Introduction Three therapists: Alfred Adler, Albert Ellis and William Glasser, and the theories they developed will be presented in the following paper. A brief introduction of each theorist will be given, as well as a look at each individual theory along with methods, techniques or strategies that can be used with each approach. Attention will be given to show how school counselors can apply these theories in schools, in both individual and group counseling. Advantages and disadvantages will both be discussed.
Multicultural Perspectives Alfred Adler was ahead of the curve when it came to multicultural counseling. He addressed social equality before it came to the forefront of the progress or before being politically correct was a buzzword. While called individual psychology Adlerians focus on the person and this includes the social context for the individual. The Alderian approach is very flexible in the techniques that can be applied while helping student examine their problems. Ellis and the cognitive behavioral therapist have an approach that works very well with culturally diverse groups. It does not question goals or values that the students may have, just their inflexible demands of what should, must or ought to be. Glasser’s Reality
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Adler compensated for his physical limitation partly because he felt inferior to his brothers and peers. Adler was a poor student. His teachers suggested that Adler’s family prepare him to be a shoemaker. Adler was determined to be more, so with great effort and perseverance, Adler rose to the top of his class and continued on to study medicine at the University of Vienna. These early childhood experiences had an impact on the formation of his theory. He had passion and concern for the common person and was outspoken about child-rearing practices, school reforms and prejudices that resulted in conflict (Corey
She stated that a school counselor is always talking to parents and students about choices and this is why she relates to Glasser’s approach. Solution focus/brief therapy is another theory that she uses in her school counseling practice and it was noted that solution focus/brief therapy is a time saver. My personal theoretical orientation is similar to Wendy’s and I have a strong appreciation of the solution focus/brief therapy due to its fast paced nature, which is often needed in a school counseling practice. School counselors do not have unlimited time or many sessions with their students. Therefore having a fast approach to solving the problem such as solution focused/brief therapy is important and
It is my goal to become a school counselor in a local high school. As a school counselor, it is also important to try and understand the different experiences that children go through in order to get through to them. After studying the different counseling theories, I have discovered that each theory is valid and there are ideas and techniques that I would use out of each of them. However, there are some theories more than others that I would use to guide me daily as a school counselor. Modern day counseling is equipped with a wide variety of therapies, techniques and approaches. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast three approaches of therapy. Also in this essay the views of the person and the Therapeutic process will be
This paper identifies the three major counseling theories that have been the most influential in the development of my ideas on counseling. The major points of Person-Centered Therapy, Adlerian Therapy, and Behavioral Therapy are looked at in brief. Each theory is then shown how a school counselor can apply them into their work with students. While one theory does not work for every situation in the school setting, each theory brings something beneficial to the school counselor.
Within psychology there are many different theories that counselors should get to know in order to figure out which theory fits their own personal style of counseling. Some counselors stick to one specific theory, but many take on an integrative approach and use multiple theories within their practice. The four psychological theories that I am focusing on in this paper are the contemporary psychodynamic, theory, cognitive behavioral therapy, person-centered therapy, and the family systems theory.
Zunker informs us that Sue, Ivey and Pederson recognized that a theory for multicultural counseling was necessary; the premise of this theory is that learning occurs within a cultural context, that cultural identity changes and that culture is both inclusive and broad (Sue, Ivey & Pederson 1996; Zunker, 2006).The sociopolitical
As a counseling student, it is very important to formulate a counseling theory tailored to ones’ own personality and beliefs. A counselor may choose a single theory to model when practicing therapy or pick and choose components and techniques from various theories, otherwise known as eclecticism. No theory is considered right or wrong. Understanding the different therapeutic approaches are important to effective counseling, however, counselors must also understand their own personal value, view of human nature, human behavior, counseling techniques and the purpose and goals of counseling. Understanding these components along with the different theoretical approaches will provide the counselor with a 9 knowledge of their own counseling, orientation and is essential to not only the productivity of counseling but the growth of the counselor as well.
In the beginning of the course I had very little knowledge about the theories in multicultural counseling. I knew that it was centrally focused around social justice and equality but I didn’t know there were theories that pertained to specific ethnic minorities. I also learned that there isn’t a one size fits all theory. What I learned was that each model needs to be unique to the client and very well rounded; it should include a specific goal(s), describe the process, “have both aspects of cognition and emotion, and include justice and equity as well.” (Jun 2010) I have learned that as a multicultural counselor you have to be very aware and mindful of your thoughts and actions. I learned that there is a lot that is integrated into multicultural counseling and it isn’t cut and dry. There are varieties of concepts, such as being aware of oppression, continuous self-reflection, awareness of impact that a multicultural counselor can have on an individual, etc. (Jun, 2010)
In sixteen years of life, I have received an opportunity to experience different cultures, learning styles, and languages. To start of, I am an American since I was born here, but the reality is that I was raised in India. My parents’ main motivation for moving back to India was because they wanted us to embrace our traditions, and most importantly, value our family relationships. We relocated back to the US at the start of 9th grade. This transition was a huge factor for transforming me as a person. I am cognizant of the two systems, cherish both, and realize that these multicultural experiences have encouraged me to grow and mature beyond my years. Relocating from a place is not as easy as one can imagine. When compared to the US, India
God selected Abraham to be the father of the His people. The bible does not directly state why God selected him, but after reading scripture one can conclude that God selected Abraham due to his great faith. Abraham’s life lends itself as an example to all who desire to walk with God.
If the quote above is to be believed, then the strength of a classroom resides in the differences rather than the similarities of its students. In my Pedagogy course (PEDG 5367) concerning diversity and multi-culturalism, I was able to realize first-hand how diverse a classroom of learners can be. I was instructed to create a unit plan (see Appendix A- Manners Across Cultures Unit Plan) that comprised approximately five hours of instruction time. In the unit plan I had to reflect on diverse learners and include instruction which met the needs of several different populations of students including special
Since I started this class, I have a learned a great deal about cultural diversity in the classroom and abroad. My perspective has changed slightly but my knowledge of this subject has improved. In my family, my father taught me about the civil rights movement and the evils of segregation in the U.S. My parents taught me to be tolerant of all humans, no matter what they look like, how they dress, or their sexual orientation. My family has always been liberal thinkers who taught me the dark history of racism and bigotry in this country. As an educator I would be accepting to all race, creeds, and religious peoples.
Throughout this reflection paper, you will see a wide variety of aspects that deal in the realm of speech. I will be covering topics that deal with the overall thesis of speech as seen through my mind, how the diversity of perspectives model has helped become a response thinker, and the strengths and challenges I had faced on the Eight Speaker Competencies form throughout my time in the course. Next, I will be describing how the Brief Outline and PowerPoint presentations I have created for each of my speeches were both beneficial and detrimental in my journey to success. Then, I will be highlighting my experience in the both the Speaker’s Lab and my three presentations during the course. Finally, I will be discussing my overall experience
This paper explores my counseling theory. It looks at the way I view human nature and the development of personality through the lens of an elementary school counselor. This paper looks at the development of psychopathology and the goals of therapy using fundamental cognitive behavioral theory (CBT) and techniques used in CBT and person centered therapy (PCT). Researched is used to advocate for my use of child center play therapy (CCPT) along with taking a look at reality therapy (RT) for use with the older elementary students . I conclude with a look at spiritual influences on my future counseling career. Throughout the paper I reference the American School Counselors Association (ASCA) and its national model to help tie in the theories and practices with the guidelines of being a school counselor.
This quarter’s course of “theories of counseling” felt like a whirlwind of theories, theorist, therapeutic techniques, and proper application of theoretical framework to help counsel students. As the course continued each new theory and therapy style I learned about seemed more appealing and useful than the last. In deciding which therapy styles I would favor using I have to take into account the general demographic of the students and communities I wish to work in. I plan to work with middle school to high school students that are from urban low social economic status and are recent arrivals to the country. Some of the characteristics of obstacles these students and families face daily are, single parent home/income, past/recent trauma, history of low family education level and legal trouble. I am fortunate to live in the community and society I want to help and that I have grown up in. I am equally blessed to be raised and have the opportunity to give back to my community and society the best way I know how by giving back in a positive manner.
Lockhart, Estes J. & Keys, Susan G. (1998). The mental health counseling role of school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 1(4), Retrieved from PsychInfo. ‘