Native American Culture And The Black Hills Part 4 Summary

Identity in Native America is directly associated with culture and language. As a result, some of the issues today which are important in shaping the identity of modern Native Americans include: representations of native people by the media in sports and popular culture; how indigenous languages are being revitalized and maintained; and identity reclamation. The Native American lifestyle has changed significantly during the last half of the 20th century and that is because views on the Native people have drastically changed over time. They have had many hardships that have greatly impacted their culture over the past few centuries leading up to today.

In 1874 gold was discovered in the Black Hills. President Grant was forced to make a harsh decision because the Black Hills were located in the Great Sioux Reservation that the Indians had gained under the Treaty of 1868. President Grant allowed miners to enter the Black Hills and insisted that this act would be legalized. Government attempted to acquire the Black Hills where the gold was located however Sitting Bull was against the sale of the land. The Great War of Sioux 1876 resulted from a disagreement between miners and Indians. Miners had already began to come to the Black Hills to mine for goal and the government allowed these things to happen. Because Sitting Bull and his army men were not sure of what would happened when the white men entered they were forced to attack in fear. “They had not interfered with the gold rush, and although they had not signed the Treaty of 1868, in sanctioned their residence in the unceded territory.”(Utley pg34). Sitting Bull gave orders to his young soldiers to harass whites at

Have you ever wonder how the world was created from another culture’s perspective? Native Americans used creation myths to explained to their people how the world was developed overtime. Creation myths are a big part of the Native American culture. they have been passed down from generation to generation. In the creation myths, harmony with nature, rituals, and strong social values are shown in each myths. The purpose of having strong social value in these myths is to teach younger Native Americans valuable lesson if they ever do something bad. These myths reveals how the rituals were created and their intentions for doing it. Creation myths has harmony with nature in it to show a very close kinship between them

In 1874, Custer led an army expedition to the Black Hills of present-day South Dakota, a sacred property of the Lakota-Sioux Nation, which was recognized under the Sioux Treaty of 1868. There, Custer and his men found a great amount of gold, and when President Grant and the US administration offered to buy the area, the Lakota-Sioux nation refused to sell due to its holiness in their culture. Two years later, the

Col. George Armstrong Custer was given a order to explore the Black Hills within reservation boundaries. He was also ordered to map and find a comfortable place with enough resources to plant a future military post. While Lt. Col. Custer was exploring the hills words of found gold were being spread by geologists. This lead to Miners and Entrepreneurs invading the land for profit of gold, which violated the treaty directly. When the US tried giving the Lakota prices to buy Black Hills they rejected it, which led to a deadline in January of 1876. It was said that all Sioux report to the reservation on January 31, but when there was no response in return, the task was handed off to the military. (Little Bighorn Battlefield National

Culture, as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary is stated as “The integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief and behavior that dpends upon the capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations. The customary beliefs, social forms and material traits of a racial, religious or social group. The set shared attitudes, values, goals and practices that characterizes an institution or organization. The set of values, conventions or social practices associated with a particular field, activity or societal characteristic.” Of these four definitions, I shall be focusing on the second one to discuss what makes up the culture of American Indians.The culture of the various tribes that made up the Native Americans is one of close knit families, highlyspiritual peoples and living together as one with the land they lived on. They believed in spirits, worshiping and honoring them. Some settled into single locations while others were nomadic, but all had a focus on working with the land around them. Because there are so many varying tribes that make up Native

The Blackfoot Indians were a very remarkable tribe. They have unique and interesting way to live, which I find fascinating. They live in the Northwestern United States and Canada. The Blackfoot Tribe consists of four Blackfoot nations who have the same cultural background but different leaderships. Those nations are the Siksika Nation, the Kainai or Blood Nation, the Pikanii or Peigan Nation, and the Blackfeet Nation. The Blackfoot Indians are a nomadic American Indian tribe that migrated to the to Northwestern United States. The first three nations are in Alberta, Canada and the fourth nation is in Montana. Most Blackfoot people still live in this region today.

The Cheyenne tribe were a powerful, resourceful, tribe of the Great Plains. They fought against the Americans when they went to take their land. Within their tribe there were very powerful role model like figures. Some of these leader like figures were Chief Roman Nose and Little Rock. All of the Native American tribes seemed interesting to learn about, but the Cheyenne tribe had a certain charm and dedication to their tribe that none of the of the other tribes seemed to have from the outside looking in.

The Eastern Woodland Indians was an Indian tribe that was located around the stretch from the Mississippi River to the Atlantic Ocean. Usually the Woodland Indians had settled west from the Atlantic. The Eastern Woodland tribe also settled from Canada in the North all the way to The Gulf of Mexico in the South. The Indians of The Eastern Woodlands tribe had spoke several different languages and dialects. According to www.indians.org, “Additionally, there were many groups such as the Cayuga, Mohawk, Onondaga, and Seneca tribes”. Many different parts of the Eastern Woodlands economy encouraged them to become a civilization such as the habitat of the Eastern Woodlands, the shelter, the food, and the culture of the Eastern Woodlands Indians.

Native American, or American Indians, have a rich culture comprised of struggle, strife and success. For this paper, i will discuss the Native American Culture and it's history.

The historic Black Hills ranges around hundred twenty miles long and close to fifty miles wide. This geographical landmark resides in the southwestern portion of South Dakota and is considered sacred to the Native American tribe known as the Lakotas. The Lakotas have fought for their rightful claim to the Black Hills and are currently still fighting to do so. The legal struggle for the Black Hills land claim began in the early 1920s under tribal lawyer Richard Case where he argued that the 1877 Act of February was illegal and that the United States never made a legitimate purchase of the land. However, In 1975, the U.S. Court of Claims made a shocking and powerful pronouncement about the U.S. Government’s taking of the Black Hills from the Lakotas. This action was “A more ripe and rank case of dishonorable dealing will never, in all probability, be found in our history.” This Court decision caused many question to arise,

In 1868 the “Treaty of Fort Laramie” was signed, It was an agreement between many Native American nations and the United States guaranteeing the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills. However it didn’t take long for the treaty to be violated. In 1876 migrant workers seeking gold crossed over the reservation borders which led to the “Black Hills War”.

In 1874 Gold was discovered in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Whites flooded the Native American land not caring about the invasion of the land. This was violating the treaty signed that designated this Indian Land. The United States pressured the Sioux Tribe to sign a new treaty in a pursuit of gold. General Philip Sheridan swiftly moved his troops on to native lands in-order to take out the Sioux warriors. The Sioux warded off many of these attacks by the United States. In June of 1876 Lieutenant

About 35 thousand head of cattle were shipped out of the yard in Abilene during its first year in operation

,After the civil war thousand of white settlers set their sight westward. As a result they were on a direct collision course with the american indians. When they encountered the native americans of the west they were met with hostility and they called for the american military to help with the struggle. After battling with the natives for a while the U.S government decided to compromise with the natives. In 1868, “the Fort Laramie treaty between the United States and the Lakota Indians” was signed. The purpose was to “ bring long-lasting peace” and to assure the indians the Lakota that the Black Hills would become a permanent part of the Lakota Indian reservation. However in 1874 Lieutenant Colonel George Custer led an expedition to the black hills and found gold. He illegally laid claim to the gold deposit and sent for the american military to intervene. The united states breached the contract and once again the fight resumed.