The period between the Civil War and the Great Depression was the most rapid period of urbanization in the nation’s history. During the late 1800’s the population expanded about four times in urban areas. Young reformers believed poverty could be alleviated with proper policy, focused assistance, and better government regulation. The efforts of these reformers would later be termed “progressivism,” and this period would become known as the “Progressive Era”. Negative consequences came of urbanization. Progressives push for these reforms. And in this paper I will define these different points.
The Depression of 1893 caused widespread unemployment and poverty in New York City and across the country. This was the worst the country had seen since about two decades ago. The effects of this economic downturn, and a desire to relieve the suffering of the poor, inspired a generation of economic and social reformers. Without savings or income, the poorest New Yorkers soon found themselves without shelter. Twenty thousand homeless people crowded into parks, slept on the streets, or managed to secure temporary places in lodging houses.
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It caused social problems like domestic abuse, health problems, and work injuries. Progressive reformers focused their fight against the consumption of alcohol on the saloons. Saloons were a major center of immigrant culture, for they were not only bars but important social gathering places and where most political machines operated out of. The Progressives war on saloons was motivated by a sincere concern for the real dangers of alcohol consumption and its effect on families, particularly on innocent women and children, and also by a less compassionate anti-immigrant sentiment. Overall, Prohibition aimed at decreasing, if not stopping, drinking by the working class, especially working-class immigrants. Prohibition also had an economic motivation: employers wanted sober, efficient
During both the Progressive era and the New Deal era, policies as well as programs were being created in an effort to assist the American public, specifically those living in poverty. Throughout the early 1900’s Roosevelt had strayed away from the typical laissez-faire policy and decided that the people would need to be guided by the government. “Wilsonian Progressivism” had also aimed at assisting the public with his “New Freedom Program” which consisted of antitrust legislation, banking reform as well as tariff reductions. After the stock market crashed in 1929, America had fallen into a Great Depression resulting in the unemployment of millions. Newly elected Franklin D. Roosevelt decided to present his
The most significant historic development of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era was the urbanization of the U.S. population. In the first half of this period, the United States experienced a dramatic rise in European immigration, rapid industrialization, and significant movement away from rural areas. Each of these developments was responsible, in part, for the speedy urbanization of American society. The Progressive Era, another period of sustained urban growth, produced a humanitarian response to the problems and excesses that were created during the Gilded Age. The Gilded Age was aptly named because things appeared better on the outside than they really were. With this mass movement of people from rural to urban areas, it is easy to think that some people of the day thought the city was truly a place of opportunity. While new immigrants, the working class, and some middle class citizens believed the city was a place of opportunity, some of the wealthy looked to move away from the evils of the city.
In the progressive era many problems in the urban areas in the United States were looked and reformed by many of the people living in the United states. Reforms were looked upon by many people concerning the society they lived in and the government who controlled them. People even wanted reforms on how government officials were elected
Our discussion revolves around the Progressive Era of American history, dated in the early 1900’s. Richard M. Abrams author of The Failure of Progressivism, and The Progressive Era: American Society 1900-1914’s Wynn, are two scholars who gave their humble opinion to the question of was progressivism a failure. Abrams believed progressivism failed simply because American society was still scarred from heinous acts committed towards certain groups and refusal to deal with this held back any progress to be made; whereas Wynn believed that society was more prosperous due to social upheaval for almost all minuscule groups by those groups in American society—almost all. Abrams was correct in his analysis, progressivism did fail simply because to achieve something would be to make sure all of your goals are met; progressives strived to ensure certain goals were met but failed because they did not incorporate disenfranchised groups such as the African Americans and immigrants, while claiming mass success for those who fit the ideals of a typical American as Wynn did in his analysis.
The Progressive Era was a period in American history between 1890 and 1920. During this period the United States underwent dramatic cultural, social and political changes. Global influence, the industrial revolution, urban growth, and immigration, created unexpected impacts on society. The rapid changes questioned the Nation’s constitutional ideals of individualism and small non-intrusive federal government. Many now felt that a large interventionist government would be more responsive to the needs of the people. Progressivism was born in the confusion of this era. It was not a unified movement with a singular definition but a combination of several similar but often contradictory goals. The term “Progressive” meant to advocate for social
In my opinion, the most important reform during the Progressive Era was his antitrust policy. Monopolies and trust, most of the time are very bad for consumers. First, because their is only one company controlling them, they can set any price they choose regardless of the demand, because they know that the consumer has no other choice whatsoever. Considering this, they will raise cost for consumers leading to inflation. Now, one of the many problems caused by this marketing controlling, is that sadly, they have no economic reason to improve or revolutionize their product, which means that as long as they are up, consumers will not have any new product coming from them. Being so, when Teddy Roosevelt created the antitrust act, he immediately
If people did come into work intoxicated they would cause lots of accidents and injuries. This created a problem for businesses who were suffering drops in productivity. This also brought up an issue for households who were dependent on husbands to earn money, as large numbers of drunken men were unable to work safely let alone even show up. Although prohibition created new jobs for bootleggers and prostitutes, it created a vast amount of problems in the everyday workplace and for the government since their incomes were not
One of the biggest leading social issues around the world is homelessness. In the United States alone, there are more than half a million people experiencing homelessness. There are different factors that led a person to homelessness, economic, social, political issues, and natural disasters. But in the United States, homelessness is often caused by system failure, and people and with related issues. A brief history of homelessness, the issues documented during the early colonial period, back then it was viewed as a character flaw in the person and not outside causes. The Great Depression hits the United States hard and millions lost their jobs result in homelessness. Comes swooping in with the New Deal policy from presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt helps save the economy by providing jobs and helps reduce homeless population (Homelessness). In the early 80’s the economy was losing jobs again due to the decline of manufacturing, causes a high-rise in homelessness. That led to many cutbacks in affordable housing, medical care that makes many mentally ill patients unable to afford housing. With that many Individuals with disabilities or mental health issues that can’t afford proper health can be in danger of homelessness. But for those who are already living on the streets don’t have access to nutrient, personal hygiene, and other serious health conditions. There is some organization across the United States that provides health care service for
During the Great Depression most people were without a home. Homeless living became life in a lot of areas. People left and struggle to survive as said “,Homeless living soon became a way of life for many Americans as they struggled just to stay alive. Across the
The 1920s seemed to promise a future of a new and wonderful way of life for America and its citizens . Modern science, evolving cultural norms, industrialization, and even jazz music heralded exciting opportunities and a future that only pointed up toward a better life. However, cracks in the facade started to show, and beginning with the stock market crash of 1929 the wealth of the country, and with it the hopes and expectations of its people, began to slip away. The Great Depression left a quarter of the population unemployed and much of the rest destitute and uncertain of what the future held. Wealth vanished, people took their money out of banks, and plans were put on hold. The most significant way in which the Great Depression affected Americans’ everyday lives was through poverty because it tore relationships apart and damaged the spirit of society while unexpectedly bringing families together in unity.
During the time from the 1890s to the 1920s a period of social and political reform took place in the United States known as the Progressive Era. “The era saw the expansion of political and economic freedom through the reinvigoration of the moment for woman suffrage, the use of political power to expand workers rights’ and efforts to improve democratic government by weakening the power of the city bosses and giving ordinary citizens more influence on legislation.” The progressive reformers from this time gained a majority of their support from the education middle-class of urban areas. Another term used to describe these reformers is Muckrakers.
Through a multitude of significant changes physically, conceptually, economically, and more, the societal reformation of cities in the Progressive Era had set themselves as the foundations of American civilization. The juxtaposition between the rich and poor statuses in these urban areas show the drastic separation within developing cities. Through this division caused a wide variety of living conditions, the majority of which held the overcrowded sections of cities where the population mostly stayed while the higher end communities had more luxurious lives. Through this success of entrepreneurship and economic growth from all aspects in cities, the entire landscape, both physically through innovative architecture and the perspectives outside rural and suburban areas had on them, had transformed for the better in these areas.
The Great Depression was a very influential era in American history, affecting many future generations. One of the most prevalent impacts it had on society was the extreme poverty that swept across the nation, affecting both people in cities and in the country. The main cause for this poverty was the mass loss of jobs among the middle class. Millions lost their jobs and consequently their homes. Families lived out of tents and cars in shanty towns or Hoovervilles. In these camps, many people didn’t have their basic human needs met, children and adults alike starved. They lived in clothes that were caked in dirt and tattered, too small for growing children and too cold for the frail elderly. Government relief programs attempted to help but offered little support to the now impoverished families of the millions that lost everything.
The era of progressive reform was short, 1900 to about 1917, but much was accomplished and done in this short time span. Evils like child labor and social ills were thought curable by progressive optimists like John Spargo and Upton Sinclair but the main focus was urban America. The progressive reform movement was a period of awareness where people sought to change the injustices of society for example, Anti-Trust laws, recognition of environmental destruction and conservation of national park land, and improving the American way of life through significant areas of reform like women’s suffrage.
New York city’s population is 8.5 million, one in one hundred and forty-seven New Yorkers are currently homeless. it is estimated that 58,000 homeless men, women and children sleep in homeless shelters and at least 3,100 sleep in the streets during winter. (Bowery). By looking at the sociological impact of homelessness, I will argue that New York city’s greatest problem is homelessness.