Introduction Work space planning has become one of the most important part of preconstruction activities. According to Kaming et al. 1998, Oglesby et al. 1989, and Zhang et al. 2007, Unsuitable work-space planning could lead to lots of problem in job site such as rework, loss of productivity, safety hazards, and issues of poor quality. Accordingly, a project manager should consider the work space as one of the important factor during a construction. According to Chau et al. 2004, Mallasi 2006, and Wang et al. 2004, although the grant chart, network diagram, and critical path method are some existing construction planning techniques, they have some limitations to demonstrate the three-dimensional features of activities. In addition, it is difficult even for expert project managers to manage work-space problems and their negative effects during the construction. Based on previous related studies, Byungjoo Choi, Hyun-Soo Lee, Moonseo Park, Yong K. Cho, and Hyunsoo Kim indicate a new work-space planning techniques in their article, “Framework for Work-Space Planning Using Four-Dimensional BIM in Construction Project”, by considering 4D BIM generation, work-space requirement identification, work-space occupation representation, work-space problem identification, and work-space problem resolution. Related Researches There are several related researches from 1994 until 2012. Overall, they suggest a scheduling technique by considering required space, space-constrained and
Upon reviewing Kudler Fine Food network, it has been determined that a major network overhaul will need to be conducted to make sure that Kudler is brought up to speed with the latest technology. This is very important because if Kudler is unable to keep up with the technological advances then the company will fall behind. Making sure that Kudler is not only able to keep up with the advances with network systems it is also important to install the proper systems so that no money is wasted. What is meant by this is that if the improper systems and storage units are installed to only handle data over the next year this is
In his paper, the author explains us how the technology advancement is taking place, how 2D modelling started initially, how it led to 3D modelling and now how building information modelling techniques are being linked to 3D modelling. BIM is not just about modelling, but it also includes project planning, design and construction. He clearly explains what BIM is in the form of a flow chart. Where he says that B in BIM stands for Residential, commercial, healthcare, institutional, sports and entertainment, I in BIM stands for Spatial, element, systems, quantities, schedule, operations and M in BIM stands for site, architectural, structural, MEP systems, sustainability and management. This all phases of the program are a continuous chain where programming, design, pre construction, construction, operations, and demolition are done. This research also supports that the concept of building information modelling is not only useful for the building’s geometric modelling, but also it can assist in the management of construction projects. In this research, the author has collected information from 35 construction projects that have already utilized BIM. The most common result that was observed was the cost reduction. For some people, BIM is a software application, where as for others, it is a process for designing and documenting
Many seem to see the violence against Matthew Shepard as a hate crime, which I agree with. Everything pointed to, from testimonies to evidence, shows that he was attacked due to his sexual orientation; however, the perpetrators, Aaron McKinney and Russel Henderson, didn’t even know Matt prior to the night of the incident, so how’d they know if he was gay or not? They reacted to his performance in a way that was consistent with their own learned gender performances. This theme of prejudice was a crime fueled by hate, but facilitated by gender performance.
This research paper is focused on one of the biggest concern of the construction industry in today’s world, which is “Construction Delay Claims”. A construction project consists different individual or interdependent activities. There is a higher possibility that some sort of delay might occur in any of the involved activities. In order to mitigate issue of delays and make delay claim resolving process easier, researcher and engineers came with an idea which is know as “Critical Path Method (CPM)”. CPM would have different activity paths but among them the longest path (based on time duration) is known as critical path. Critical path is also known as “Zero Float Path”. Float is a certain extra amount of time allotted to activities which can be utilized before or during that activity. It can be understood that any delay in the activities that are on critical path could cause overall project to be delayed. Though delays are quiet common in construction projects, it is necessary to determine whether the delay is critical or not. Once the criticality of the delay is decided then the responsible party for the delay is determined. This is the basic logic behind all the construction delay claims assessment methodologies. Key tools in the assessment procedure are As- planned schedule and As- build schedule for the project. As- planned scheduled is the schedule submitted by the contractor to the owner prior to the construction work starts. As- build schedule is the schedule which
A work breakdown structure (WBS) will develop for this project and the WBS is based on the project charter, scope statement, and other relevant information. Gantt chart and network diagram also will be well prepared for this project. While preceding the planning stage, the resource usage cash flow report will showing the hours each person is assigned to work on each task each week. Furthermore, the probability/ impact matrix and list of prioritized risks for the project will be included in the project
You are the network manager of a company that has grown from 10 employees to 100 employees in 12 months. Year 2 projected growth is estimated to be 100 additional employees located at a remote location. The aggressive growth has brought about some unique challenges and opportunities. The company has one remote warehouse and no off-site disaster recovery services or servers. The network design remains a non-redundant, flat topology.
The network diagram is a logically schematic display provides graphical view for the project details like the tasks required to be performed, the relations between them and the duration’s estimations for the task itself and for the entire project including the earliest time to beginning the work in a every task the earliest predicted finishing date of the project. Network diagrams used for detailed planning, analyzing scheduling in project implementation and as a control tool in the monitoring and control phase. Two methods used to build the network diagram task-on-the-arrow (TOA) method and the recently one called the task-on-the-node (TON) method, or, the precedence diagramming method (PDM).
Chapter 13 is titled “Scheduling Operations” and it is mainly about scheduling decisions for batch operations and how they deal with the allocation of scarce resources to jobs, activities, tasks, or customers. “Scheduling results in a time-phased plan, or schedule, of activities. The schedule indicates what is to be done, when, by whom, and with what equipment. Scheduling should be clearly differentiated from aggregate planning” (Schroeder, pg. 293).
This chapter extends the previous one on scheduling into the area of allocating resources among the activities of a project, or among multiple projects competing for the same resources. The chapter begins with a discussion of expediting project completion times and highlights that by selectively choosing which activities to crash and by how much, we can determine the minimum cost for all possible project completion time. The use of Excel’s Solver optimization routine to facilitate this analysis is also presented. Next, the chapter moves on to the topic of resource loading and in particular highlights the problems of over scheduling resources. The topics of resource leveling and
Over the past few years, the construction industry has been changing dramatically. One of the most important stages in the construction management and business management is the planning phase. They share similar two main levels of planning which are the strategic and operational planning. However, business management planning to decide in advance what should be done, and how to do it, when you do and you are done. On the other hand, Construction management strategic planning is to deal with selection on a high level of overall objective of the project, including the scope, procurement methods, schedules and financing options but the planning of operations, including the
One week, one month, one year or maybe even more, This is how long the wait could be for a death row inmate to receive the most positive profound or extreme punishment that can be given to him or her.The death penalty is often debated on the moral grounds, however it is significant that the process of putting an inmate to death happens within a system paid for by taxpayers.
The future of our industry lies in how best we can integrate and communicate all our work with various stakeholders to manage a project efficiently. This has given rise to an area called construction informatics where a significant amount of research is being done. The area deals with a range of subjects from integration to interoperability and from knowledge mining to strategic management. This area came into existence from two fields. The first was the use of computers to design and carry out time and cost calculations. The other was for computers to categorize and store essential information. Currently, integration, interoperability, innovation along with strategic management of Information and Communication Technologies are the key areas of research of construction informatics (Isikdag 2009).
* Scope of Work /Planning: It is the basic work of the construction management to define the scope of work to be executed for the timely completion of the project. It is their duty to prepare bi-weekly schedules of the work to be carried out in coordination with the safety risk control. The scheduling and preparation of method statement, resource planning, cost code allocation and daily man power is done by the construction management.
Scheduling is the process of assigning limited resources to a set of jobs over a period of time. The resources may be machine in a workshop, runways at an airport and crews at a construction site, as well as processing units in a computing environment. The jobs may be operation in the production process, take-offs and landing at an airport, stages in a construction project, executions of computer programs[30]. The goal of scheduling is to assign resources to the jobs such that one or more objective are optimized. Scheduling becomes an important concern when resources are limited and need to be utilized to complete many competing jobs efficiently. Many real world scheduling problem are multi-objective by nature. Traditionally, the most common approach has been to combine the multiple objective into a single scalar value by using weighted aggregating
Living the best life one can possibly achieve is a common objective among humans. To accomplish this, one must reach a beneficial harmony in their physical, mental and emotional health. Exercise is well known for its plentiful habits and can help individuals reach this accord. Physically, exercise improves muscle tone, lowers body fat, blood pressure, and cholesterol, and increases energy. Overtime, the body will work effectively and efficiently with little effort. The mental benefits of exercise allow for a healthy self-esteem, reduce stress levels, and aid in setting and achieving goals. With increased physical and mental boosts, the emotional status of a person who exercises will alter as well. One can expect substantial relief from