Between the years 2004 and 2017 Point Pleasant Park changed a lot. From its total of 5 species in 2004 to the 24 species that now occupy the four sites in 2017, the park has pretty much recovered from the hurricane. The trend shows that there is species gain between 2004 and 2017, as each tree increased in population. Where the ones from 2004 did not increase as much, the most was from White Birch having the most change from 2 trees in 2004 to 158 trees in 2017, to the least amount of change from the Red Pine with 1 trees in 2004 and 7 trees in 2017. Many of the trees in 2017 did not exist in 2004, creating a change in the species richness. The average of the four sites richness was 4.75, where in 2017 it was 166.75 in 2017 (Figure __). …show more content…
The surviving trees were all in their adolescent to mature stages in life based off their average breast diameter height (BDH), with the smallest being the Red Spruce in area 1 with a BDH of 6.5cm, and the largest being the White Pine in area 3 with a BDH of 54cm. These heights show the trees that survived were not sapling. Where these trees did continue to grow and all five increased their population in 2017 from 2004, only the White Birch dominated in 2017 compared to the other survivors. Because of human influence in Point Pleasant Park allotted planting of native species in the soils, thus these younger trees grew a lot faster in the areas where the larger trees are limited (mostly areas 1 to 3, but 4 was quite sparse as well). For White Birch it was mostly in area 4 (in 2017 had 79 trees), where in 2004 White Birch was only located in area 1 and 2; both with one tree each. The reason why could be the fact that both Red Maple and White Birch are both hardwood species, which may have been made easier with the surviving conifer species like the red spruce that dominated before them (RESOURCES). These surviving trees have influenced the trees of 2017 , in ways of growing that might not be noticed today, but was a crucial part of their history. Their influence may be hard to see in 2017, but leading up the years the surviving trees provided optimal growing conditions. Experience secondary succession, the surviving trees started
On September 17th, 2015 our group went on the Orange Trail of the State Botanical Garden of Georgia in Athens, Georgia to collect data for our lab. The biome of this area that we explored fit a temperate deciduous forest type. We walked along the trail and picked random spots to start measuring our transects. We measured DBH size and canopy coverage at 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters respectively along each transect for a total of six transects. We used a densitometer to measure the percent of canopy coverage of the tree closest to the center of the sampling points along each of the transects. We used a measuring tape to measure out 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters respectively along each of the six
Every forest has a story to tell. By looking closely at its habitants, that story can be interpreted. Much of this narrative is written in the trees: their age, their tolerance to shade, and the rate at which they grow are all characteristics that can imply a lot about their environment. Exploring these relationships and how they connect with each other can indicate the health and history of the land. Heiberg Forest, located in northern New York, was once used for agricultural purposes in the 1800-1900’s. (Nowak, Lecture Notes) Much of the land once used for farming was left to regrow back into a young forest. The life history of different tree species can be determined by examining the most common species in Heiberg.
Fire has long been understood to have an impact on the ecosystem of our native woodlands, but it is only recently that we have come to understand its importance in maintaining the ecosystem. This report takes samples of the flora structure and growth in two different areas of Anstey Hill Recreation Park. The first was last burnt in 1995, and the second burnt in 2012. The results of these samples can be compared to data sampled in 2011, when the 2012 burnt area had not been burnt since Ash Wednesday in 1983.
Prince William Forest Park has flourished to what it is today but it carries historical events that not only made a serious impact on history today but also on the national park. As one of their historical events such as the Civil War, it established a huge impact on the park today and has continued to be a part of the parks history. It all revolved around the Civil War dating back to 1861-1865 where Prince William Forest Park was the town of Dumfries. The American Civil War had such a huge impact on Prince William Forest Park due to the events of the Confederate Blockade and the Dumfries Raid with the Cabin Branch Mining Company and its endless supply of iron sulfide , therefore shapes the park today
B. Retaining individual high value trees--for bear dens, raptor nests or as an example of old growth
The ancient forests of the Northeast aren’t the only aspect of the bioregion that’s fate have been at perpetual risk since the early settlement of Europeans. There is no question that forests still dominate the landscape of Northeastern region accounting for “60% of the total land area, and in New England alone, the coverage is 80%”. Still the species that exist within the understory of the forests have undergone an equally dramatic transformation because of human interaction with the land and the harvest of its resources. Some species in the understory of the mixed forests of the Northeast have been driven out of the region, are under intense ecological pressure, are on the brink of extinction, or have already gone extinct in the region. Perhaps one of the most harmful and impactful effects colonization of the Northeast has had on the resources of the land is the introduction of non-native species and diseases into the region. Over time the overall makeup of the forests have changed drastically as an example, “…the American chestnut once made up as much as 25% of the trees in some areas and was economically the most important hardwood in the Eastern forests”. The introduction of chestnut blight at the turn of the century accounts for
Based on the current conditions of the area, we hypothesis that tree survivability will be highest in elevations above 3,000 feet and below 3,300 feet, highest in slopes between 0 - 45 degrees, and highest in aspects between 0 - 33 degrees. Tree survivability will also be highest in area with the best soil, water quality, and forest health conditions for successful tree sapling growth.
Looking further into the impacts of the Rodeo-Chediski fire the trees saw the greatest impact of the fire. Almost 90% of the trees suffered complete crown kill (Ffolliott, 2008). Either some trees had survived with low severity, were harmed, or dead because of the drought and the fire combined. Even though some of the trees that had faced high severity apparently after having seen what trees had survived the fire yet by 2004 two years after the fire they had died (Ffolliott, 2008). The wildfire also impacted the standardization structure, post-fire mortality of trees, and stocking of tree reproduction on the Steamer Ridge Watershed (Ffolliott, 2008). After the fire had finally been contained the density of the forest had been forever changed.
The absence of a balsam fir seedling bank prior to the outbreak could be due to unfavorable litter or soil conditions (Greene et al. 1999), higher competition by shrubs prior to the outbreak (Kneeshaw and Bergeron 1999), and the absence of seed trees. Absence of a seedling bank or death of the seedling bank during an epidemic will lead to lack of fir recruitment (Bouchard et al. 2007). But in research by Spence and MacLean (2012) there was a different result: in immature stands the intolerant hardwood regenerations post-disturbance (4%-27%) was higher than pre-disturbance (0%). But the percentage of intolerant hardwood regeneration eventually decreased (from 19%-44% to 4%-25%). This suggests that in immature stands may still have a higher balsam fir composition over
Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art is a museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas. The museum, founded by Alice Walton and designed by Moshe Safdie, officially opened on 11 november 2011. It offers free public admission.
While writing an essay about the future of Ascarate Park, I learned that I am not alone in envisioning the parks true potential. Local residents and now government officials are speaking up and taking action. Especially encouraging is Government official, David Stout’s plans for the local park. He proclaimed Ascarate Park as an “important park in El Paso” and stated a funding plan. In turn, local El Paso residents are finally hopeful and eager to see the positive impact on Ascarate Park and the surrounding neighborhood. Such a beautiful green space should be nurtured to its fullest potential for wildlife and locals to appreciate.
Princes, Sefton and Calderstone Parks to undergo maintenance and construction: Show how much money is being applied to each of the parks. Show what the money is going towards such as a Vitality Trail in Sefton Park and Nelson Mandela memorial on Princes Park lake island. Interview the new partner managing the parks and ask why they have decided to be involved. Show everything that will be covered by maintenance including cemeteries, lakes and water courses and the sporting facilities. Interview a member of public that uses the sports facilities or someone who uses the park regularly, preferably a parent who uses the playgrounds. Interview one of the managers of the sports facilities.
The reading passage presents three hypothesis to explain the decline in the yellow cedar trees in North America. However, the lecturer doesn’t agree with the author . She puts forward her points to defend her argument.
One specie planting is typical on any plantation, with the spruce species being the most popular. Davies expressed that historically spruce has held more value in the wood harvesting industry. The mono planting method is the main reason behind the plantation that was visited being mostly single species, all of the trees looked of similar height and width and color - this is very unlike any natural forest. A natural forest should have a wide array of species that wouldn’t necessarily be there otherwise. Davies stated that once a natural forest gets so old, it becomes more structurally diverse, but the industries insist of keeping forest under 60 years of age. The mass deforestation seems to be inevitably leading to loss of tree cover everywhere around the world, especially in New
It takes 1 tree to make 8,333 sheets of paper. So, if the average novel is about 1,000 pages, it take 1 tree to make 8 books. Trees are a crucial factor not only because they produce paper, lumber, and chewing gum, but because but because they serve an important role in the carbon cycle. There are many consequences of getting rid of trees. The lifeless soil and filthy air are few of many possible outcomes of getting rid of trees.