Ch. 4 Practice Problems 11, 14, & 18
11. List the five steps of hypothesis testing, and explain the procedure and logic of each.
The first step in testing hypotheses is to take the question at hand and turn it into a pair of theories that can be tested; the question is stated as a research hypothesis, and as a null hypothesis about the populations to be studied. The purpose behind this is to establish something to test the research hypothesis against, and essentially proving that the opposite of something is false is the same as proving that the thing is right. A prediction is made and then the polar opposite of the prediction is studied to ascertain its validity. If the null is proved wrong then the research hypothesis testing
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A researcher predicts that listening to music while solving math problems will make a particular area of the brain more active. To test this, a research participant has her brain scanned while listening to music and solving math problems, and the brain area of interest has a percentage signal change of 58. From many previous studies with the same math problems procedure (but not listening to music), it is known that the signal change in this brain area is normally distributed with a mean of 35 and a standard deviation of 10. (a) Using the .01 level, what should the researchers conclude? Solve this problem explicitly using all five steps of hypothesis testing, and illustrate your answers with a sketch showing the comparison distribution, the cutoff (or cutoffs), and the score of the sample on this distribution. (b) Then explain your answer to someone who has never had a course in statistics (but who is familiar with mean, standard deviation, and Z scores). The hypothesis testing process begins by forming a question about the topic at hand. In this case, “Does listening to music while doing math stimulate a certain region of the brain that is not affected when doing math without music?” This question is then turned into a pair of
The four testing categories used to verify the above lists are; Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, and Acceptance Testing.
I was working late, which is usual since I work at an outdoor theater. The show had just ended and the crew was changing the set over for the show being performed the next day. I was asked to run up to one of the storage containers and find some props from the previous year for another theater asking to borrow it. The lights only reach the larger, main room. I searched that area first. I went around the row of cars and 4 wheelers, but the box wasn’t there. The other side of the room had all of the Christmas decorations and a horse carriage, but I was unable to find the box I was looking for there either. The only place left to look was a small area in the back sectioned off by a boards nailed up into a makeshift room. A little light spilled through the door, but racks of costumes at the entrance absorbed all of the light. After fighting my way through the dusty clothes, I found myself in dark too thick to make out the boxes in front of me. The Wnad-Lighting Charm was perfect for my situation. I moved my wand in a single loop while saying “Lumos.” A soft yellow light was emanating from the wand. It wasn’t very bright, but it was sufficient enough to read the labels on the boxes by. After a few minutes, I found the box I was looking for. I pulled out my leatherman and used the blade to cut the tape on the top of the box. On the top was the prop I was looking for. I pulled out the “magic” flowers and the remote that caused the blooms to open then made my way back to
e. Now for the same data, Test the hypothesis that the median value of the difference in weights before and after the dieting programme is non-existent. What is the name of this test? Also state what the symmetric CI for the median of the difference would be.
Select one (1) project from your working or educational environment that you would use the hypothesis test technique. Next, propose the hypothesis structure (e.g., the null hypothesis, data collection process, confidence interval, test statistics, reject or not reject the decision, etc.) for the business process of the selected project. Provide a rationale for your response.
I wanted to share with you the results from Mr. X’s last cognitive exam. The information detailed within may suggest further accommodations or steps concerning Mr. X’s ability to learn, especially in areas regarding retention, comprehension, attention and memory.
Create a research hypothesis tested using a one-tailed test and a research hypothesis tested using a two-tailed test.
The first step is to locate and define the problem or desired research issue. The second step is to formulate a hypothesis and decide which method of hypothesis testing should be conducted such as exploratory research, descriptive research, or causal research. The third step is to collect data as primary of secondary such as surveys, observations or rely on other methods such as the census. The forth step is to
How can you explain to the farmer that it is possible to draw these two different conclusions from the same data? (2 marks) (f) Calculate the p-value for the hypothesis tests in parts (b) and (d). How might knowing this value improve the explanation given to the farmer in part (e)? (4 marks) Hint: Think about the definition of the p-value and how this might let you provide a more concise and specific response to the farmer’s concerns
2) Compute the standard deviation for each of the four samples. Does the assumption of .21 for the population standard deviation appear reasonable?
b. Explain, to a person who has never had a course in statistics, what you have done.
4. Drawing a Conclusion Once your experiment is finished, you analyze your data. Your hypothesis may or may not be correct. If your hypothesis is not supported, you may want to conduct further experiments to answer your question. 5.
There are four ideas to keep in mind when creating the null and alternative hypotheses :
Step three: Reach to the result on the basis of test either it can be rejecting or accept the hypothesis.
a) What would be a reasonable set of hypotheses (null and alternative) for this problem?