Has the death of multiculturalism been greatly exaggerated? In recent years, leaders of western liberal democracies, including David Cameron, Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy, have declared multiculturalism a failure, associating the policy with social exclusion, riots and terrorism reference. In Australia too, political figures like Howard and Abbott have avoided the ‘M’ word reference, preferring terms such as ‘diversity’ or just maybe disregarding the whole terminology.
In much of the Western Europe, there is a widespread perception that multiculturalism has ‘failed’ reference and that governments who once embraced a multicultural approach to diversity are turning away, adopting a strong emphasis on civic integration. As of today however,
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We must first look at the foundation policy set in 1901 that restricted immigration to Australia that is known as the White Australia policy. Racial and cultural homogeneity remained a defining principle of nationhood well into the 1960s. Politicians such as Arthur Calwell emphasised the desirability of Nordic or Anglo-Saxon racial characteristics among new arrivals. This is evident in Calwell’s remark in Parliament in 1947 ‘Two Wongs do not make a White’. Could this be in any way a representation of the mainstream views held by the Australian majority during that time period. Yes, this has been a continual repetition which made it a segment of both the attitude of Arthur Calwell and a gross assertion purporting it to be the base of our immigration policy (Hansard, 1993), as his successor, Clyde Holding states. What this source demonstrates is that the exclusion of certain persons based on race forms a large part of Australia’s history and more damagingly is evident in contemporary government policy and …show more content…
Some remember the Cronulla episode not so much for the violence of a 5000-strong mob targeting people of Middle Eastern appearance in the name of national pride as for how some minority groups have pushed Australia’s Anglo-Celtic majority to the limits of their tolerance. As publisher Peter Ryan pronounced in the pages of The Australian shortly after the riot, ‘indiscriminate immigration and the accompanying madness of multiculturalism’ were to blame. In Ryan’s view, what happened at Cronulla proved Geoffrey Blainey correct in his prediction that there would be racial strife in the nation’s streets. Multiculturalism meant that political leaders could never openly criticise members of immigrant communities; it would only be ‘mainstream Australia’ that would be censured. The alleged failure of multiculturalism didn’t just mean that some minorities were beyond criticism. In his book Girls Like You, Sheehan explicitly linked the Cronulla riot to the series of gang rapes perpetrated by Bilal Skaf and others: both represented how Muslim males were ‘cultural timebombs’ in a liberal
Culture is always changing. Beliefs, behaviours and presentation, religion and language all form part of what is an individual’s or community’s culture. (Bowes, Grace, & Hodge, 2012, p.75 & 77). Due to its intrinsic nature, when people migrate to Australia, they bring their culture with them. As migrants come from all over the world, and not the one place, their
Pedersen’s article is quite confrontational outlining the major issues that Australian individuals portray today, through their beliefs and thoughts about asylum seekers and Indigenous Australians. The sample group taken in Perth, is used as a representation of the wider population of Australia, with majority of Australians revealing a strong negative view against both groups. “It was found that people are becoming increasingly hostile” (Pedersen, A. Clarke, S. Dudgeon, P & Griffiths, B 2005) and are becoming ignorant and unsympathetic about the current situations that the two groups face today. This is mainly due to the general aspect of racism, being misinformed and uneducated about the events that these cultures have faced or are still dealing
Multiculturalism is profoundly australian
Whitlam’s ‘Multiculturalism’ policy of 1972 was committed to non racial discrimination in regards to immigration selection. This policy enabled immigrants from diverse cultures to migrate and practice their religions in Australia. Australia saw migrants and refugees come from South East Asian countries, who previously, under the “white Australia Policy” were not allowed migrant status. This change in policy allowed for the evolution of Buddhism (from Vietnamese countries) and the Muslim culture from Indonesia
Since the Whitlam Government passed the Racial Discrimination Act in 1975, the notion of “White Australia” was thought to have disappeared with it all together. However, time and time again, like cancer it strikes without warning. Though the media and government believe Australia has been inherently free from the White Australia notion, it has yet to truly disappear from modern day Australia. To understand why the White Australia notion has yet to disappear, an examination of Pauline Hanson needs to be taken into account, with a primary focus on her political party, One Nation’s beliefs and ideologies. Furthermore, a close look at our own government’s policy towards asylum seekers with a brief look at their treatment in Australian
This essay will discuss Australia’s multicultural policy. It will critically examine the key issues of Australia’s multicultural policy such as limiting racism and aiming for social justice by accepting everyone into Australia. The international federation of library
Multiculturalism is a political process whereby the government uses it to create peace between its people, but really it undermines much of what is valuable about diversity. When we talk about diversity, what we mean is that the world is a messy place, full of clashes and
Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull has stated that “Australia is the world’s most successful multicultural nation”. All the people know Australia is a multicultural state which is a civilization of populace from a wealthy variety of artistic, racial, linguistic. The multiculturalism describes the difference of culture and race in modern Australia. This difference is trying to safeguard the benefit of every Australian and national interest. Cultural variety is significant since our state, workplaces, and school are comprised of a variety of artistic, ethnic, and racial clusters. We can gain knowledge of it from one another. Everyone has their rights to express and share their culture heritage including language and religion. All of us have to establish a stage of accepting about each other. Everyone needs to respect each other whatever by different culture and religion, this is the meaning of freedom. Freedom is not likely to get rid of limitation or do what you want to do. It is a standard that everyone can understand the differences brought about by different cultures.
One of the most contentious discourses to ever exist in the Australian news media is that which concerns asylum seekers. Discourse is defined as an organisation of socially constructed knowledge about an aspect of reality (Foucault 1977; Hall 1997; van Leeuwen 2005), and racism is a system of oppression targeting members of ethnic groups who share bodily phenotypes such as skin pigmentation (Erikson 2010, Luke and Carrington 2000, Scholte 2000). This essay will firstly argue that Australia’s dominant discourse portrays asylum seekers in a racist manner. Then, it will determine this discourse to be largely constructed by the news media: the mass communication channels (such as newspapers, television, and the Internet) that report recent events
“Multiculturalism to me is an ideology that says things about the desirability of having difference, retaining difference, valuing difference and enjoying difference. We are already plural, we are already diverse, and the question is, is that diversity tracking towards everything becoming similar in a few years? Get over the diversity! And getting on with being ‘normal' as described in the fifties and sixties.
As we enter the 21st century, complex issues such as terrorism, immigration, multiculturalism, and social cohesion have brought about a significant amount controversy and an abundance of emotive rhetoric within Australian society. The fact that these issues have been politicised around a number of elections has bought these matters to the forefront of public discussion, but rather than appealing to the publics sense of compassion, the issues have been approached
Australia has always been a multicultural country, the first immigrants that came to Australia were the British in 1788. During this phase of European settlement various policies were created to address cultural diversity. One of the most infamous policies was that of assimilation that forced Australian Aboriginal people and migrants to give up their own culture and heritage and assimilate to colonial Australian culture. Eventually this policy was revised to Multiculturalism. That as a policy in Australia refers to handling the ramifications of diversity, bearing in mind that all Australians have the right to a cultural identity, all citizens must be able to express their cultural inheritance. Whether Multiculturalism is advantageous for Australia or not is a very controversial topic. There is a side that argues that multiculturalism could threaten the lifestyle of many Australians. On the other hand, research demonstrates that from an Australian perspective it has been mostly advantageous. This essay will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of multiculturalism in Australia, with regard to economical, historical and social perspectives.
So what does “multiculturalism” mean? In simple terms multiculturalism is the coexistence, acceptance or promotion of multiple cultures in a singular geographic or democratic jurisdiction. Multiculturalism has been a huge part of this study as Australia as a nation is diversified into a various cultural aspects. The concept of multiculturalism has become a widely accepted and embraced fact around the world as more and more countries have adopted to the global policies of acceptance which not only helps the nation economically but also contributes towards the growth of various cultural boundaries and also helps develop knowledge about wide spread variety of customs and culture groups around the world. Ultimately the essence of multiculturalism in any society is to eradicate the feeling of an outsider and accept ethnic and racial groups as their our and build the concept of unity in
Many political leaders in Europe have declared that their attempts on multiculturalism have failed, “In October 2010, German Chancellor Angela Merkel proclaimed that a multicultural approach had ‘utterly failed’ in Germany. In February 2011, French President Nicolas Sarkozy also called multiculturalism a failure, and British Prime Minister David Cameron indicted his country’s policy as of multiculturalism for failing to promote a sense of common identity and encouraging Muslim segregation and radicalization.” (Bloemraad, I. 2011, page 1). Not only do political figures of European countries believe that multiculturalism has been a failure, but citizens of many European countries believe the same impression, as stated in Kenan Malik’s text ‘What is wrong with multiculturalism? A European Perspective’, there are three myths about immigration that have grounded the present-day view that multiculturalism as a political process has been unsuccessful. The first myth being that “European countries used to be homogenous but have been made diverse by mass immigration”, the second myth is “the claim that contemporary immigration to Europe is different, and in some eyes less assimilable, than previous waves” and the third myth is “European nations have become multicultural because minorities wished to assert their differences.” (Malik, K. 2012, pages 1 and 2). Malik then
These days Instagram is more than a trendy app for documenting your cat, brunch and gym selfies. Every post is considered content to marketers thus targeting highly engaging Instagram users—influencers—to leverage brand content. With the rise of influencer marketing, analytics from likes, followers and comments are given emphasis in understanding the engagement and impact of an Instagram account. PR firms and/or in-house communications use these data to identify online influencers and to collaborate with them. Influencers boost a brand’s social media presence providing the opportunity of the potential to increase market sales.