Ottoman Empire Research Paper

The Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans were powerful islamic empires that were able to rise to great influence and power, becoming main rivals to other European states in the process. This rise into power was possible because of their prodigious investment and development of their militaries, government operation under a fair, merit-based system, and tolerance for various religions; however, these societies faced their demise after crippling government corruption through negligent leadership and ever increasing social tension began to materialize.

The Islamic empires of the Ottoman, Safivid, and Mughal were unique as they were some of the most dominant, powerful, and influential Islamic empires during their time and were considered more stable than their Islamic predecessors. These empires existed in some of the same and different eras and physical locations in the world; the Ottoman Empire existed in the 13th century through the 20th century in the modern day parts of Eastern Europe, North Africa, West Asia, and the Middle East, the Safavid Empire existed in the 16th century through the 18th century in the modern day parts of Eastern Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, specifically in modern day country of Iran (Persia), and the Mughal Empire existed in the 16th century through 19th century in the modern day parts of Southern Asia. These empires have had a continuing influence on civilizations years beyond their existence. These empires’ Islamic religion was also directly part of their politics, but they still were able to effectively control many areas with people that did not have the same religious or political beliefs.

On a religious point of view for all the empires. The Governments in all 3 were muslim based. Mughals were the only group that was not predominately Muslim. Muslims were only a small minority Ottomans were Sunni Muslims. The Ottoman titles were claimed to be caliphs. They maintained Islamic law called Sandri'a. Only applied to Ottoman Muslims. Ottoman minorities were mostly

The ottomans political organizing was a patrimonialism bureaucratic empire which had a grand vizier, a chancellor, and a judiciary. Patrimonial bureaucratic empire meant that everything was centered on the sultan.

The Ottoman Empire: The Ottoman dynasty, in which, was named for its founder Osman Bey, a leader of a band of semi-nomadic Turks who migrated to northwestern Anatolia in the thirteenth century. Osman and his followers sought to become ghazi warriors who fought for their faith.

Gunpowder empires were one of the most successful empires in the Middle East thanks to an innovative war technology: gun powder. The Safavids and the Ottomans belonged to the category of “gun-powder empires” since their use of gunpowder weaponry prolonged their reign in the Middle East. Both of the empires’ success was occasioned by their centralization of power and reliance on elite groups of “outsiders” as a form of unifying their unconditional rule. Thus in the process of centralization, both the Ottomans and Safavids displayed similar patterns that paralleled their monarchy (Aslanian). In other words, the Safavids and the Ottomans displayed similarities through the consolidation of their government via recruitment methods and counteractions of power.

Babur was the founder of the Mughul Empire and was religiously tolerant because he was married to a Hindu women. The next ruler of the Mughul Empire after Babur would be Akbar, Babur’s grandson. Akbar was known for his religious tolerance towards all different religions. Akbar was an absolutist, however, he granted a great deal of autonomy to local Hindu rulers. He also appointed Hindu’s into his own government. After Akbar, came Shah Jahan who fought many expensive wars. These expensive wars, along with the construction of the Taj Mahal caused the Mughul Empire’s economy and trade to decline. Shah Jahan was tolerant of Hinduism but he made Islam the state religion. After Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb ruled over the Mughul Empire from 1658-1707. Aurangzeb was a devout Muslim and was not religiously tolerant at all. He imposed the jitza, expelled Hindu’s from government, and led the destruction of Hindu temples. Aurangzeb outlawed gambling, drinking, and prostitution throughout the Empire. Aurangzeb was the exact opposite of Akbar because Akbar was very religiously tolerant. The Mughul Empire went through periods of religiously tolerant rulers and non-religiously tolerant rulers which ultimately shaped the Empire into what it once

The Safavid Empire did not last as long as the Ottoman Empire, though it did play a significant role through giving Shiism a home base and a location for displaying Shiite culture. They owed their uprising to the Turkish-speaking tribesmen who followed a popular form of Islam. Though, in order to maintain power the Safavid had to turn to Persian-speaking landowners and orthodox ulama, which were the powerful and conservative elements of Iranian society.

The Ottoman Empire is known for being one of the largest empires in history and was noted to have lasted the longest. The empire was greatly influenced by Islam and the Islamic practices. The Ottoman Empire replaced the Byzantine Empire and became the foremost power in the Eastern Mediterranean. The height of the empire came while under the leadership of Suleiman the Magnificent who reigned between the years of 1520 and 1566. Under this rule, the empire grew to cover Hungary and the Balkans, even to the gates of Vienna (BBC, 1). One of the most impressive attributes of the Ottoman Turkish rule was the acceptance of a variety of religious beliefs, much like the rule

The Empire was mainly populated with Muslims who practiced Islam and Hinduism. They handled religious and heterogeneous people much more peacefully than the Ottoman Empire. Over a thousand languages were spoken and many different religions were allowed to be worshipped. The Varne system was implemented by the Brahman to keep peace. This Varne system separated Hindus into categories of social rank from the highest rank, “Brahmans” to the lowest, “Untouchables”. The Dharma is a belief that Hindus lived by and believed they needed to fulfill their life duties to move up in the social class chain. Also, during the Mughal Empire Buddhist believed to follow “the four truths” which were about the reality of suffering. Allowing religious and linguistic diversity made it very hard to maintain and rule a dynasty. By having all these diversrse cultures under the Emperor’s leadership brought concern about rioting or the army turning against him. Akbar was one step ahead though and gave individual jobs for each part of his government and army. Each part of the army had someone watching over them called a Mansabdari to prevent a revolt against the Empire. The individual jobs monitored the financial, household, religious, judicial, and army divisions of the Empires. The Mughal was very interested in the arts and sciences, but also focused on expanding territory across India. Akbar built a very strong army,

The Ottoman Empire was one of the longest enduring territories ever. One of the purposes behind its life span was, to some degree, that it endured the presence of different confidence groups. As being what is indicated, ten million Turks had the capacity standard more than 250 million individuals on three continents. The Ottomans governed their subjects through the Millet community structure; every group had its own particular independent courts and could enact as indicated by its own particular religious laws. They additionally accepted different religious qualities.

In my paper I will compare the civilizations I chose. The three Empires I wrote about were the Ottoman Empire, Tang Dynasty, and the Harappan, they had many similarities, but their differences were few and I will compare each of them.

The Ottoman Turks emerged on the periphery of the Byzantine Empire and the Saljuk Turks. Under a Turkish Muslim warrior named Osman, raids were conducted in western Anatolia on Byzantine settlements and a vast number of Turks were united under his banner. Those Turks who flocked to Osman's banner and followed him into the history books came to be called the Ottomans. The word Ottoman, fits these Turks well as it roughly translates from Turkish as "those associated with Oman."

The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I, a valiant young warrior fighting as a Seljuk subordinate on the frontiers of the Byzantine Empire in the late thirteenth century. The Ottoman Empire was tremendously Islamic. The Empire existed from 1299 to 1923 as one of the major and lengthiest Empires in history. Moreover, the Ottomans were a dominant empire which captured many lands throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe. The Ottomans state began as one of many states that emerged in Asia Minor during the end of the Seljuk Turks. Osman’s successors won independence from their Seljuk Turks overlords and gradually conquered the surrounding principalities. After their end, the ottoman Turks began to take control of the other states belonging to the

Back in the days, Muslims empires ruled the world. They conquered every country in their path and made the countries practice their religion. They ruled each country with an iron fist and were able to create advancement in the government area. Which for a while, helped to keep them together. Two of this empire are the Ottoman empire and the Safavid empire, two empires with almost the same goal but ruled and battled differently. Here are their differences.