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Prostaglandin D2: A Case Study

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DISCUSSION
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common worldwide problem. It is manifested by progressive hair loss in scalp hair, and has specific patterns of hair loss in women versus men, but central scalp is most severely affected (Varothai and Bergfeld , 2014).
In Androgenetic alopecia there is conversion of circulating androgens into dihydrotestosterone within the hair follicle (Sadighha and Zahed, 2009).
The bioactivity of Lipids in the skin in health and disease is unexplored. Prostaglandin D2 has been identified to be elevated in the bald scalp of men with AGA and it decreases hair lengthening (Nieves and Garza, 2014).
Prostaglandin D2 is a major cyclooxygenase product generated by activated mast cells. Other possible cellular …show more content…

Prostaglandin D2 receptors are in the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. Early reports are consistent with receptor's localization withen among other areas to the upper and lower outer root sheath region as well as the dermal papilla. Therefore the location of receptors is appropriate to imaging a functional importance for hair follicle activity (Colombe et al., 2008).
Prostaglandin D2 might explain sebaceous hyperplasia in AGA. Although controversial, PGD2 and its non-enzymatic break down product 15-deoxy-delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 are published as ligands for PPARgamma. PPARgamma is a known master transcription factor for adipose development and also supports sebaceous gland function. Therefore it is tempting to consider that the high levels of PGD2 might explain the dramatic increase in sebaceous gland size in AGA (Trivedi et al., 2006).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of PGD2 in androgenetic alopecia patients, in order to evaluate its possible role in this hair …show more content…

Also, (Oztuk et al.,2014) reported that there was a strong correlation between BMI and severity of AGA.
There has been no study on the correlation between BMI and PGD2 level. The study of Garza et al.,(2012) didn't correlate BMI with local production of PGD2. Prostaglandin D2 locally produced inside bald scalp should be correlated with BMI to better elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia.
In our study, there was a negative strong correlation between the serum level of PGD2 and the duration of androgenetic alopecia.
This could be explained by the results of (Springer et al.,2003) who reported that AGA increased with prolonged duration of the disease due to androgen exposure shortens hair follicle anagen phase as men with increased androgen levels and women with increased 5 reductase enzyme. Affected hair become shorter, finer, less pigmented and progresses with each successive cycle related to higher dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

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