Large-scale smart grid initiatives require fast and accurate monitoring of power system network. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is one of the major components which are increasingly deployed in the power system network to provide the necessary infrastructure to cater smart grid requirements. PMUs provide time synchronized measurement of voltage and current phasors (Phadke and Thorp 2008) from different nodes of the power system network, which is used for monitoring and control. NASPI (March 2015) and NERC (September 2016) suggest use of phasor data from the PMUs to perform verification of dynamic models as well as validating parameters of power plant models. A parameter identification toolbox for power system models developed using the …show more content…
The mismatch in PMU measurements and dynamic simulators lead to anomalous result for application such as event location, oscillation detection, islanding detection, and dynamic line rating as indicated in (Zhao et al. 2015). While PMUs can measure and time synchronize the output phasor with great accuracy, the internal signal processing may utilize several cycles of the input signal measurements to calculate each phasor values. Thus, even if the PMU report phasor each cycle, the measurements is not representative of the current cycle but of a number of the preceding and following cycles depending on the sliding window of data used for the phasor estimation. This typically smooths out/filters faster changes that may be present in the simulation output, rendering PMU output not comparable to simulated response for the same disturbance when fast changing responses are present (applicable for a very small time constant parameters in the model of the physical system). Phasor estimation can be performed in electromagnetic simulators in which point of wave signal is available. Phasor estimation of a point of wave signal is applied in electromagnetic simulator using enhanced DFT based algorithm in (Romano, Pignati, and Paolone 2015). A mechanism for streaming simulated phasors from TSAT in C37.118 format is proposed in (Zheng, Howell, and Wang 2015). However, these phasors do not reflect the PMU characteristics as
“All the cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes” (McCance & Huether, pg. 2).
In this lab experiment our main focus was to get skillful in using tools such as the metric ruler, balances, thermometer, and graduated cylinder to capture measurements of length, mass, temperature and volume. Additionally, this lab helped us to become more familiar with the uncertainty of measurements, as well as becoming efficient with rounding our measurements to the correct numbers of significant figures. Our results are measured consistently with rounding to the closest answer we could possibly acquire as the data can tell you.
The United States has to reconfigure the measurement of goods due to not using the metric system.
Purpose: To learn about the international system of units (SI), to become familiar with common lab equipment and techniques, to gain proficiency in determining volume, mass, length, and temperature of a variety of items using common laboratory measurement devices, to learn to combine units to determine density and concentration, and to use laboratory equipment to create serial dilutions and determine the density and concentration of each dilution.
2. Physiological state in defined as “the condition or state of the body or bodily functions”. This can be measured when we perform our observations. By measuring a patient’s respiratory rate, oxygen saturations, peak flow (in asthma patients), pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, core temperature, blood sugar, pupil reaction and Glasgow coma scale. All these combined measurement can give us an insight into the patient’s health or Physiological state.
Procedure: Using distilled water, premeasured containers and objects determine displacement of fluids and density of objects. Use ice and heat measure temperatures in Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.
Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 3: Simulating Osmotic Pressure Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following is true of osmosis? You correctly answered: c. It is a type of diffusion. 2. Which of the following occurs when a hypertonic solution is added to cells? You correctly answered: d. The cells shrink. 3. The variable that affects osmotic pressure is You correctly answered: a. the concentration of nondiffusing solutes. 4. The net movement of water would be into the cell in a You correctly answered: b. hypotonic solution.
Purpose: To become familiar with the International System of Units and common laboratory equipment and techniques. To learn how to determine volume, mass, length, and temperature of a wide variety of items. To learn how to calculate density and concentration of dilutions.
St. John’s Med-Surg unit is staffed with usually two RN’s, a CNA, and a unit clerk each shift from what I have experienced thus far. The RN provides patient care, educates patients over various health conditions, provides advice and emotional support to patients and their family, give prescribed medications, start intravenous lines, documents on all information regarding their assigned patients, implement interventions, and maintain their patients overall well being.
In my role as senior I am responsible for ensuring that all individuals, their families, friends, carers and members of staff and those I work with (ty mawr) in partnership, are treated equally. Everyone should be treated with dignity and respect. There are many legislations, Codes of practice which ty mawr follow. The workplace policies which regulate equality diversity and inclusion with each area of responsibility. Below is a list of acts.
The purpose of this lab was for the student to get involved with his or hers new lab kit as well as being able to know, identify and use each other tools provided in the kit. Another key learning aspect of this lab is to teach the student how to measure properly the many units in the SI system. I will be using laboratory dilutions, measurements, and weights to then calculate using algebraic formula.
Both the metric measurement system and the U.S. Customary measurement system is used for medical, scientific, and technical fields. The U.S. Customary measurement system is based on 10s. An example of a use of the customary system is a liter is ten times bigger than a deciliter and a centigram is ten times larger than a milligram. The metric system uses units like meter, liter, mass and the liquid volume. The U.S. Customary uses feet, quarts, and ounces to measure those. So, for the metric system say you could have a 2 liter of coke, but in a U.S. Customary, it would be two
Choose any three objects that are shorter than the metric ruler to measure, such as a CD, Key, spoon etc.
The 2003 northeast blackout that saw about 50 million people from the northeast US and southeast Canada lose power for about 2 days at the cost of $6 billion dollars according to JR Minkel (Minkle) and was the biggest blackout in North American history (Minkle). The disaster lead to a report that showed the blackout was caused by a combination of human error and equipment failure. To prevent issues like this in the future a “smart grid” needs to be developed that would monitor and repair itself in the event of problems. Essentially computers and applications would be the first responder when there is an equipment failure on the grid. The problem with this solution is that by placing more of the control of the power grid into the hands of computers and applications, it opens up the grid to cyber-attacks. The economic impact of a total or even partial failure of the power grid is astronomical and makes a very appealing target to those who wish to cause
A. Water boils at 100°C at sea level. If the water in this experiment did not boil at 100°C, what could be the reason?