The first thing I would like to do here is define the difference between probation and parole. Probation, as defined by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is court-ordered period of correctional supervision in the community, generally as an alternative to incarceration. In some cases, it can be a combined sentence of incarceration followed by a period of community supervision. Parole, is period of conditional supervised release in the community following a prison term. It includes parolees released through discretionary or mandatory supervised release from prison, those released through other types of post-custody conditional supervision, and those sentenced to a term of supervised release. The next item to address is the period of reporting and available information. The latest official statistics I was able to find in regards to this topic are from 2015 – revised in February 2017 by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in their Probation and Parole in the United States, 2015 product. …show more content…
The BJS highlighted several interesting key findings: 1) approximately 1 in 53 adults in the United States was under community supervision at yearend 2015 (concerning finding – what does that say about our society?); 2) parole entries increased for the first time in seven years. Parole exits increased for the first time in six years; 3) placement onto probation decreased from an estimated 2,065,800 entries in 2014 to 1,966,100 in 2015; 4) adult parole population increased by 12,800 from yearend 2014 to yearend 2015, to an estimated 870,500 offenders; 5) probation exits declined from 2,129,100 in 2014 to 2,043,200 in 2015 while exits from parole increased from 450,800 in 2014 to 463,700 in
The need to control the outcome of one’s life and surrounding environment is a human trait that occurs for a variety of reasons and situations in life, ranging from trivial to extremely serious. For Hester Prynne and Tarwater, their life situations fall on the very serious side of the spectrum. Hester, after being released from the physical prison of her town, must face the judgments of her fellow townspeople and the consequences of her sin in regards to her status in the town. Following Tarwater’s escape from his prison, Old Man Tarwater’s house, Tarwater finally confronts the harsh 5truth about his fate as a prophet and his family. In both cases, there is uncertainty regarding the outcomes of their lives. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and The Violent Bear It Away, by Flannery O’Connor, in an attempt to assert control over the long-term outcomes, both Hester and Tarwater leave their prisons with an outward exhibition of confidence and a need to control their environment, despite their internal fears, in an effort to influence the surrounding people, and their opinions; however, these displays of tenacity produce differing results for the two characters, as Hester’s plan is successful and Tarwater’s plan is not.
Within a century ago, juveniles justice system were created because of the unspeakable acts of kids learned in adult jails when placed in that interment. when juveniles are placed with adult prisoners , the juveniles return to the community as a more knowledgable criminal.
When completing their assessments, many of referrals are received by the organization and the parole officers must initiate contact with the offender, their family, and law enforcement. Then they must conduct work, school, and home visits to gather any additional information. If a crime was suspected or even committed, they initiate contact with reporter or victim to obtain more information to help them handle the case. Depending on the situation, they may need to determine specific employment, developmental, or financial needs. During the assessment, they also gather information regarding mental health, substance use, gang activity, education, and criminal history.
Parole is the release of a prisoner by the decision of a paroling authority (Mackenzie, 2002). The offender is then required to remain under the observation of a parole officer who monitors the offender 's obedience with rules of conduct that are imposed by the parole board (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually regarded as a back-end program that works in conjunction with the community (Mackenzie, 2002). Parole is actually similar to probation in that it follows a term of incarceration (Mackenzie, 2002). There are specific conditions which parole can be applied. Violations of these rules may result in re-imprisonment forced to return to prison to serve out the length of their original sentence from the date of release (Mackenzie, 2002). There are currently over five million people who are being supervised by the criminal justice system in the United States (Bureau of
Both jail and prison offer some type of early released programs, in this case probation and parole will briefly be discussed. Probation is a prison sentence that is suspended on the condition that the offender follow certain prescribed rules and commit no further crime (Seiter, 2008). Parole is similar to probation except that it is after a period of incarceration, which involved determinate and indeterminate sentencing (Seiter, 2008). The other types of prison sentencing include mandatory minimums, three-strike laws, and truth-in-sentencing (Wilson, 2001). The only difference is that a parole board allows convicts to serve the remainder of their term in society under supervision and strict limitations (Wilson, 2001). In summary both jails and prisons should strive to provide as much educational, health, and counseling opportunities as possible to reduce the likelihood of recidivism. Second, funding for the jail and prison systems will be briefly discussed.
Probation is a type of sentence for criminal defendants. Probation allows a convicted defendant to go free with a suspended sentence for a specified duration during good behavior. Probationers are placed under the supervision of a probation officer and must fulfill certain conditions. If the probationer violates a condition of probation, the court may place additional restrictions on the probationer or order the probationer to serve a term of imprisonment. Probation is normally for offenders sentenced to short terms in jail: it is not combined with a long prison sentence. legal dictionary)
The correctional population was nearing seven million at the end of 2015, of those, there were over four and a half million individuals on probation or parole (Kaeble & Glaze, 2016). The correctional population as a whole has decreased since 2008, including a decline of over one million on community supervision. An abolishment of probation and parole within the United States would result in the inability to house offenders.
In 2015, America had four times the number of prisoners since 1980, roughly from 500,000 to 2.2 million people. The United States today is five percent of the world population, yet it holds twenty-five percent of the world’s prisoners. 4.5 million people are on probation or parole in the US. Altogether, there is a total of about 6.8 million people under some form of correctional control. If one were to combine the number of people in prison and jail with those who are under parole or probation supervision, it would amount to one in every thirty-five adults, which is 2.8 percent of the correctional control population.
Capital punishment should be viewed as the stripping away of humanity from a person. The death penalty itself should be "executed" because of racial inequities, the concept of murder, the possibility of error, lack of deterrence, the cost, and an overwhelmed legal system. "The goal of capital punishment is revenge" (Introduction 1). Capital punishment is simply an outlet for the bloodlust of the American people (Introduction 1).
Nearly six decades later, six states had passed laws regarding probation. By 1910, “thirty-two more states had passed legislation establishing juvenile probation” (Probation Historical Roots, 2013). Twenty years later, forty-nine out of fifty states had a juvenile probation law (Probation Historical Roots, 2013). Today, as defined by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, “probation refers to adult offenders whom courts place on supervision in the community through a probation agency, generally in lieu of incarceration” (Community Corrections (Probation and Parole),
Judicial discretion was prevalent over the first half of the last three decades, but has been regulated by legislature since 1984. Discretion by definition is the authorization of deciding as one thinks fit, absolutely or within limits (Ntanda, 1999). Indeterminate sentencing, traditionally, has afforded judges considerable discretion over the resolve of criminal sentencing. “While such discretion theoretically allows judges to tailor sentences to the circumstances of individual crimes and criminals, thereby achieving a sort of ex post fairness, it also permits variation in sentences that may not be warranted by the observable facts of the case, reflecting instead the judge’s own preferences” (Miceli, 2008, p.207). The punishment
Probation is one of the least restrictive penalties among the alternatives confronting a sentencing judge. Probation is the conditional release of an individual by the court after he has been found guilty of the crime charged. In the case of probation then, the individual has not been sentenced to prison, although he may, in fact, have
Introduction In Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, the gender roles have been changed to some extend. Men are no longer full of male chauvinism and be the dominator of women, at meantime, females turn into so called ‘New Women’, which means they are more open-minded and are not enslaved by traditional love and marriage concepts. This perspective can mainly be proved by the personalities of the male and female characters Hemingway built in his novel. Body Paragraph 1
The purpose of this research paper is to discuss about Parole and Probation in America. The paper is going to focus on the past, present and future of parole and probation. This paper includes discussion of Parole and Probation Officers, as well as why some states so longer utilize parole, including Florida. This paper will also include personal input about the topic.
Parole was first put into place in the early part of the 20th century as a means of cutting incarceration costs. To put it simply, it costs less to supervise a person in the community than it does to pay for the cost of imprisonment. The savings is also apparent in the community in which the paroled offender is supervised. Many parolees must take part in community service which costs the community less than contracting for the same services (i.e., litter abatement, highway grass maintenance, etc.). Effective parole can lead to successful rehabilitation for the offender (American Probation and Parole Association,