Pancreatic Pseudocysts: A Case Study

Pancreatic duct is dilated in region of the head and neck of the pancreas measuring up to 7 mm, nonspecific. Negative for discreet mass on this noncontrast exam. Negative for parapancreatic inflammation. Unenhanced pancreatic parenchyma otherwise appears unremarkable.

1. Describe the anatomic location of the pancreas relative to the other organs in the upper portion of the abdominal cavity. - The pancreas is about 6 inches long and sits across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach and liver, leveled with the top of the small intestine and it also borders the liver, spleen and kidneys. The head of the pancreas is on the right side of the abdomen and is connected to the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine) through a small tube called the pancreatic duct. The narrow end of the pancreas, called the tail, extends to the left side of the body.

The pancreas and the gall bladder are two of the most important organs of the digestive system. Together they help with the digestion process. The pancreas and the gall bladder work together with different functions, the gallbladder stores bile that comes from the liver so that it can be used for meals later on and the pancreas produces pancreatic juice that contains digestive enzymes that help break down food. In order to maintain the body stable and healthy, we need the help of the gallbladder and pancreas to function correctly. Which is why, we, as humans should take care of our organs. ( Tim Taylor, Pancreas and Gall Bladder)

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare cystic tumor that is endocrine in origin, therefore, typically found in the head and/or body of the pancreas. SPN constitutes about 1% of all pancreatic neoplasms, but advancements in diagnostic imaging have led to an increase in findings. Patients with SPN are usually asymptomatic and those with symptoms report generalized abdominal discomfort. Lab values used to evaluate the pancreas are usually within normal limits. Because these neoplasms are typically asymptomatic they grow undetected and masses in the head will produce symptoms associated with obstruction and pancreatitis.

Intraductal Mucinous Neoplasms and Mucinous Cyst Neoplasms are two distinct entities used in categorizing non-inflammatory cystic lesions of the pancreas. Utilization of the International Consensus Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of IPMN and MCN assist physicians in the management of these cystic lesions while proving the highest quality of care.

According to Swales, a discourse community is made up of individuals who share a set of common public goals, has mechanisms of intercommunication among its members, uses its participatory mechanisms primarily to provide information and feedback, has and uses one or more genres that help the community achieve its goals, has acquired some specific lexis, and has a reasonable ratio of novices and experts (220-222.). Even though that may seem like a large number of requirements in order to be defined as a discourse community, it truly is not. Everyone in this world belongs to at least one discourse community, while others belong to multiple communities. I decided to look at the Type 1 diabetes discourse community, because it is a community I am personally a part of.

‘Pancreas man’ was born in the land of digestiva where he and his family lived since the dawn of time. Until one day, DR.GLUCOSE, the pancreases arch enemy, was spotted strolling down Liver Lane. He had his full army along his side, way too much glucose for the pancreases and livers to turn into glycogen. They were unprepared, they were scared, but one pancreas was ready to fight. That was the infamous ‘Pancreas man’ father, Colonel pancreas. Unfortunately, Colonel pancreas could not take any more glucose, he didn’t make it through the battle. The powerful ‘Pancreas Man’ lives today to spread insulin and fight the constant battle against DR.GLUCOSE. . . Pancreas mans family was devastated after their father's death. Pancreas man's,

According to (Rosdahl & Kowalski, 2012) Pancreatitis is known as inflammation of the pancreas .it may develop from infectious or traumatic damage, alcohol, or drugs. Cysts may occasionally occur. Pancreatitis is of two types acute or chronic. Bile does not enter the pancreas; if it does, the pancreas may become acutely inflamed. This process of pancreatitis destroys pancreatic tissue and leads

Insulinomas are the most frequent of the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours accounting for 50% of cases. 10-15% are malignant and more than 99% are found in the pancreas. They are typically small, less than 2cm in size.

The name pancreas was coined by Rufus of Ephesus (circa 100 A.D.) from the Greek word pan: all and kreas: flesh or meat. It was so named because of its uniform composition and consistency and lack of bone or cartilage (Bhandari, 2008).

With latest advances in laparoscopic technique, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) has emerged as a broadly acknowledged surgical technique for benign or malignant tumor of the pancreas with an advantage of minimally invasive surgery and less postoperative pain [1, 2]. When performing distal pancreatectomy, the spleen is generally removed for easy accessibility, because of its anatomical closeness to the distal pancreas and to ensure extensive resection of lymph nodes located along the splenic artery and the splenic hilum. However, growing concern about the immunological role of the spleen, in conjunction with an inclination towards healthy organ preservation, have led surgeons to avoid splenectomy at some stage during pancreatectomy

Pancreatitis is a disease that involves the pancreas. The pancreas is a large gland which is located behind the stomach and right next to the small intestine. There are two main functions that the pancreas does; one, “It releases powerful digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid the digestion of food, and two, It releases the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. These hormones help the body control how it uses food for energy” (Digestive Disorders Health Center, 2005-2015). With pancreatitis disease, it means that the pancreas is becoming inflamed. When this happens the digestive enzymes starts attacking the pancreas.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is an aggressive and difficult malignancy to treat. It is the 4th most common cause of death by cancer in the US. PDA encompasses 85% of all pancreatic cancers with a 5% survival rate five years after diagnosis. It consists of a dense fibrous stroma that is made up of a heterogeneous population of cells including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, pancreatic stellate cells and immune cells. It is believed that this fibrous network promotes cancer progression and induce resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Pancreas is an organ in the body that secretes hormones such as insulin which is important in keeping normal blood sugar. When the pancreas is unable to produce or produces little insulin then one suffers from type I diabetes. When the body becomes resistant to the insulin or produces insulin that is not enough then an individual suffers from type II diabetes. So as to be able to control diabetes one has to fully rely on drugs and injections. This means that once diabetes sets in there is no cure. A solution to all these problems is the artificial pancreas. Artificial pancreas is a device that mimics the functioning of a healthy pancreas of regulating blood sugar. The tiresome of controlling the blood sugar manually can be a risky one since as humans one must sleep and cannot control blood sugar when asleep. Therefore this system includes a blood sugar monitoring device that controls the blood sugar. The problems associated with the manual blood sugar control are reduced since the blood sugar monitoring device ensures that the blood sugars are well regulated. Therefore the purpose of the use of artificial pancreas is to ease the therapy diabetes and to ensure safety of patients by

There are over three million Americans that have already been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, and another 15,000 children and 15,000 adults being diagnosed each year. Although frequently overshadowed by the better known type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that is not caused by “being fat” or “eating unhealthy” as many would ignorantly infer. Type 1 diabetes, however, is caused by the attacking of the immune system on the pancreas, denying it the ability to carry out its most important function, producing insulin to help control one’s blood glucose levels. For over a decade now, biomedical engineers, scientists, and doctors have been working diligently and effectively on creating a closed-loop