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Planned Parenthood Case Study

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The Court, in the majority opinion by Justice Blackmun, held that the right to privacy protected an unmarried woman's right to choose to terminate her pregnancy. State criminal abortion laws, like those involved in Texas, that grant exception for only life-saving procedures, violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which protect state action the right to privacy, including a woman's choice to an abortion, and the Ninth Amendment's reservation of rights to the people. Though the state cannot override this right, it has interests in protecting the mother's health and the potentiality of human life, each of which reach a "compelling state interest" at different times during the pregnancy. This protocol is where the trimester …show more content…

Casey. In 1992, the case Planned Parenthood arose as a case that challenged restrictive Pennsylvania state laws that restricted abortion. It required doctors to inform the mother of health risks, required women to inform their husbands, minors to inform their parents, and imposed a twenty-four hour wait period before the procedure could be completed (505 U.S. 833, 1992). The District Court of Pennsylvania found all of these provisions to be unconstitutional under the legal reasoning in Roe. In the Appellate Courts, all of the restrictions were declared constitutional except for the spousal notification clause (505 U.S. 833, 1992) When it reached the Supreme Court, there were new justices on the bench, comprised of all Republican appointees. Casey gained a great deal of media attention for the possibility that the conservative bench could overturn Roe. In a 5-4 decision, the Court's reasoning reaffirmed Roe, but upheld most of the Pennsylvania provisions using the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The opinion contained a novel standard to determine the validity of abortion restrictions, thus eliminating the previous trimester rule. The new standard asks whether the restriction has the purpose of imposing an "undue burden", which is a "substantial obstacle in the path of the woman seeking an abortion before the fetus attains viability" (505 U.S. 833, 1992). Under …show more content…

Although no individual right to privacy is explicitly stated in the Constitution, the Court has used inductive reasoning to develop the penumbra of individual privacy as a constitutional civil liberty. They have repeatedly recognized an individual's right to make choices regarding intimate aspects of one's own life in the area of sexual expression. The Supreme Court's trend of expanding the penumbra of individual privacy rights has been consistent with the liberalization of society's morals concerning sexual freedom (Caplan, 1986). The legalization of abortion came about in the landmark case, Roe v. Wade, which sets the precedent for an unwed mother's right to privacy in choosing to have an abortion, as protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. The majority opinion by Justice Blackmun establishes a legal balancing test between the compelling state interest of the health of the mother or the viability of the fetus. This balance is measured with the trimester framework, where the state protects the mother's right to privacy to choose in her first trimester, where the state can regulate abortions to protect maternal health in the second trimester, and where it can regulate and restrict abortions in the third

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