PA 7 - Johnford
1. TOPIC: Lymphatic Systems Assists in Fluid Circulation
A. How are lymph capillaries structurally and functionally SIMILAR to blood capillaries?
ANSWER: The structures between the two are similar in a way that they look like a web or roots, and they both function to collect and return blood to the heart from the blood cycle (1 p. 399).
B. How are lymph vessels structurally and functionally SIMILAR to veins which carry blood.
ANSWER: The lymph vessels and the veins both have valves that are one way, and allow the blood to return to the heart. The valves looks like gateways for the blood flow (1 p. 372 and 399).
C. Describe why normal blood flow through the cardiovascular system absolutely depends on a healthy lymphatic
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339, 401, 525).
C. Describe and explain the differences in CELL composition between the 3 primary body fluids: blood, intercellular (AKA interstitial) fluid, lymph.
ANSWER: The cell composition of blood composed of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets where all except the WBCs perform their functions within the blood only which involves transport and coagulation for platelets. While the interstitial fluid like water within the spaces between cells. Lymph is just like leaked blood that is collected by the lymphatic system but cleansed of any foreign or waste materials because of lymph nodes (6, 5, 1 p. 400 ).
3. TOPIC: Lymph Vessels
A. Compare and contrast afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels. Describe in one way in which they are similar and one way they are different.
ANSWER: The afferent lymphatic vessels are one way vessels where lymph can access the lymph node while efferent lymphatic vessels are where the lymph can exit the lymph node, however because of the numbers of efferent vessels than afferent vessels; there is some traffic within the node. They are similar in a way like they have valves to prevent backflow like one way road or a when you drive through a car wash (1 p. 402).
B. Given that lymph vessels carry under very low pressure, they require assistance in moving lymph, especially vessels below the level of the heart which must move lymph upwards against gravity. The 2 mechanisms which
29. If all the 280 million molecules of hemoglobin contained in RBCs were free in the plasma,
C) Vibration and sound are used to form words by occluding a valve over the stoma
16. The following statements refer to your observation of one or more of the vessel types observed in the microcirculation in the
The difference between the efferent arteriole and the afferent arteriole is that the efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus, while the afferent arteriole has a backup of blood flow in the glomerulus. This is due to the afferent arteriole being smaller in diameter, which creates a resistance to blood flow. The backup of blood then causes an increased pressure level in the glomerular cavity.
Both the right and left atrium contract causing blood to flow though the two valves, and then into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta. This systemic circulation system is much bigger than the pulmonary circulation system, which is why the left ventricle is so big. The blood on the left side of the heart is oxygenated. It becomes oxygenated when the deoxygenated blood passes through the right atrium and then flows into the left ventricle. It is then pumped along the pulmonary artery into the lungs where it is oxygenated. It then travels through the pulmonary veins back into the heart. It enters through the left atrium and then travels to the left ventricle. This process is repeated over and over again, to make blood continuously flow through the heart, lungs and body. This process ensures that there is always enough oxygen for the body to work
Sketch of Reticular Connective Tissue Slide (Lymph Node). Describe the structures you observed on the slide
A lymphocyte is a small white blood cell with a single nucleus. The lymph vessels carry fluid from the tissues to the circulatory system, and it moves from blood to capillaries. Lymphatic capillaries form to create lymph vessels which lack basement membranes making them more dense than blood vessels. Lymph nodes are smalls seed-sized swellings inside the lymphatic vessels where the lymph fluid will be filtered before it enters the blood stream.
Afferent and Efferent arteriole- Afferent arteriole are heading towards the body, while efferent arteriole travel away from the body. One major difference is the pressure in blood. In the afferent arteriole, the pressure in the blood is way higher than it is in the efferent arteriole.
In addition to the circulatory system, lymphatic system also participates in both acute and chronic inflammation. The main function of lymphatic system during inflammation is to maintain tissue hemostasis by draining extravascular fluids and macromolecules, which helps drain interstatial fluid that accumulates because of increased vascular permeability. Lymphatic system also plays a role in immune surveillance during normal and inflammatory conditions. The lymphatic vessels help clear antigens and antigen-presenting cells by collecting interstatial fluid. Lymphatic vessels are the principle conduit for to antigens and antigen-presenting cells from peripheral tissues to the lymph nodes,
1. Which is more likely to occur, a change in blood vessel radius or a change in blood vessel length?
The lymphatic and immune system are made up of, Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland and tonsils. They pick up excess tissue fluid, cleanse it and return it to the circulatory system. The component that comprise blood are plasma, erythrocytes, leukocyte and platelets. The way they work is, blood transports gases, nutrient and waste to all areas of the body either attached to erythrohemocys or dissolved in the plasma white blood cells fight infection and disease that can hurt the body. The platelets help stop the blood by clotting the cut so you don’t bleed out and die.
Without it, our bodies would blow up like balls, overpowering our cells with bad fluid. The lymphatic systems impact is extensive to the point that many don't comprehend that minor a throbbing or light pain, low vitality or no defense to colds and flu may be a direct result of a lazy lymphatic system and a bad immunity protection. blood plasma spills into tissues through the thin layers of walls of the vessels. The part of blood plasma that departs from the blood circulation is called interstitial or extracellular liquid, and it contains oxygen, glucose, amino acids, and different supplements required by tissue cells. Albeit the greater part of this liquid leaks quickly over into the circulation system, a piece of it is abandoned. The lymphatic system eliminates this liquid. A lymphatic obstacle is a blockage in the lymphatic structure. The lymphatic system includes lymph nodes and vessels that vacant fluids out of your body's
The lymphatic system is very similar, and works with and directly at the side of the cardiovascular system. The lymphatic system has a network of vessels like the circulatory system which pump a plasma-like fluid called lymph around it’s own lymph vessels, and are found in most other tissues of the body, except the central nervous system.
The first one is called plasma is the largest section of your blood is made up mostly of water in the intravascular fluid (inside the blood vessels) of the extravascular cell (around the outside of the cell).