Multiple Sclerosis And Social Anxiety

MS lesions occur where there is damage to oligodendrocytes, changes in myelin composition, considerable loss to neurons over a period of time, and brain atrophy and can occur in either white or gray matter. MS also has short-lived attacks of neurological deficits that are temporary and correlated with worsening symptoms. These attacks are reversible and are a result of a block of conduction in axons that are partially demyelinated. The cause of these short-lived attacks is a slight increase in body temperature or hypocalcaemia, which in turn causes increased leakage through the demyelinated axons. Both emotional and physical stresses are triggers because the functional demands of the body exceed the capabilities of the nervous system. Suck attacks of more severe symptoms can last weeks or months and can lead to the progression of MS symptoms (p.397). The diverse stages of MS lesions are responsible for the varying symptoms seen across the MS community. Overall, MS results in irreversible damage to the CNS and results in lesions throughout the nervous system that cause multiple symptoms and issues depending on how much it has developed and the rate at which it is progressing.

There are three different versions of multiple sclerosis (“What is MS?”). The least severe being relapsing-remitting; this occurs when a person has an attack and then there are no further

Even though MS effects every individual differently and can run its course in a strikingly different manner than that of another, four basic disease courses have been

There are four different courses of Multiple Sclerosis. First, Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) is the most common form of MS. This type of MS gives the patient periods of remission and times of normalcy rather than feeling the disease at all times. In times of relapse, a patient may feel an electric shock from the neck down. Secondly, Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, (SPMS) is a transformation from RRMS with or without relapses or recovery. The disease progresses more steadily but not necessarily more quickly. In this stage, patients will ultimately have nerve damage or complete loss of a nerve. Thirdly, Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS) is a type of MS where the disease worsens on a steady pattern with little or no

However, some MS symptoms can be silent as the disease continues to progress, which makes treatment immediately after diagnosis highly important to reduce lesions sites and number caused by scarring to myelin tissue, dubbed plaques- which is where the name MS originated from (many scars). These scare can be detected and monitored through MRIs. (MSAA)

Multiple Sclerosis is a long-lasting disease that can affect your brain, spinal cord, and the nerves in your eyes. It can cause problems with your vision, balance, muscle control, and other bodily functions. There is no cause for Multiple Sclerosis but there are many symptoms that can lead you to think that you do have this special disease. Starting with vison loss, pain, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Some people can be symptom free, meanwhile some have those chronic symptoms that never go away. When you begin to have MS, it starts in your immune system, then attacks your central nervous system. There are more than 350,000 people in the United States have this progressive disease. Including Northern Europe, Southern Australia,

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease that impacts the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves, which is together known as the Central Nervous System (CNS). It is perhaps one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting about 1 per 1,000 of the population (Beaumont, 2008). Multiple Sclerosis means “Multiple Scars” due to the many scars (lesions) that are located in the CNS. This disease involves two main systems in the body, the Central Nervous System and the Immune System. The Central Nervous System is one of the most important systems in the body. About everything you do focuses on this system functioning properly. When there is interruption with this system, many things you do on a day-to-day basis will be interrupted. This

One important thing to know about multiple sclerosis is that there are many different types. There are four, vaguely defined, types of MS: Relapsing- remitting, Primary-progressive, Secondary-progressive, and Progressive- relapsing (Dangond). Relapsing-remitting MS, most common, is when patients experience a series of attacks followed by the disappearance of symptoms. So, in this type, multiple sclerosis attacks and then goes in to remission until another attack occurs. Its alternates back and forth. Primary-progressive MS is when there is a continuous decline in a person’s physical abilities. Secondary-progressive is when relapses are rare but the patient accumulates more disability (Dangond). Lastly, we have progressive-relapsing which is the more complex type. It is very similar to primary-progressive MS but it includes small periods where the symptoms and disease become worse (Blackstone).

Environment, lifestyles, vitamins and even genetics don’t play a role in this disease. MS is classified into four types: relapsing-remitting disease (RRMS), primary progressive (PPMS), secondary progressive (SPMS) and lastly progressive relapsing (PRMS). In the RRMS stage, patients symptoms respond to treatment then resolve. In PPMS stage, the symptoms progress over time without remission or improvement. The SPMS stage is when exacerbation doesn’t fully resolve during the remission. In time, the patient continues with progressive debility. During the PRMS phase, the patient experiences escalating symptoms as well as intermittent episodes of remissions. There is medicine that can help slow down the progression of MS and help control the symptoms but not cure multiple

Multiple sclerosis (also known as MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects the spinal cord and brain (central nervous system). It is considered to be one of the most mysterious diseases because there are no exact recognition on its causes; there is no cure as well. Rather, treatment is used to prevent its attacks. The common mechanism of multiple sclerosis is the failure of myelin to produce cells because of the destruction of the immune system. Myelin is part of a neuron which helps propagation of impulses (electrical messages) of the central nervous system. It is also an essential part of the central nervous system. The United States,

MS can cause debilitating pain that may leave with temporary symptoms or may be permanent (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2017). One third of all patients with MS will suffer from transient symptoms, rather than enduring (NIH, 2013). After 15 years on onset MS, 20 percent of patients are bedridden or institutionalized, and another 20 percent require assistance walking with a wheelchair or other aide (NIH, 2013).

One reason why the disease is so hard to diagnose is because the signs and symptoms are invisible. Aliza Bitton states that, “the invisible symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis include pain, depression, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction” (Ben-Zacharia 177). Ben-Zacharia also stated, “One of the approaches is the ICAP method. ICAP is an acronym for a four step approach: identification of symptoms; causation of symptoms as primary, secondary or tertiary; alleviation of symptoms; prevention of complications” (Ben-Zacharia 177). One of the main effects this disease has on patients is that their muscles slowly stop working while they grow older, and as the MS progresses. Also because of the treatment for the disease their anti-bodies are slowly getting attacked, which opens them up for all kinds of viruses due to a poor immune system. Some other symptoms that

In reality there are 4 different types of MS, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Mostly when researching MS primary progressive MS is what comes up the most. MS is an abnormal response to the immune system in the body and attacks the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS the myelin, a fatty protein rich substance act like a coating and protect the nerve. It insulates and helps to promote nerve impulses to the brain. Once the myelin is affected it creates scar tissue which will in turn damage or all together destroy the nerve and the nerve impulses will then not be able to travel to the brain. Once the myelin is damaged it in turn also produces weak muscles, imbalance, spasms, and partial to complete paralysis. This can also cause numbness, tingling, and pain. Along with the muscle impairments many patients with MS also have impairments with vision and cognitive skills. According to Kesselring, Giancarlo, and Thompson (2010), “We still do not know why inflammation in MS does not resolve, but there are several possible explanations. The persistence of inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) infiltrates could be caused by long-lasting danger signals.” Optic nerves and the spinal cord can also be damaged because of the inflammation and scar tissue around the

“The most common early signs and symptoms of MS are vision problems, fatigue, tingling and numbness, vertigo, dizziness, muscle weakness and spasm, problems with balance and coordination.” Less common symptoms are speech and swallowing problems, cognitive dysfunction, difficulty walking, tremor, breathing problems,bladder and bowel dysfunction, Sexual dysfunction and mood swings and

     Social anxiety disorder or social phobia is a much more common problem then psychologists originally thought. Millions of people al over the world