In concluding his book on World War II in the Pacific, Eagle Against the Sun, Ronald H. Spector stated that, "The United States acquired a strong democratic ally in the new Japan which emerged from the wreckage of war."1 Following the Japanese surrender on September, 2, 1945, General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander Allied Powers (SCAP) in Japan, led the largely unilateral U.S. effort to rebuild Japan. The U.S. occupation and reconstruction met with varying degrees of political, social and economic success, but overall, the U.S. succeeded in developing Japan as a strong responsible power in the Pacific. Additionally, studying the whole-of-government methods for the U.S. post-war reconstruction in Japan renders historical …show more content…
At the end of the war, Japanese citizens occupied numerous countries in the Western Pacific, while countless Chinese and Koreans resided within Japan as slave labor. At the time Japan had no vessels or other manner in which to conduct the mass movement of these populations. Under U.S. supervision and with hundreds of ships borrowed from the U.S., six million Japanese returned to Japan within three years; and nearly one million Chinese and Koreans returned to their respective countries in the same timeframe.5 In the end the combined U.S. and Japanese social reconstruction efforts successfully resolved the challenges facing the population. The U.S. economic effort was not as widely successful in comparison to the political and social efforts, but there were several successes that ultimately set the conditions for Japan’s rise to a top world economy. The 1947 Land Reform Program, which essentially consisted of the government purchase and redesignation of land that was then resold to tenant farmers, “is seen as the single most important factor for quelling rural discontent and promoting political stability in the early postwar period.”6 Efforts to re-energize the natural resources successfully stabilized the coal mining and fishing industries. Coal mining suffered from a removal of inexpensive labor with the repatriation of Chinese and Korean slaves, but the introduction
This resulted in the relocation of approximately 120,000 people, many of whom were very much so American citizens, to one of 10 internment camps located all across the huge country. ... Some Japanese-American citizens were allowed to return to the offical West Coast beginning in 1945, and the very last camp finnaly closed in March 1946. This was my rough draft. :)
After a while the government began to free those who agreed to join the army and fight the Japanese. Slowly the government began releasing those held in internment camps and by 1945 the last internment camp was closed and the war ended. Many tried to forget about the internment camps and start a new life. They still faced inequality and went into poverty due to having nothing left. They had lost their jobs homes, businesses, and
When the Japanese have given their freedom the left and look for there are homes just to see that it's been sold and now the home of a new family. Then most people just stayed there because they had nothing, they lost everything they work so hard to get to make a better life for their families. Still, after the war, the Japanese were discriminating for the attack on Pearl Harbor in which it was hard for them to find jobs in if they found jobs they were cheap and very harsh conditions. Then it was hard for Japanese kids to go back to school because of the fear in parents that they were hurt their kids and which sometimes the schools had certain classrooms for just Japanese
With the change of government in Japan, economic change soon followed. Banks were founded to invest in capital, railways and steam boats were developed, restrictions on trade such as tariffs and guilds were removed, and land was re-distributed. These reforms helped spur the Industrial
The Economic Effect on Japan during Post World War II Japan’s economy was greatly affected by the atomic bombs dropped on both Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan’s economic recovery as a result of this incident transformed Japan’s economic growth which has become known as the “Economic Miracle.” The bombs caused Japan to reconstruct many more facilities in which the economy moved forward. The Economic Planning Agency, which used to be known as the Economic Stabilization Board, helped Japan to become one of the leading economic nations. The United States also contributed to much of Japan’s recovery by occuping it from 1945-1951.
Extreme measures were taken to protect America from another attack. The U.S was recovering from The Great Depression, and was moving into a positive direction. World War II was going on, but the U.S had not been part of it until Japan had attacked America. On December 7, 1941 Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, leaving U.S ships and planes in ruins (“ Japanese Internment Timeline” 6). America was devastated, and decided to declare war on Japan (Dallek, Garcia, M. Ogle, Risinger 811). Two month after the attack, on February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt signed an executive Order 9066. This meant that he was “ authorizing military authorities to exclude civilians from any area without trial or hearing.” Then two years after
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, America turned its fears on the Japanese and Japanese-Americans that resided on the nation’s Pacific coast. The Japanese were forced to relocate to internment camps, leave their American life behind, endured the harsh internment camp conditions, and still faced obstacles upon release, such as not being able to return to their regular lives. Despite the constitutional rights that the Japanese Americans had, they endured the hardships of their uprooting, subpar camp conditions, and faced their losses after their release and closing of the internment camps.
After being forced from their families they would be treated.. It did not matter if Japanese-Americans were born in the United States, outside the United States or if they had never even been to Japan, they were forced to leave their homes. Many Japanese-Americans had built businesses here that they had to leave. Now they would live a life under harsh conditions and even under even ideal conditions, where life was not easy. The government crossed the line between defending the nation and violating human rights, when it chose to relocate Japanese residents to internment camps. The quality of life in the camps was heavily influenced by which government entity was responsible for them. Many camps were built quickly making the buildings poorly equipped for convenient family living. How would Japanese-Americans return to their hometowns. And return to their regular life’s after
A lot of people opposed of their return back into regular civilization. Farmers and businessmen feared the return of the Japanese and Japanese-Americans because of the economic impacts it would cause them. The Japanese and Japanese-Americans had been prosperous farmers and businessmen before the war, so that resulted in a quite a few jobless people. Also, after their return a lot of the homes were damaged and too destroyed for fixing, which meant that they had to start all the way over. If if it had not been for The United Church Ministries who helped the Japanese relocate and find jobs, then they would have been
Although Japan changed in many ways from 1853 to 1941, there were also many factors that remained the same throughout the history of Japan. One such continuity was the maintained existence of a figurehead ruler controlled by other political authorities. The feudalistic emperor of Japan was the supposed “highest, most powerful authority” in the land, but was actually controlled by the military leaders- the shogun. Similarly, the militaristic emperor of Japan decades later continued to remain a figurehead ruler controlled by military and government officials. In addition, Japan continued to remain reliant on exports in order to maintain its economy. As a result of Japan’s small geographical size, the island nation had few natural resources and was forced to rely on exports to survive economically. The nation also grew increasingly reliant on other nations to provide materials and supplies that it could not provide for itself. This complete reliance on other nations was seen illustrated when the Japanese military was provoked to attacking another superpower- the United States, in response to the 1940 United States embargo
Having power can have someone change the rules. An example of this can be when your playing football and suddenly change the rules so the other team can lose. This is seen in the novel Animal farm when the characters are related to the russian revolution of 1971. They are compared with Czar Nicholas II, Leon Trotsky, and Joseph Stalin. In Animal Farm it shows the comparison between the characters and the events that happened in the Russian Revolution of 1917 because some act selfishly for themselves and others are helpful to the group.
Throughout the work, Fujitani draws evidence from, and references, a plethora of different sources that add validity to his statements and accounts of not only what the Japanese and United States did, but also why they acted the way they did. In a time of war, both countries took different actions that were not readily understood. Japan
Parthenon and Pantheon Name University of the People Parthenon and Pantheon The Pantheon is a former Roman temple, it was built in 27 BC. It is the best preserved Ancient Roman monument, mostly because it has always been in use since it was built. The Pantheon dome is the one of the largest dome made mainly of unreinforced and is also the oldest standing domed structure in Rome. Many historians believe that Emperor Augustus right hand, Agrippa, built the first Pantheon in 27 BC, in the region on Augustus.
Japanese industry and infrastructure, which were virtually destroyed during World War II, were systematically rebuilt to transform the country into a global economic leader by the mid-1960s. Post-World War II, the seven-year U.S. occupation of Japan proved to be a blessing in disguise as the Japanese received $2 billion in aid from the U.S. in the form of food, fertilizers, petroleum products and industrial materials.
In 1418, a group of Catholic fathers in Florence Italy met to discuss a troubling issue with the Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral. This Cathedral had a hole in the top that was horrible for the scorching sun and the heavy rains that penetrated Florence. This motivated the fathers to hold a competition to see who could construct a dome that would not only have to be 150 feet across but also would have to start being constructed 180 feet atop the existing walls. The architect with the best plan would be the one to supervise the building of a new dome for this cathedral. Out of all the leading architects, the winner was a blacksmith named Filippo Brunellschi, a blacksmith who promised to build not one, but two domes without using expensive scaffolding.