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Paley's Argument For Intelligent Design

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In this paper I am going to analyze intelligent design as an alternative to evolution, examining each theory’s strengths and weaknesses. I will focus on the watchmaker analogy as an argument for intelligent design, as it was conceived by William Paley. Next, I will present Hume's Dialogues in an argument discussing the watchmaker analogy. I will then present a final argument from design of my own, an answer to Epicurus’ question - an omnipotent anthropomorphic god is not necessarily what is shown in this case, and what can be shown is far stranger indeed.
Paley’s argument for intelligent design works off of an inference of a creator from the creation. Paley, when looking at living organisms, saw an apparent organization of parts, or a design. …show more content…

My instant reaction to Paley is to question his immediate throwing away of the rock - to Cleanthes, the rock and the watch seem to exhibit the same type of order, while Paley seems to have no problem dismissing the rock as “[having] lain there forever” (Design Argument, 12). What I mean to illustrate is that the type of design exhibited in a snow-angel and a snowflake seem to be the same for Cleanthes. The snowflake was created seemingly out of nature, in order with principles that also seem to come from nature itself. The snow-angel was created by a human. This is, I take it, where Cleanthes formulates the argument of anthropomorphism. Since both effects resemble each other, to too should their causes, and since a human created the snow-angel, whatever created the snowflake must have some aspect of humanity to it (Design Argument, 13).
To take stock here, though, is to show that Cleanthes argument stops short of exactly what it wants to prove, i.e. intelligent design. Cleanthes argument will show that there is some human-like designer, but that is all. Any further inferences as to the designer’s qualities are auxiliary to the main hypothesis. Such auxiliary claims as the designer is god, or that the designer is omnipotent, or even that there is only one designer are all secondary …show more content…

Adaptive patterns such as wings can also come about through entirely different means or processes, in a process called convergent evolution. We can see this when we look at the differences between bat and bird wings. The reason this can happen then, is because of variation, the first basic feature of evolutionary theory. We can see the amount of variation between and within populations - differences that can be passed on, specifically, so they must be heritable variations, if they are to matter to evolution. For example, an animal may mutate and grow wings, but as a result of mutation become infertile. Even though this is an adaptive change mechanically, on the scale of evolution it is not, because the animal won’t be able to pass on it’s variation, and so will die

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