Pain Concept Analysis

Pain is one of the most common reason patient seek out help. The concept of pain can affect every person is some form or way. Pain can stand alone as a theory or fix with other theories like Comfort, Self- care, and more. As a surgical nurse I need to have a higher understanding of the patients I care for to ensure they receive the best care. Concept analysis is a form of research that allows a person to explore a theory/ concept to the fullest degree in an organized way. This concept analysis will take Walker & Avant’s steps to form a better understanding into pain.

Orthopedic nursing interventions are easily exemplified according to the particular form of comfort addressed and the specific context of those needs. The taxonomic structure of the comfort theory is well-suited and easily-applicable to this environment. Relief of pain, or that state in which a certain comfort

I support this idea of achieving absolute pleasure from the removal of all pain due to a series of corresponding reasons. The first factor addressed in support of this claim is the tendency of human nature to focus on the negative. This observation will lead to the second supporting idea that these distresses which culminate towards the feeling of pain often block out the feeling of the pleasure desired. This secondary notion results in a comparison between the subsequent uplifting experiences from the removal of pain as opposed to the effect of a simple everyday pleasure on the mind. I

Pain is one of the most influential symptoms that leads individuals to reach out to health care professionals to seek relief. Pain is subjective and unique to each person. Some individuals may have a higher pain tolerance than others. According to Frandsen (2014), “Pain is an unpleasant, sensory, emotional sensation associated with actual or potential tissue injury” (p. 889). Pain may be caused by a variety of elements, such as tissue or nerve damage and surgery. There are three main categories that pain is classified by, which are origin, duration, and cause. The main focus of this paper is on acute pain, chronic pain, and phantom pain. It is crucial to know how to assess each type of pain, as well as how to enhance it, or decrease the pain.

‘Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage’ (International association for the study of pain 2014). Pain can be made up of complex and subjective experiences. The experience of pain is highly personal and private, and can not be directly observed or measured from one person to the next (Mac Lellan 2006). According to the agency for health care policy and research 1992, an individuals self-report of pain is the most reliable indicator of its presence. This is also supported by Mc Caffery’s definition in 1972, when he said ‘Pain is whatever the experiencing patient says it is, existing whenever he says it does’.

Pain affects all aspects of life, physical, emotional, psychological, social and spiritual. Clinicians in order to be effective need to understand these many aspects of pain management.

There are many concepts in nursing theory that need further clarification. A concept analysis can provide a thorough explanation of a term in nursing theory that will help healthcare professionals better communicate. The Walker and Avant approach to perform a concept analysis was specifically formulated with nurses in mind (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Walker and Avant proposed a concept analysis be used to further understand the meaning of a term or concept in anticipation that those using the term would have the same understanding (McEwen & Wills, 2014). When a term or concept is in question or needs further questioning in any field of nursing, a concept analysis is indicated (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Walker and Avant’s concept analysis is comprised of eight steps; select a concept, determine the aim of the concept, list all possible uses of concept, defining attributes, model case, alterative case (borderline, related, contrary, invented, and illegitimate), list antecedents and consequences, and lastly list empirical referents (McEwen & Wills, 2014). The defining attributes are deemed most beneficial in obtaining comprehension due to the fact that these attributes show which show up in regularity when relating to the concept (Linda & Judith, 2011). Using the Walker and Avant concept analysis model a formal concept analysis will be performed on the term “pain”. Middle range nursing theory gave the example of pain as one of many concepts used in nursing (McEwen & Wills, 2014).

Uncontrolled pain can have a major impact on a patient’s quality of life and the ability to obtain successful operative outcome. (Crisp et. al 2012) The importance of pain management in postoperative care is emphasised in this essay, to provide the understanding that effective postoperative care includes providing the patients with maximum comfort, satisfaction and encourage the healing process for early discharge from hospital. Inadequate pain control in postoperative care can also enable the patient to feel hopelessness, develop depression and other effects that can lead to detrimental consequences. (Human Rights Watch 2009) Therefore, the effects of uncontrolled pain is also discussed in this essay, to highlight the significance of appropriate

This theory has been a guiding frame for a lot of studies and researches. Some of the areas are nurse midwifery, perioperative nursing, urinary bladder control, orthopedic nursing, etc. For clinical practice, the perianesthesia nurses incorporated comfort theory in managing their patients’ comfort. The comfort theory was also used as a teaching philosophy in a fast- track nursing education program for students. Kolcaba developed the General Comfort Questionnaire to measure holistic comfort in a sample of hospital and community participants. She also asserts that emphasizing and

Also the findings can be a baseline for future research in getting effective health intervention that can help in developing a nursing research. Pain is now the considered as part of vital signs in most hospitals, therefore we need an effective nursing model for pain. The concept of pain is an essential part of healthcare. Most elderly feel significant pain complications secondary to arthritis (Walker el al., 1990). In order to successful cope with continuing pain felt by elderly population, their perception of pain and the managing approaches used need to be assumed (Jensen el al.,

Pain defined as an unpleasant physical suffering or sensation that is set off in the nervous system and affects a broad range of population from neonates to elderly. Pain can be either acute in nature which could last for few days to a week, sub-acute (two weeks to twelve weeks) or chronic in nature (lasts more than twelve weeks to years or even decades). In the world of rehabilitation, acute pain is seen as a warning sign and can be treated whereas chronic pain is more complex but treatable. Physical therapists often treat patients suffering from chronic pain that is physically disabling in nature. Evidence points out that pain is the universal complaint in emergency department visits and opioids, namely morphine is the norm of treatment of

As simple as it sounds, pain is anything but simple. Pain is a multidimensional perceptual experience that not only includes the physical injury but consequences that are not physiologic at all. Think about the last time you hurt yourself -- not only did you feel the sensory (ouch!), but you also had a behavioral reaction (maybe you moved away from something), you had a thought (“I can’t belief I did that.”), an image or memory (the last time you did it), an emotion (anxiety, irritation), and a social experience (sympathy). Each one of these is like a river that feeds into the pool of pain. Because there are so many channels, peoples’ experience of pain is unique to them -- and those who appear to have identical injuries or illnesses can

Pain perception consists of more than mere sensation. Researcher’s interest has been held in the task of determining what components form a patient’s experience of pain. The perception to this particular stimuli has a strong psychological contribution where both affective and evaluative components hold emphasis as some of the main predictors in a given pain signal. Production and transmission of pain signals in addition, also contribute to an individual’s experience with pain (Patterson & Ptacek, 1997).

Approximately 7 to 64% of all individuals will have persistent pain (Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2011). Thus there are effects to having persistent pain (Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2011). Some of those effects of having persistent pain are the following: impact on wellbeing, impact on employment and impact on social function (Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2011). Research has shown that there has been progress made with communicating and controlling pain however they are only minor steps (Hadjistavropoulos et al., 2011). Therefore with seeing that communicating pain is a significant aspect when dealing with pain researchers wanted

The standard view of pain holds that pains are phenomenal mental states (experiences) with a particular type of phenomenal character (unpleasant). This view is reflected, for example, in the definition given by the International Association for the Scientific Study of Pain: A pain is “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.” And it is also clear in philosophical discussions. For instance, Kripke (1980, 152) asserts that “pain… is not picked out by one of its accidental properties; rather it is picked out by the property of being pain itself, by its immediate phenomenological quality.” And, of course, this phenomenological quality is that pains hurt.