“Portia’s Progress”, a speech given by Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor demonstrates the numerous trials and tribulations throughout the years that women have faced during the struggle to not only practice law but to be considered an equal member in any position in the work force.
Dating back throughout history woman were often considered to be too soft or docile to work. In the early 1800’s, as well as the 1950’s, it was thought that woman should not only be pure in heart, mind and body, but that they should be submissive to their husbands and not work outside the home, this was known as the Cult of Domesticity (Keister & Southgate, Inequality: a contemporary approach to race, class and gender, 2012, p. 228).
Sandra Day O’Connor was in her early 20’s in the 1950’s and graduating from Stanford before continuing at Stanford Law School where she graduated third in her law class. The societal outlook during her twenties was that woman should not work, and if they did, they most definitely should not work as lawyers. This was proven by the fact that she tried to interview dozens of times and was always turned down solely based on the fact that she was a woman. Eventually she took a position as a Californian deputy county attorney even though she received no pay. This did not stop her from pursuing her goals and pushing forward against the opposition. For many years, O’Connor volunteered and serviced in the government eventually earning the title of the
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Notably, O’Connor gives readers examples that are interesting in the aspect that they give insight to the ladder effect of how equality has changed over the years as well as what areas are still in struggle today. It’s worthy to mention particular interest in the data provided showing the projections of attorneys as well as governmental positions that are currently held by
Sandra Day O’Connor was born in El Paso, Texas in 1930. Her parents owned a cattle ranch in Southeastern Arizona. She went to school in El Paso while she lived with her grandmother. O’Connor graduated high school at the age of sixteen. In 1946, O’Connor was accepted into Stanford. She earned a bachelor’s degree in economics and a law degree. O’Connor graduated third in her class at Stanford. O’Connor tried to become a lawyer in Los Angeles and San Francisco law firms but could not because she was a woman. Instead, she was offered a job as a legal secretary ("Sandra Day O'Connor Biography”). It was very difficult for O’Connor to find a job because she was a woman (Beard). She became a county attorney in California and married John O’Connor. They moved to Germany and her husband was an attorney for the U. S. Army. O’Connor was a civilian attorney. When they
Sandra Day-O’Connor was nominated for the Supreme Court in 1981 by President Ronald Regan. An amazing woman, O’Connor’s accomplishments are many. After, surprisingly, being accepted into Stanford law school, O’Connor graduated third in her class of 102 in 1952 (Institute 2000). O’Connor, like many women of her time, could not get a job as a lawyer because of prejudice and discrimination. This did not stop this determined woman, or even slow her down! The road from a remote southwestern Arizona ranch to the first female Republican Senate majority leader and then first female Supreme Court Justice was fraught with stereotypical female prejudice.
Sandra Day O’Connor, an influential woman, is an astounding role model for young women of today’s world to look up to. Success was not handed to her, she had to work her way from the bottom, working but receiving no pay, to the top, Supreme Court Justice. Her success though will be remembered in history for years to come because she made a breakthrough. With gratitude and poise, Sandra Day O’Connor
During the Industrial Revolution, women were, in general, considered socially inferior. A “good woman” was expected to stay at home, raise
Throughout history many U.S. Supreme Court Justices have served for numerous years on the Supreme court making final decisions on diverse cases that have created long lasting impacts. The current supreme court justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and former justice Sandra Day O’Connor have not only made an impact but are proof that women are equal to men when it comes to court room decisions. Throughout the essay I will explain the background of the justice, the president who appointed them, and the accomplishments made on the Supreme Court.
Women’s equality has made huge advancements in the United States in the past decade. One of the most influential persons to the movement has been a woman named Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Ruth faced gender discrimination many times throughout her career and worked hard to ensure that discrimination based on a person’s gender would be eliminated for future generations. Ginsburg not only worked to fight for women’s equality but fought for the rights of men, as well, in order to show that equality was a human right’s issue and not just a problem that women faced. Though she faced hardships and discrimination, Ruth never stopped working and thanks to her equality is a much closer reality than it was fifty years ago. When Ruth first
A house is not a home if no one lives there. During the nineteenth century, the same could be said about a woman concerning her role within both society and marriage. The ideology of the Cult of Domesticity, especially prevalent during the late 1800’s, emphasized the notion that a woman’s role falls within the domestic sphere and that females must act in submission to males. One of the expected jobs of a woman included bearing children, despite the fact that new mothers frequently experienced post-partum depression. If a woman were sterile, her purposefulness diminished. While the Cult of Domesticity intended to create obliging and competent wives, women frequently reported feeling trapped or imprisoned within the home and within societal
Sandra Day O’Connor had a very unpredictable political opinion. In many of her decisions, it was difficult to decide which side she was on; for or against. Mrs. O’Connor was influential in many monumental rulings on freedom. Mrs. O’Connor was also very influential in cases concerning harassment and discrimination. Even though Mrs. O’Connor did not always vote how women felt she should have, they still considered her to be a great role model.
She argues that restriction inside the home neglects a mother or wives pride in her work. She also states how a woman’s freedom of work can benefit a family’s health due to her sense of dignity and independence (Foner, page
Although females had push into the right direction, they still did face some adversity. “Many fully employed women defined themseleves as ‘homemakers’, outside the sphere of wage work” (Abelson, 117). This shows that even with all these changes for the better women did not shy away from their traditional roots.
In this paper, I will discuss a number of topics regarding woman and the Supreme Court from historical precedents to objective research to the importance of female judges and Justices and finally to the possibilities of the future. Each of these steps is vital to fully understanding how we got to our country’s current place in female jurisprudence and creating future opportunities for women both on the Supreme Court and in all other levels of the judicial system across the United States.
The stereotyping of women is quite common in today 's society and throughout history. In the past, women have taken the full time job of being a mother and a housewife. The 1930s initially started the ideal image of a woman. A woman was often represented as a maid-like being who would serve to their husband and children. In Richard Alleyne’s article, “Advice for women in the 1930s: Nothing Destroys the Happiness of Married Life More than the Lazy, Slovenly Wife,” he discusses the frequent expectations of a housewife. Common assumptions included; “Don’t argue with your husband; do whatever he tells you and obey all his orders” (1) and “Nothing destroys the happiness of married life more than the lazy, slovenly wife” (1). These rules have often been published into past newspapers that were
Women’s unpaid labor in maintains a systems of oppression in many ways. In Susan M. Shaw and Janet Lee’s Women’s Voices Feminist Visions unpaid labor done by many women is, “undervalued as women’s formal productive paid labor in the workforce is prioritized” (Shaw & Lee, 2015, 471). Shaw and Lee are saying that women work at home is devalued because it is viewed as informal and as work that is done out of love or is natural work. Since the work being done is viewed as natural work, it further reinforces gender stereotypes by stating that women are supposed to do the household work which is deemed more as feminine. This thought process follows patriarchal thinking, where women are expected to do the
In the past 3 decades, women made great advancements in the workforce. First, they have become an integral part of the labour market; they have access to higher education and consequently to traditionally male dominated professions such as medicine, law and business. While statistics show that women are equal to men in terms of their numbers in the law profession, it is not clear however, whether they have achieved equality in all other areas of their employment. In this paper, I will examine women’s experiences in the law profession; whether women are earning equal salary compared to the male lawyers, do they still face barriers that are gender related and whether they have broken the glass ceiling in a profession that is supposed to be
For my research project, I would like to show the evolution of gender equality that has occurred in American society in the workplace. The disparity of status and privileges between men and women has existed since the end of the World War II. Although America has made progress concerning the acceptance of social issues such as same sex relationship and marriage, people are still unwilling to acknowledge that gender inequality is still rampant among our society. Gender equality hasn’t been achieved yet, particularly in corporate America that has an insignificant number of women in the upper ranks; fewer women occupy a post of chief executive officer, chief financial officer, or any other leading positions.