Principles Of Physiology Health And Social Care

This tissue covers the whole surface of the body and is specialised to form the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces. The bottom layers of the cells are attached to the basement membrane for support and connection. Endothelium is an epithelial tissue that occurs on surfaces on the interior of the body. There are nerve

Epithelial are the lining of internal and external surfaces and body cavities, including tubes/channels (ducts) carrying secretions from glands. Epithelial tissues can be made of several layers of cells (called compound epithelia), or a single layer known as simple epithelia. The lowest layer of cells is attached to the basement membrane for support and connection. Part of the basement

Muscle tissue - Muscle cells are the contractive tissue of body that produce force and cause motion within internal organs. Muscle tissue is separated into three different categories: visceral or smooth muscle that are located in the inner linings of organs and skeletal

The second type of tissue found in the body is connective tissue. They lie beneath the epithelial tissue helping to connect different part of the internal structure, the cells are more widely separated from each other then in epithelial tissue. The intercellular substance known as the matrix is found in considerably large amounts. Within the matrix there are usually fibres which may be a jelly like consistency or dense and rigid depending on the type, function and positioning of the tissue. Theses fibres form a supporting system for cells to attach to. The major functions of connective tissue are to transport materials, give structural support and protection. The types of connective tissue that will be explained are blood, bone, cartilage, bone, areolar tissue and adipose tissue.

The skeletal system is made up of bones and joints. Bones are a dry dense tissue that is composed of calcium phosphorous and organic matter. The bones are protected and covered by a layer of fibrous connective tissue membrane called the periosteum (Brown, et al., 2015, p. 1547). There are two basic types of bone tissue: Compact Bone and Spongy Bone. Compact bones are dense smooth bones, while Spongy bones are composed of small needle-like pieces of bones and open space. Bones are then categorised according to the shape of the bone into four groups: long, short, flat and irregular. Long bones characteristically are typically longer then they are wide and generally have a shaft with heads at either ends e.g. the humerus. They are mainly compact bones. Short bones

consists of biological systems, that consist of organs, that consist of tissues, that consist of cells

Neurons are what send nerve impulses from one part of the nervous system to the other. Neuroglia is the “glue” that holds the neurons together. (Campbell, 2016). There are multiple parts of the neuron that help to transmit the impulses. A neuron includes the cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, and axon ending. The main portion is the cell body which holds the nucleus or DNA of the cell (Boeree, 2009). Dendrites receive the message from other neurons while axons carry the impulse to another neuron. The myelin sheath serves as insulation for the impulses so they can travel faster. The axon ending then sends the impulse on to another neuron and the process is completed for that impulse (Boeree, 2009). Nerve tissue helps to run the nervous system and the impulses sent in the body from neurons. All of the tissues of the body work together in order for the body to function and work as it

The human organism is a collective structural and functional integrated system. It consists of many components; chemicals, cells, tissues, organs and systems. Atoms being the smallest unit of matter comprise the cell. Cells are the basic structural and functional units that build the body.

The human muscular system is made up of over 600 connecting muscles. All of the muscles work together in sync to make your body move in inumerable different ways.

4. Organ level- Organs are made up of different types of tissues. Organ is a discrete structure composed of at least two tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

Cartilage doesn’t contain any nerves or blood vessels and is surrounded by a layer of dense irregular connective tissue, the perichondrium (Marieb, 176). Bones contain various types of tissues which makes them organs. They are used for support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation (Marieb, 178-179).

The skeletal system includes the osseous tissues of the body and the connective tissues that stabilize or interconnect the individual bones. The bone is a dynamic tissue. Throughout the lifespan, bone adjusts to the physiologic and mechanical demands placed on it by the processes of growth and remodeling.

The body is started by a singular cell called the zygote cell; it contains all the essential factors for human development. The zygote cell subdivides into many smaller cells through the process mitosis. Cells are made up of plasma membrane which encloses organelles. Organelles are small organs which have individual and specialised functions. All cells with the exception of red blood cells have a nucleus, the nucleus is the largest organelle and contains the body’s genetic material. Cells are the body’s smallest functional units, grouped together they form body tissue. There are four main tissues in the body, epithelium

The epithelial tissue covers inner and outer layer/surface of the body, e.g. the stomach, or blood lines, vessels and the lung.

The human body consist of 10 biological systems that perform specific functions for everyday living. The function of the circulatory system is to move nutrients, blood, oxygen, hormones and carbon dioxide. It consists of the heart, blood, blood vessels, arteries and veins. The human body is everything that makes up, well, you.” The basic parts of the human body are the head, neck, torso, arms and legs.” (Rachael Rettner, 2016) Anatomy describes structures, organs, muscles, bones etc. which are visible to the naked eye, that is macroscopic.