Phoenicia Downfall

Alexander slaughtered many people. According to Doc C, Alexander had lost many men trying to get into Tyre. When Alexander got into Tyre, he had ordered

The Mediterranean served as a basin for the early civilizations. The rich history of the

     Alexander then turned to Tyre, a small island about a half a mile offshore, where a large group of Phoenicians were assembled to defend Persia. Unable to conquer by sea, Alexander’s men built a causeway to the island and attacked on land. Tyre resisted for seven months, so long that when captured, Alexander had his army slay 8,000 men and sell the other 30,000 into slavery (“Alexander the Great.'; 2). Jerusalem surrendered and was spared, but Gaza fought for three months until every man in the city was dead (Durant 544).

Alexander recognized he could not allow the barbarian nation neighboring him grow to independent so he quashed them with the might of his army. (Doc. 1) It became obvious that the author who was responsible for writing Document 1 was biased towards Alexander when the author wrote that ONLY thirty-four of Alexander's men were killed. Alexander said that he shared the labor with his men and would not have had them do anything he would not do. (Doc. 2) When Alexander took the Persian capital of Persepolis he took the treasure from the palace and burned it to the ground. With this move, he effectively cut down upon the Persian's supplies and stroke a crippling blow to the moral of Persia's army. (Doc. 4) When Alexander and his forces were marching through a desert one of his men found a little bit of water and offered it to Alexander, when he took it he promptly dumped it all on the ground so that he could suffer along with his

As stated in document A, “in 334 BCE, Alexander crossed from Macedonia to Asia with an army of 40,000.” That sounds like he is going to try to take over land and will not give up until he gets that land. According to document C, because the city Tyre, did not surrender, he built a bridge to get to the island. The city held out for 7 months but Alexander continued to destroy it, and the city’s people because he was so angry they were up for the battle. Alexander the great also took over 70 cities as said in document E. As you can tell, he was very greedy and seemed as if he could not help it but to keep destroying cities and taking over land. In conclusion, Alexander was overall very greedy and decided to take over land for no purpose other than he wanted

The clearest evidence of this lies in Document C, entitled Alexander of Macedon by Peter Green and published by the University of California Press in 1991. This excerpt describes one of the many brutal rampages that Alexander’s troops embarked on, this time against Tyre, under their leader’s orders. His commands were “executed with savage relish” and even the men of Sidon, who had been rivals with the Tyrians for centuries, were “horrified by what they now witnessed”. Those who sought refuge were slayed, buildings were burned down, thousands of men at military age were crucified, and even survivors that surrendered were eventually enslaved. Therefore, Alexander was undoubtedly a relentless and power-hungry military leader that would have done anything in order to further himself and his plans. Moreover, Document B, written by Lucius Flavius Arrianus in 130 CE, also, though unintentionally, displays Alexander’s cruelty. Taken from Arrianus’s book called The Campaigns of Alexander, the story was supposed to be a recount and positive reflection of Alexander’s accomplishments, given that it was written by a Greek philosopher and historian. However, it, instead, is even further proof that Alexander was anything but great. The document narrates Alexander’s last major battle against Porus on the eastern bank of the Hydaspes

After Alexander’s father Philip II died, there was not someone better than Alexander the Great to take the throne. Unfortunately, many of the Greek cities thought he was too young and inexperienced to be able to handle the throne and do a proper job like his father. People doubts and reluctant to accept him as their rightful King did not discourage him, to prove no man can do a better job than him and put people doubts at ease, Alexander the Great attacked the ancient city of Thebes. He did this to instilled fear, in people and make them change their minds of doubting him and obeyed

Whenever Alexander meets a new city, he gives them a choice. Join me, or die. Whenever a city said no, he would set churches and important buildings on fire. It would be desecrated and desolate. According to Ancient.eu, “In the year 330 BCE Alexander the Great conquered the Persian capital city of Persepolis, and after looting its treasures, burned the great palace and surrounding city to the ground.”

Antiochus gained the title “the Great” because, through successful military strategy and shrewd diplomacy, he managed to reunite most of the territory that had been assigned to Seleucus I after the death of Alexander the Great. His prestige had suffered a blow at Raphia, but he redeemed himself by defeating Achaeus and regaining Seleucid Asia Minor. After a long siege, the capital city of Sardis fell in 214, and the citadel was betrayed a year later. Achaeus was first mutilated and then beheaded. Some sort of understanding with Attalus of Pergamum, his other rival in Asia Minor, seems to have been reached, because by 212 Antiochus had turned his back on the west in order to attempt the restoration of his eastern dominions. The Greek historian

Alexander Conquered many cities, but a particular one named Tyre was a bit harder to take over, but when he and his troops did take Tyre over, I think Alexander went crazy. When Alexander got into Tyre he crucified 2,000 men that were at the age that were able to fight in wars. If people think this makes Alexander great, so be it, as long as I’m around my opinion will stay strong in that crucifying 2,000 men that were at fighting age was plain horrifying and stupid. During the unfortunate event in Tyre Alexander also sold 30,000 people into slavery. This proves that not only was Alexander not a nice person, but he also was a greedy one. He could have let the citizens of Tyre who stood up for what they believed in live in peace, but instead

Alexander wanted to be treated like a god. He thought he was the son of Zeus, and went to extreme measures to prove it. He went to an oracle just be told that he was this son of a god. He was a very disrespectful to others and their cultures. When the Egyptians finished building this large city, he kicked them out. These people have worked long and hard to build this enormous city, only to be kicked out and not allowed to do anything about it. Alexander captured Thebans and sold them for slavery instead of having them for agriculture or military use.

At a time in the ancient world where large civilization conquered each other many times, it is necessary to be safe. Phoenicia acts as the middle men between these people, trading in between them. Moving to Phoenicia provides security, because they exist neutrally during wars. Civilizations

For the next few years he would lay siege and conquer many cities and countries and gains control of a vast majority of Asia Minor and Egypt. After Alexander had conquered Babylon he set his sights on Persia. He took Susa, one of the capitals and Persepolis the ceremonial capital. Alexander had set his sights on taking Darius III and pursed him into Media then Parthia. In the year 330BC, Darius was taken prisoner by the Bactrian Satrap Bessus who had Darius stabbed as Alexander approached, He declared himself the new king under the name of Artaxerxes V. Alexander gave Darius a proper burial next to his Achaemenid ancestors and proclaims himself the rightful successor. Though Bessus proclaims himself as King of the Empire, he had no relations to anyone of the royal family, therefore it is generally accepted that the death of Darius the III marked the end of Achaemenid Empire. Much of the remaining Empire falls to Alexander or gains independence for themselves. Alexander succeeded in conquering the Achaemenid Empire because of his great tactical prowess on the battlefield making him and his army a formidable enemy for the generals of the Empire. He conquers many cities and state swiftly, many were willing to submit after seeing what they had done to other armies. In conquering the cities he began to merge Greek language, Greek Culture and Greek population with these conquered areas making the original culture of Persia decline.

The Phoenicians fully emerged on the map around 1400 B.C. (Malaspina 19) and exploited until the early 300s B.C. Around this time period many of the European empires and Asia Minor were expanding.

During Philip's expedition against Byzantium in 340 BC, Alexander, then sixteen years old, was left in charge of Macedonia. He took the throne like he was already king. He subdued the rebellious Maedi, a Thracian tribe. He took their capital city and drove out its inhabitants. He created a colony of several nations in their region. He called the new city Alexandropolis.