Psychodynamic Theories

They proved that the kids’ observations of adults being violent, sent the message to children that that type of violence is okay. Consequently, the likelihood that a kid would respond to frustration with aggressive behavior was raised considerably. These findings led to more studies about aggression. Some years later, the same team decided to test how live models compared to video models in their ability to influence kids (live won) and they also tested reinforcement on the kids being aggressive or passive (found that more violence when rewarded for it, and less when

The purpose was to identify the mental processes that allowed some kids to restrain and others not so much. According to Mischel, “the key is to avoid thinking about it in the first place”. Which means if the kids were able to think about other things, distracting themselves from eating the marshmallow, they were most likely to succeed.

Burger (2008), says that there are many theories of personality and psychologists try to explain it with their own approaches. Discussed here will be the psychoanalytic approach, the trait approach, the biological approach the humanistic approach, the behavioural/social learning approach and the cognitive approach. They were devised to search for specific patterns in behaviour and ways of thinking about these

The psychodynamic approach founded by Sigmund Freud was a lot of our behavior, is determined by unconscious thoughts, memories. Freud developed the first complete theory of mind and is the founder of a series of techniques called psychoanalysis. This aims to explore the unconscious mind by using techniques, such as free association, dream interpretation etc. and then and be used treat abnormal behavior. Psychodynamic psychology ignores the aspects of science and instead focuses on trying to get inside the head of individuals to make logic of their relationships, experiences and how they see the world. (McLeod, 2007). Freud’s theories

Personality types are distinct pattern of personality characteristics used to assign people to categories (Gerrig 407). One of the elements of this theory is that if a person belongs to one type they cannot belong to any other. When the theory was first established it was believed that people could be grouped into four categories sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholy, and choleric. In the past it was believed that these were determined by fluids within the bodies such as blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. In today’s theory ones personality or temperament are

Each of the 3 portion id, ego, and superego are around a man modifying their brains and dealing with their mental qualities to adjust utilitarian feelings.

Freud also stated that personality has a built-in structure. Personalities have three different stages: ID, ego, and superego. These 3 stages of personality are developed as you age throughout life. The ID stage is developed at birth and is your instinct plus desire, meaning that you will do anything to have it. The ego stage is developed in your first year of life and is the realistic part and can relate back to ID stage. The last stage, which is superego, forms between the ages of 3 and 5 and is the social aspect of things (Furnham, 2017).

But when Walter Mischel sat down to do his literature review, he didn't find much support for the idea that personality is stable. "I expected to find that the assumptions would be justified," he says, "and then I started reading study after study that found that actually the data didn't support it."

This paper is a comparison of three different viewpoints on the subject of personality. Carl Jung, B.F. Skinner, and Carl Rogers all had very different outlooks on what defined someone’s personality. As an added feature I have included myself as a theorist because my views are also different from the previous mentioned theorists. This paper will also look briefly into the background of each theorist because their views on life began in their childhood. Amazingly you will notice the all had similar backgrounds, but came up with completely different ways of looking at life.

An experiment that explores the self- control in children. A way to test one’s willpower and the willingness to delay gratification in order to achieve a higher goal. These statements all fit into what Walter Mischel was trying to prove in his “Marshmallow Test.” This experiment was based on the effect marshmallows and other sweets have on children and their willpower when it comes to waiting to have it. With this purpose, the view of human nature that is felt presently, will change profoundly. The key to success comes from direct correlation of self-control and willpower because after all, “self- control is a central function of [understanding] the self” (Baumeister).

Croake (1975) argued the human being is a whole, not just parts. Then personality can only be expressed if we take into consideration all aspects of the human being. Adler (1982) pointed out that human nature of personality explains how heredity and environment cannot build an attitude related to life. Instead every person builds on individual experience. He affirmed that humans couldn’t be classified. Edgar (1996) explained the medical model does not apply to every person because everyone is unique, and when science tries to explain human mistakes by their genes we are categorizing human beings.

"[A nursery school teacher told me] her children were crudely bopping each other much more than previously, without provocation. When she remonstrated with them, they would protest, "But that 's what the Three Stooges do." This attitude did not signify a serious undermining of character. But it certainly showed me that watching violence can lower a child 's standards of behavior. Recent psychological experiments have shown that watching brutality stimulates at least slight cruelty in adults, too."

First of all we start off with the structure of personality, which consists of 3 systems: the id, the ego & superego. Each and individual has their own functions such as the id, it starts from a person who is at birth and driven by the pleasure principle. They will be out of awareness and demand for something to be done. (Snowden, 2010, p.126) Adding on to the next system is the ego that begins to develop after birth. It makes decisions, controls the actions and solving problem. Lastly

The psychodynamic approach to psychology is the study of human behaviour from the point of view of motivation and drives. The original beliefs of this approach were created by Sigmund Freud in the 1800s. Although it is now generally seen negatively in the common view, sometimes comically, it has provided the inspiration for a few of the current leading approaches to psychology.

In this view, personality is seen as having three different levels that are related to each