At least half of stroke survivors are left with some form of permanent disability whether it is physical, cognitive, emotional, social or vocational. A third of people who sustain a stroke remain dependent on others for their care. Many stroke survivors report a decreased level of participation in leisure activities. Engagement in leisure activity is the primary predictor of wellbeing. Occupational therapists are key healthcare professionals working with individuals post-stroke. The main role of occupational therapy is to facilitate post-stroke survivors to engage in meaningful occupations. Going outside and, if possible, driving increased re-engagement in leisure activities. Patients all realized that they now have limitations, which inhibit engagement in leisure. Stroke survivors studied all recognized a need for support to re-engage in leisure activities. An optimistic view toward the future improved their satisfaction in their levels of leisure activity. It is important to engage individual’s past, present and future leisure occupations and remember that these can enhance health, wellbeing and quality of life for stroke survivors. Healthcare professionals need to focus on the transfer of learning to the home setting and social context of recovery rather than improvement in discrete physical body function and body structures alone. …show more content…
In-depth, in-home interviews of forty-five minutes to sixty minutes were conducted with five community-dwelling individuals (three men, two women) aged 68-74 years who had experienced a stroke in the past year, followed by in-patient rehabilitation for a minimum of two weeks. Data analyzed using thematic analysis. Peer-review and peer debriefing with a co-researcher established
There are three types of strokes that cause changes to the brain: Hemorrhagic stroke,Intracerebral hemorrhage and Transient ischemic attack (TIA). Ischemic stroke is the most common form of stroke, accounting for around 87% of strokes.
Stroke affects everybody differently, and it is difficult to say how much of a recovery is possible. Many stroke survivors experience the most dramatic recovery during their stay in hospital in the weeks after their stroke.
Strokes are not isolated to the United States. It is reported that worldwide nearly 15 million people suffer from a stroke every year (“Stoke,” n.d.). The idea of home therapy for stroke rehabilitation has appeared in other countries as well. A group of researchers in Spain looked into the effectiveness of occupational therapy for individuals affected by a stroke. They focused specifically on home based therapy. The researchers sought out occupational therapy programs which “aimed to improve the participation of the individual in significant functions, activities, and tasks” and how that translated into a home program (Ávila et al., 2014). The study included twenty-three participants who had suffered a stroke. The Barthel Index (Fig.3) was
You may have questions about sexual activity after a stroke. Stroke causes physical and emotional changes. This may include physical changes that affect your ability to have sex. You may also go through emotional changes that affect your desire to have sex.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2015) every year there are 800,000 individuals who have strokes. There are 610,000 first time cases and 185,000 recurring stroke individuals. It is important for caregivers to note that the increased risk of another stroke is higher after the first (CDC, 2015). It is also critical for the caregiver to ask questions of the physician, such as what aspects physiologically and emotionally have been affected and treatments
Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and patients face multiple challenges, such as weakness/paralysis on one side of the body, social disability, inability to walk and self-care, the decline in community participation, and the decline in cognitive and emotional functioning. These challenges impede them from independently performing their daily activities related to work, school, parenting, or leisure. Evidence Based Practice shows that the best way to treat individuals with stroke is through the use of the mental practice. Mental practice is a training method during which a person cognitively rehearses a physical skill in the absence of overt, physical movements for the purpose of enhancing motor skill performance. It is a practice
The over the counter medication once known only for its ability of easing aches and pains or fighting off fever and inflammation is proving itself to be quite the miracle drug. Aspirin has become part of the protocol for stroke victims as a preventative measure due to its neuro-protective benefits. Stroke can cause lesions in cerebral white matter, which may result in cognitive impairments such as deficits in learning and memory. White matter lesions (WML) have also been linked to increasing the risk of post-stroke dementia. Cerebral white matter damage has been widely overlooked. Comprised of oligodendrocytes that form the insulating myelin in the CNS, white matter is evidentially just as vulnerable to ischemia as gray matter.
A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain
The purpose of the focus groups was to collect information about stroke survivors’ beliefs, attitudes, and opinions on why they choose to engage or not engage in physical activity. Seven focus groups were conducted with saturation was met. Thirty-two stroke survivors provided responses to 7 questions from a semi-structured focus group guide. Probing was done minimally when needed. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the ensuing focus group data. Focus group discussions or responses were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were read once and then a second time for clarity. Emerging themes were coded and similar data were group into the same category. Repeating ideas were grouped into themes.
Some patients will find it difficult to make healthy choices. A large percentage of stroke victims are in the more senior populations, and many will fall into the minority and or socio-economically disadvantaged groups and therefore may have anxieties around finances, and the costs involved with long-term care that can be necessary as part of the recovery process. Nurses are in a position to facilitate other allied health care workers to support patients, such as psychologists and social workers who can provide added advice and care in support of the whole person and their family (Berman. A, Snyder.
Seeking to learn more about the ways a person can recover led me to volunteer at a rehabilitation unit within a nursing home. I enjoyed watching the occupational therapists care for their patients in a specific, yet holistic way. Speaking frequently with a patient about hockey, despite the communication difficulty caused by his stroke, prompted his therapist to hand us hockey sticks; together we passed a bean bag back and forth prudently, engaging the side of his body affected by his stroke. His therapist took his interest and assimilated it into his therapy; this
The patients that I've been fortunate enough to deal with have all generally been able to get a handle on the idea that through Occupation Therapy sessions there is always a possibility for growth, change, Improvement, and development. In other words, the condition they are in now is not the condition they will be ‘sentenced’ to for the rest of their lives. Occupational therapy is about changing, improving, and offering a way forward with their ability to care for themselves and achieve some measure of independence beyond what they may be enduring at the moment. The psychosocial factors that can inhibit this growth can be categorized as their ‘old way of doing things’ versus the necessity of abandoned the old ways and developing new ways In order to function and even thrive. Stroke patients, in my experience in this rotation, have by far the most difficult time simply because the stroke couples a high level of disability with a high level of uncertainty. It is important to note, however, that a stroke victim may, with early and effective treatment, have a high level of recovery potential as well. The psychosocial factors that a person has previously defined themselves by may change, but
Every year approximately 795,000 people in United States are diagnosed with stroke. Stroke is one of the leading causes of severe long-term disability in the US (American Stroke Association [ASA], 2017). The incidence of stroke is expected to rise due to the age related demographic changes (Mozaffarian et al., 2015). Integration of self-management by healthcare systems into the discharge teaching and its promotion during rehabilitation period is an important step in the management of long-term condition (Jones et al., 2015). Therefore, the explanation of the meaning of self-management and the availability of the related programs could be a beneficial recourse to the patents being discharged from a hospital after stroke. The purpose of this paper is to analyze several qualitative articles related to the research on the topic of self-management among the stroke patients and the applicability of these findings in the local practice.
The study by Maclean N, Pound P, Wolfe C and Rudd A (2000), was designed to identify attitudes and beliefs of stroke patients that have been recognized by professionals as experiencing "high" or "low" motivation for rehabilitation.