, if one is able to get the same results during an assessment more than once then the measurement is more than likely reliable. Validity on the other hand is the extent to which a test measures what it is designed to measure. 2. Describe briefly an example of how you can tell a person is stuck in each of Freud’s stages of development. ➢ Oral stage: There are two personality types related to a person stuck at the oral stage. One is the oral receptive personality type, when one is suggestible, gullible and dependent of others. They are also interested in receiving information, acquiring material goods, and are fond of sweets, smoking and oral sex. The second type of personality a person stuck in the oral stage may have is the oral-aggressive type. Those who fall under this type are orally aggressive in their relationships with others. They can be referred to as put down artists and have a sarcastic, argumentative behavior. ➢ Anal stage: The anal-retentive personality type delays final satisfactions to the last possible moment and shows orderliness, stinginess, and stubbornness, a
Knights and Samurai are Far More Alike than They are Different Europe and Japan are 5,313 miles away from one another and their warriors at the time were very similar. The similarities between the two started out by both empires falling and then they both developed feudalism. I think it’s crazy that they two empires so far apart can be so similar, not only their empires but those who protect them. In this essay I will discuss the feudal system,military similarities, and their feelings about death.
The D personality trait – The high dominant behavior style presents a challenge in that he/she tends to operate in a fast paced manner which is totally the opposite of the high “S” counselor. Communication with the impatient controller is a challenge for the “S” counselor until empathy and listening skills begin to emerge. Generally patient, submissive, and quietly reflective, the approach in therapy would be to assist the counselee to choose a solution focused goal for the problem
pists reveal little personally/little reactions=transference of repressed issues with others onto therapist beginning issues to light)…listen, learn, interpret…intense & long (expect psychodynamic therapy)…Transference & Countertransference=useful in group work…Brief Psychodynamic Therapy (BPT) & Time Limited Dynamic Psychotherapy (TLDP)
Apart from the features mentioned above, the core assumption of the psychoanalytic perspective is that a person’s personality depends on childhood experiences. In this psychosexual development theory, Freud assumed that all children go through five stages. These are the oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage and genital stage. He believed that a fixation would occur if a child experienced extreme problems or pleasure. (Eysenck, 1994)
Hi, it’s Jacob again, and I’m about to time travel back to the past again. Today I will be going back to ancient Sparta, more specifically to the battle of Thermopylae. This time I will be taking the shape of a Spartan soldier. I’m hoping that I will get the chance to fight beside king Leonidas. I won’t find out here, let’s go.
This personality can make the person display unusual arrogance, lack of empathy as well as absolute need fro admiration that can be seen in the way they carry out their duties at work and generally how they would like to be perceived in a relationship.
Instinctively, the ethics concerning secrecy appears more appropriate for evaluating the issue regarding McKenzie’s desire for keeping the details of their conversation a secret; however, sexual misconduct, sexual violations, abuse, and molestation are dangerous secrets to maintaining. Especially considering minors are allegedly involved and the occurrences are said to have occurred on church property. Since McKenzie confided in Joannie as a member does with a minister concerning matters that possibly affect the church this matter is being analyzed within an organizational context. Joannie is a minister and employee of the church which is considered a religious organization under the 501c(3) tax code. Assuming this incident is taking place
Many people believe Freud engaged in sexual abuse of children as a part of his studies. His studies on the theories of personality are based upon five stages of development in a child from birth until adulthood. All the theories are centered on specific erogenous zones or particular body parts that are sensitive to sexual stimulation (Stevenson, 1996). Needs, as noted by Freud, which need to be met during each of these stages of development are present from the moment of birth. If the needs are not met or if the needs are overly met, the child will experience frustration or overindulgence issues (Stevenson, 1996). In addition to the issues of frustration or overindulgence, should the child become fixated upon a particular stage the methods the child uses to obtain satisfaction for that stage will affect the child throughout adulthood (Stevenson, 1996).
Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2009). Theories of Personality (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
The Type C personality is formed by a number of attributes drawn from Type A and B personalities (Schafer, 2000). Individuals with the Type C personality encounter challenges head-on with success and vitality. Several qualities exhibited by Type Cs include their inspiring self, optimism, impulsive nature, and their vigilant focus (Schafer, 2000). The Type C model, developed by Robert and Marilyn Kriegel (1990, as cited in Schafer, 2000), categorises three patterns; challenge, confidence, and control, which closely resemble the three Cs of the hardy characteristic discussed below.
The personality assessment inventory tests provide results on my individual personality, values, motivation, decision making, communication, team skills, conflict skills, organizational structure preference, and stress. These results are broken down briefly in three parts and do not include any personal speculation or analysis as to their meaning. The application of these results are further applied and explains how the results noted from the tests and in the first step will make me a better employee, co-worker, and manager within my organization. These tests mentioned above are applied in conjunction with particular examples on how I can achieve becoming a better employee, co-worker, and manager. An explanation of how my personality and experiences were affected by the Holy Spirit is also discussed. Particularly, how potential weaknesses have become strengths with the guidance of the Lord.
a. According self tests using the Five Factor Model, my personality has low extraversion and emotional stability, a high degree of openness, and moderate levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Low extraversion is demonstrated in both professional and social envionments. While working a corporate job as a financial analyst, taking the time and initiative to interact with coworkers beyond the scope of the job was limited to a brief conversation once a day with the same two people. In large social gatherings, interactions are limited to familiar people with whom I have pre-existing friendships. If I attend a concert by myself, I will bring a book to read in between musical acts to prevent people from speaking to me. Low emotional
Validity refers to that measuring tool or approaches can accurately measure things needed to be measured. It can be considered as an extent that measured results reflect investigative contents. Measured results more tend to be identical, validity will be higher, vice versa. Guba and Lincoln (1981) argued that whole social research must include invalidity in order to acquire worthwhile data within both the rationalistic paradigm (quantitative research) and naturalistic paradigm (qualitative research). Some factors can determine the level of validity, which include bias, construct
People who have this usually have the “Type A” personalities, which are people who are too competitive, very aggressive, impatient, and always in a rush (Miller and Smith, n.d.).
There are many definitions and theories regarding personality. Though there isn’t one specific definition that is acceptable for all the different personality theories, I believe that personality is the outward expression of ones beliefs, morals, and emotions; each of which define and differentiate an individual. Personality is seen to be a pattern of somewhat permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and distinctiveness to a person's behavior. Learning about the different theorist’s and their work has allowed me to broaden my horizon’s regarding my opinions on the different theories. Though I find many aspects of the different theories applicable to ones personality, I also find points where I don’t necessarily agree with them in regards to ones personality.