Myasthenia Gravis Research Paper

Autosomal dominant LGMD occur less often than recessive dominant LGMD. In the metabolism myotilin gene mutations occur, it may be due to a deficiency of vitamin B12, vitamin E, folate or exposures to nitrous oxide. LGMD 1A disease normally occurs from the age 42 to 77, and develops in the same areas (hip, shoulder and back) however, it could spread to the leg muscles. Due to the fact that myotilin gene is mutated, it causes focal myofibrillar destruction to occur, and this results in intracytoplasmic deposits to float around in the blood stream. In one case study done in Barcelona in 2011, there were 13 patients who were all diagnosed with myotilin gene mutation disease. The results showed that the deposits of myofibrillar became immune to myotilin and cluster up the vacuoles and interfere with the Z-lines. Overall the study revealed that each patient shared the same phenotypic characteristics, LGMD 1A and myofibrillar myopathy variations which emphasizes that LGMD is a developing neuromuscular disorder (Montse,

Imagine how it would be like if you can’t run and have to be in a wheelchair at a young age. You would face lot’s of difficulties like having to get up and walking. A rare disease called Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy can do this to you. Duchenne is a disease with rapidly worsening muscle weakness. It is not very well know. Boys are more likely to have it them girls because boys don’t inherit a flawed dystrophin gene. This gene protects you from Duchenne.

In the world today, there are approximately about 10 in one million people who are affected by the disease called myositis. With it being a rare, myositis is a disease in which the skin and muscle fibers become damaged or inflamed which result in muscle weakness. There are many different types of myositis along with causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.

The most common features of Neuromyotonia is muscle stiffness, muscles contracting, twitching muscles (myokymia), and weakened reflexes. These symptoms can be designated to a particular area, usually the face and hands or throughout the body. Stiffness is mostly featured in the limbs and trunk muscles. Observable symptoms include abnormal movements, pains and cramps. Behavioral changes include disruptive sleep, excessive sweating, although these types of symptoms are uncommon. Symptoms can occur during sleep and when under anesthesia. Muscle fiber excessive activity can lead to muscle weakness or increase size of muscle cells known as hypertrophy (David, Firth, Cox 515). Being diagnose with Neuromyonia ranges from a wide age range fifthteen to sixty, most people experience signs before their forties (Maddison 2119).

As a whole, muscular dystrophy is a group of many different diseases causing muscle weakness and muscle loss in skeletal muscles that control movement of the body (Korschun, 2007). Each distinction of this genetic disease may affect different muscle groups and even have different symptoms. One thing these diseases have in common is that the person affected will lose more and more muscle as they age. Currently, there is no cure for muscular dystrophy but there is treatment that may help alleviate the pain and slowing the disease down (Muscular Dystrophy, n.d.).

Myasthenia gravis is a disease that affects voluntary muscles of the body; it causes the weakening of the muscles. In this essay we will talk about how to treat myasthenia gravis, the symptoms and causes

Patients with labyrinthitis suffer from the acute onset of continuous, usually severe vertigo lasting several days to a week, accompanied by hearing loss and tinnitus. During a recovery period that lasts for several weeks, vertigo gradually improves. The Hearing may return to normal or remain permanently impaired in the affected ear. The cause of labyrinthitis is unknown. Treatment consists of antibiotics if the patient is febrile or has symptoms of a bacterial infection, and supportive care.

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular system part of the body. Chronic means persisting for a long time or constantly recurring. Autoimmune disorder is the confusion of the body’s immune system. The immune system form antibodies that mistakenly identify healthy tissue as foreign and then, the antibodies will attack and/or destroy healthy body tissue. Neuromuscular is the nervous system relationship with the muscles bring about body movement.

It is estimated that 1 in 8,000 people worldwide develop the disease known as DM-Myotonica (GHR). DM-Myotonica is an inherited disease that causes an abnormal DNA expansion, which in turn creates an over abundance of certain types of genes, and ultimately disrupts the integrity of normal muscle function within in several parts of the body (MDA). The meaning of the name of the disease bears roots in Greek medicine, specifically the abbreviation DM, standing for dystrophia myotonica; the term dystrophy means bad nutrition and myotonic refers to tonic muscle spasms, or the inability of the muscles to relax (MDA 2015). There are two types of DM-myotonica which are named MMD1 and MMD2. MMD1 is the more prominent of the two, but both result in abnormal

Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, also known as psuedohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, is a typical sex-linked disorder in which the muscles degenerate throughout a person's life. It literally means "faulty nutrition of the muscles." Muscular Dystrophy has no cures, and this particular type of muscular dystrophy affects only males. One in 3,500 baby boys are born with this disorder and survival is rare beyond the early 30s, death is usually caused by a respiratory disease. (ygyh.org)

According to the MediLexicon Medical Dictionary, muscular dystrophy is defined as a general term for a number of hereditary, progressive degenerative disorders affecting skeletal muscles, and often other organ systems (Staff). Basically what that means is that muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder that is passed down that affects the skeletal muscles and other organs by slowly breaking them down. Since it is genetic, it is not contagious and you cannot catch it from someone who has it. MD weakens muscles over time, so children, teens, and adults who have the disease can gradually lose the ability to do the things most people take for granted, like walking or sitting up. Someone with MD might start having muscle problems as a baby or

Inclusion Body Myositis ,or IBM, is one of many muscle diseases known as inflammatory myopathies, which causes slowly progressing muscular atrophy and weakness(NINDS IBM ,2014,para 1). Let it be known that in this paper, I shall define IBM, give it’s symptoms and signs, as well as whether or not it is related to birth defects, trauma or age related pathology. A prognosis and diagnosis , for said disease, will be given ; as well as , whether or not it is treatable. I will also mention the research being conducted on IBM.

It happens when your nerve endings fail to interact properly with your muscles. MG usually affects the muscles of the eyes, face, neck, arms, and legs. MG is most common in young women 20 to 30 years of age, and in men 60 to 70 years of age.(Myasthenia) What makes this relevant is that Myasthenia Gravis can be developed in the human body if you are exposed to neurotoxins like Sarin. On base by the Syrian border, sirens were triggered daily and the officials at the base said that they were false alarms even though they knew that they were not. “A woman named Tracy Elledge, a former combat engineer and one of the veterans I interviewed, said, “Alarms went off all the time.… Our officers told us they were false and to disconnect

commonly found in those between ages 20 - 40, but it can be seen at any age. There

Of all inheritable myopathies, central core disease accounts for 16 percent of cases. Nemaline Rod Myopathy accounts for 20 percent. 14 percent is Centronuclear myopathy. The last 10 percent is Multicore Myopathy. Prevalence of muscular dystrophy is higher in males. In the United States, Duchenne MD and Becker MD- result from a genetic defect on the X chromosome, which is why it occurs in approximately 1 in 3300 boys. 63 per 1 million is overall incidence of muscular dystrophy. Worldwide incidence of inflammatory myopathies is about 5–10 per 100,000 people. Women tend have these disorders more than men. Incidence and prevalence of endocrine and metabolic myopathies are unknown. Endocrine disorders tend to be more common in women so that's why Corticosteroid myopathy is the most common type of endocrine myopathy in women. Metabolic myopathies are rare, but diagnosis of these conditions is increasing in the United States.