1. INTRODUCTION As a result of rapid industrialization and urbanization, there has been substantial increase in energy demand. The fossil fuel consumption has also been increased to great extent. But it’s over consumption is leading to various environmental issues like increased level of Carbon dioxide and various harmful gases in the environment and rise of Global Warming. So various approaches are being made to meet the world 's increasing demand of energy.in the recent years, there has been great development in the field of power generation from the alternative sources of energy. Renewable energy projects are becoming more popular. There are many renewable sources available for generating energy for-instance: Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Hydro Power, Marine/Ocean Energy, Geothermal Energy, Nuclear Energy, Bio-Fuel, and Tidal Power. But power generation using solar energy is gaining more importance as it is ecofriendly, needs low maintenance and has negligible noise and wear due to absence of mechanical parts. So photovoltaic systems are such project which converts the sun 's radiation into usable electricity and this report emphasizes on power can be transmitted from solar source to the required load by means of a DC-AC Converter and various operating principles of the converter used for photovoltaic systems are also discussed. 2. NEED FOR DC-AC CONVERTER It is basically a two stage topology which acts as an interface between the photovoltaic system and the power supply
Chapter 28 Descent into the Abyss: World War I and the Crisis of the European Global Order
the sun is a great and appendant source of energy, it's called solar energy. Solar panels were
Solar energy and its use isn’t new to the world. It has been used by various societies beginning from 7thCentury B.C, when the sun’s heat was concentrated by glass and mirrors to light fires. Today, we have everything from solar-powered buildings to solar-powered vehicles. By and large solar technology has some environmental, economic, psychological and ethical implications for our society. Actions taken by companies and individuals to increase the use of solar technology will create good local jobs, improve our environment and reduce our dependence on foreign oil while doing what’s ethical and moral for our society.
Commonly, renewable energy is defined as energy which is able to be captured from existing natural resources that are replenished rapidly, such as flowing water, sunshine, wind, geothermal heat flows and ocean [2]. Renewable energy technologies are required to provide technologies to use one or several renewable energy resources. There are some different types of renewable energy technologies, which include solar energy, bioenergy, hydropower, wind energy, geothermal energy and tidal energy. This thesis project will focus on the solar photovoltaic which is currently one of types of solar energy technologies, and this technology using photovoltaic cells to converts sunlight directly into electricity.Solar photovoltaic system can generate electricity from sunlight through using PV modules, and the system can be integrated into building designs, installed on rooftops, or large scale power plant. With the development of photovoltaic technologies, solar photovoltaic capacity has been increased from 3.7 GW (2004) to 177GW (2014) [3]. Figure 2 shows this change from 2004 to 2014, there is a big trend of increase in these years. The increase of PV capacity can reduce the carbon emission and provides more job opportunities. It also helps to reduce air pollution and make a friendly environment for living. One of the common PV system is
When most people are asked about their opinion of marijuana, not very many actually have a problem with the drug itself. The driving force behind their decision to be against marijuana is based mostly on the fact that it is illegal. TIME magazine held a poll on their website in which they asked their readers if marijuana should be legalized. Given that TIME’s website is not likely to be a full representation of ALL their readers, nor the rest of the people in the United States, an astonishing 80% of the poll agreed that the legalization of marijuana should be put into effect (St. Pierre 1). One philosopher who would probably side with this 80%
There are many types of alternative energy that are available and being used. One of these sources is solar power. Solar power is the fastest growing and most popular source of alternative energy. There are two processes of solar power that each depend on the nuclear fusion power from the core of the sun. The first process of solar power involves solar cells that depend on the photovoltaic effect to absorb photons and turn them into electrons. The other process involves mirrors or lenses that concentrate a large area of sunlight, or solar thermal energy onto a small area (Williams,"What Are the Different"). Solar power is used to generate light, heat homes, generate electricity, and used for air conditioning in
Basically, Photovoltaic (PV) panels use layers of silicone doped with other materials and sandwiched together to extract free electrons using sunlight. A dopant on one side of the panel generates a negative charge and on the other side a dopant generates a positive one. This creates an electric field and when sunlight passes through the panel it has the chance to knock an electron off an atom. Metal plates on the sides then collect these electrons, because of the potential from the electric field, and a current is generated which goes on to be converted to alternating current in an inverter and then used to power our homes (Dhar, 2013). Photovoltaic panels are ideal for any residential application because they require little to no maintenance as they have no moving parts, they can just be set up and run as much as necessary to supplement household power. Unfortunately though they only supply power when the sun is out so they would never be able to be the primary power source for a home. Commercially, thermal plants have the ability to produce large amounts of power in multiple phases and as technology improves it may soon even be able to run around the
A college student mindset is different than high school student. They must have a multiple initiative and active learning. It means that college students should be required to improve their knowledge, skills, networking and up to date follow the issues. All of that will supporting them to use They professional skill (they major) on their activity at campus or on their future career after graduate.
Since when it was determined that electricity could be generated from the sun, the power industry has taken slack for not considering it as a viable addition to their generation fleet. However, there are two facts that need to be remembered with respect to the power industry. The first thing to remember is that power has to be supplied to their customers regardless of the weather or the time of day. Secondly, power companies are just like any other company; they are in the business of making money. Because of those two facts, solar energy at its current technological state has no place in the power industry’s current generation fleet.
It is one of the cleanest sources without any emission of harmful gases and is in a great demand today. When these are converted to electricity for commercial as well as residential uses, there are no effects on the environment, no air pollution, noise pollution or any wastes. These can play a very important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by replacing coal-powered energy sources with clean, renewable solar technologies which improve air quality and lessen the harmful impacts that contribute to climate change. Residential solar gives the advantage of energy independence, fuel diversity, improved power reliability, increased price stability and reduced need to build more expensive and polluting electric power generation plants. The benefits of this are energy independence, protection against rising electrical rates, sound financial investment, reduce pollution and dependence on foreign oil. These benefits extend well and eliminate exposure to increasing energy costs and Solar power provides energy security. Photovoltaic (PV) power systems convert sunlight directly into electricity and enables homeowner to generate some or all of their daily electrical energy demand on their own roof, exchanging daytime excess power for future energy needs. It can plan an important role in providing an alternative source of electricity, energy, and back-up power for homes, offices, commercial and industrial buildings. Those who are putting solar on their homes, businesses or other buildings are making a
of renewable energy, solar energy, which converts sun energy directly to usable energy such as
Now-a-days the importance of electrical energy is very severe, that no one could live without it. In such a condition, in India and especially in southern India there is a great demand for electricity. This article refers to such a problem and also gives a solution .Moreover calculations based on the solar potential in India and the possibilities of constructing Solar Power Plants in India is also discussed here. Some methods for storing the huge potential of solar
emissions. It is interesting to point out that since 2005, CO2 emissions from power plants have already
meaning that we can get electricity from solar energy which is the sun. In Source A they talk
In addition, solar energy operational costs are manageable. It is free from monthly charges compared to conventional sources of energy. Solar energy does not require raw materials such as oil and coal, and once the panels are built, there will be no monthly charges. In addition, the prices of fossil fuels are increasing day by day, and this means conventional energy will be very expensive. Solar energy will remain the most capable world’s future power supply because, it is cost effective once the plants are built, and there will be no transport costs like for conventional energy sources. Therefore, solar energy is cost-effective, and will help in future energy supply, as the maintenance cost is affordable, as long as they are installed properly, and are working efficiently ( Hans, 2012). Furthermore, with the improvement and advancement of technology, it will increase its efficiency, and cost of production thus, making it more cost effective and the world’s best