When we look around us, we may not recognize that statistics is all around. Before I began to take this course “Statistics for Managers” I was not aware of how statistics actually worked. The first idea that came to my mind about statistics was probability. Not knowing statistics and probability are related because they both determine a possible outcome. Throughout this course I have learned what statistics is and how it works. In this paper, I will describe descriptive and inferential statistics, hypothesis developing and testing, the selection of statistical tests, and how to evaluate statistical results in analyzing data. Let’s say we are interested in measuring depression in women after having a child. There are 11 study participants …show more content…
According to the textbook, “Statistics for managers” Analysis of variance allows for one test to make comparisons between any numbers of groups so that there is just one probability for alpha error. Tanner, D. E., & Youssef–Morgan, C. M. (2013). However, ANOVA allows one to determine whether the differences between the samples are simply due to sampling error or whether there are effects that causes the mean in one group to differ from the mean in another. Often times, ANOVA is used to compare the equality of three or more means. For example, we will use the ANOVA to determine do TABE scores differ for low, middle, and high-income children? The effect size is also a part of ANOVA. The effect size is the main finding of a quantitative study. While a P value can inform the reader whether an effect exists, the P value will not reveal the size of the effect. Sullivan, Feinn, G. …show more content…
The chi-square tests were developed by Karl Pearson— the "Pearson Correlation" There are two chi-square procedures discussed in this class. Both of them have two names. The first is called the goodness-of-fit chi-square test, or alternatively the 1 × k (said "one by kay") chi-square. Tanner, D. E., & Youssef–Morgan, C. M. (2013). A chi-square goodness of fit test allows us to test whether hypothesized proportions differ from the observed proportions for a categorical variable. In other words, the chi-square test tells us whether there is a large difference between expected and collected numbers. After testing to see if there is a large difference will tells us if there is something causing a significant change. If it is a large difference we will reject the null hypothesis. Moreover, if the scores are too close they are the same. To use the number we find, we refer to the degrees of freedom, usually labeled as df for short, and is defined for the chi-square as the number of categories minus 1. Due to the nature of the chi-square test, you will always use the number of categories minus 1 to find the degrees of freedom. The reason this is done is because there is an assumption that your sample data is biased, and this helps shift your scores to allow for
SC placed call to Pa’s CG and friend Teresa Lim and for monitoring phone call because none of the numbers on file for Pa was in working order. She reported that the Pa is doing well and is taking a break from radiation and chemo. She Provided the SC with Pa’s new phone numbers. SC asked about Pa’s service and Teresa reported that the Pa is receiving her PAS service specified in her care plan. Teresa reported that the Pa is happy with her current service and do wish to make any changes right now. The Pa is satisfied with her services and feels they are meeting her needs. No falls, hospitalizations, changes in health status or medications were reported. The SC end call with Teresa and place call to Pa via language line interpreter Michelle. The
I was working late, which is usual since I work at an outdoor theater. The show had just ended and the crew was changing the set over for the show being performed the next day. I was asked to run up to one of the storage containers and find some props from the previous year for another theater asking to borrow it. The lights only reach the larger, main room. I searched that area first. I went around the row of cars and 4 wheelers, but the box wasn’t there. The other side of the room had all of the Christmas decorations and a horse carriage, but I was unable to find the box I was looking for there either. The only place left to look was a small area in the back sectioned off by a boards nailed up into a makeshift room. A little light spilled through the door, but racks of costumes at the entrance absorbed all of the light. After fighting my way through the dusty clothes, I found myself in dark too thick to make out the boxes in front of me. The Wnad-Lighting Charm was perfect for my situation. I moved my wand in a single loop while saying “Lumos.” A soft yellow light was emanating from the wand. It wasn’t very bright, but it was sufficient enough to read the labels on the boxes by. After a few minutes, I found the box I was looking for. I pulled out my leatherman and used the blade to cut the tape on the top of the box. On the top was the prop I was looking for. I pulled out the “magic” flowers and the remote that caused the blooms to open then made my way back to
Wednesday: Sitting in Campbell's office, Anna pictures how her funeral would be like if not that many people would attend unlike Kate's funeral. While thinking, Campbell receives a call from Anna's mother stating that Anna has changed her mind on sueing her. Listening to the call, Anna declares that that is a false statement.
Week Seven Homework Exercise Answer the following questions, covering material from Ch. 13 of Methods in Behavioral Research Define inferential statistics and how researchers use inferential statistics to draw conclusions from sample data. According to Cozby (2009) inferential statistics are used to determine whether we can in fact make statements that the results reflect what would happen if we were to conduct the experiment again and again with multiple samples Define probability and discuss how it relates to the concept of statistical significance. Probability is the possible that an outcome of an experience or an event will occur (Cozby 2009) Statistical significant and probability are one in the same. A researcher is studying the
Please complete these process notes as soon as possible after your session. Answer as honestly as possible. Give the completed form to your supervisor, so that you can discuss your reactions to the session.
The episode starting with Sam hallucinating that he was in bed with Toni. I believe that Sam would rather endure both his feet being burned then lose control of his mind. When he became lucid you could feel his pain and humiliation at giving Toni any answers. Sam looked so relieved to see Dean alive his entire demeanor changed. When Mary appeared you could see Sam’s surprise and wonder.
• Provide at least two examples or problem situations in which statistics was used or could be used.
I wanted to share with you the results from Mr. X’s last cognitive exam. The information detailed within may suggest further accommodations or steps concerning Mr. X’s ability to learn, especially in areas regarding retention, comprehension, attention and memory.
This week was a busy week, my Supervisor gave me several tasks to finish for this week.
The writer Paul addresses the Galatians, "Therefore do not be foolish, but understand what the Lord's will is. and he goes on to explain to them, "Don't be drunk with wine, because that will ruin your life. Instead be filled with the Holy Spirit. The scripture also tells us to, "Cast all your anxiety upon him, because he cares for you. Be sober-minded and alert. Your advisary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. Resist him, standing firm in your faith and in the knowledge that your
Counseling uses two types of assessment to get a better understanding of their clients which are testing and diagnosis. Clients have the privilege to understand the purpose of what an assessment process involves and counselors are responsible to maintain the security test that they use and the proper supervision for the test-taking process (Remley & Herlihy, 2014, p.289). Chapter 11 discusses the dynamics of using psychological tests when assisting to resolve clients’ problems.
In a quantitative analysis the interest is more likely to compare means or variances; whereas, a qualitative experiment with two outcomes is more likely to focus on success or failure. When comparing the means of two or more groups these populations can both or all be independent and the expectation is to determine the reason for a difference in the means—this would deliver a result where the means are other than zero. The typical assumption is that there will be a normal distribution and that a random sample is collected for each of the populations. Another characteristic of comparing means of two or more groups is that when standard deviation is known or unknown and the population sample is large, then a z distribution (z-test) is used and in the case where it is unknown and the sample size is small, then a t distribution (t-test) is used. However, in the case where the experiment calls for a test of two or more dependent samples for one group or population, then a paired t-test is used to draw results (Lind, Marchal, & Wathen, 2011).
2. In testing the difference between two means from two independent populations, the sample sizes do not have to be equal to be able to use the Z statistic. true
Analysis of variance is a statistical method used to test differences between two or more means. ANOVA is used to test general rather than specific differences among means. An ANOVA conducted on a design in which there is only one factor is called a one-way ANOVA. The One-Way ANOVA is considered an omnibus test because it indicates whether or not there are any significant differences in the means between any of the groups. However, it does not indicate which mean are different. The One-way ANOVA compares the means of the samples or groups to make inferences about the population means. The one-way ANOVA, two kinds of variables: independent and dependent. Also, the one-way ANOVA is used to determine whether there are any statistically
Research statistical data in a business context that requires a decision. Use probability concepts to formulate a decision.