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Motifs In American Beauty

Decent Essays

American beauty is a drama-comedy type film directed by Sam Mendes in 1999.The film won 5 academy awards in 1999 including that of best actor and best director. It follows the story of the Burnham family and specifically Lester Burnham, a middle aged American man who is facing a midlife crisis and is falling deeper and deeper into a pit of endless depression. Because of this he has become imprisoned by all aspects of his life. Mendes deliberately uses motifs and camera work to illustrate this theme of imprisonment to the viewer. As Lester makes changes in his life the theme changes from imprisonment to freedom which is shown by Mendes’ deliberate use of symbolism as well as Lester’s new confidence displayed by his dialogue and posture. We also …show more content…

The prison cell motif is used in many scenes to show how Lester feels trapped by all aspects of his life. The motif can be as subtle as Lester being placed behind objects that act as jail cell bars or due to other lead lines present in a shot. The best example of this is when we first see Lester at work. His reflection is shown on his computer screen and the numbers on the screen are in the shape of prison bars. Mendes deliberately does this to show how Lester feels imprisoned at work and does not enjoy being there. The window motif is a slight variation of the prison cell motif and is also used to show the theme of imprisonment. This motif shows characters seemingly trapped behind glass and how they are imprisoned and powerless. An example of this is at the start of the film when Lester is looking out the window at his wife who is talking to his neighbour. This shows how Lester is imprisoned because he doesn’t dare go out and join into the conversation, Carolyn would hate him for it as she likes to control his life. Mendes also uses high angle shots to show how Lester is imprisoned. A high angle shot is present when Carolyn introduces Lester to her colleague Buddy at her work convention. During this introduction, they are standing on stairs and Lester is stood a few steps down from the others symbolising the difference in power. Buddy and Carolyn both look down at him, …show more content…

These techniques all show how Lester has broken free and is now enjoying life. Lester’s confidence is best shown in the second office scene where he uses blackmail to get his boss Brad to give him money. This dialogue shows how Lester has changed from being shy and timid to being a strong-willed individual who is not willing to back down. Lester’s confidence in this scene is also portrayed by his posture. He shows no sign of weakness and is totally relaxed compared to brad who is infuriated and speechless. Both these examples of confidence show how he is no longer controlled by his boss and therefore imprisoned. Also showing the theme of freedom is the disappearance of the prison cell and window motif. Mendes even starts to use them on people Lester interacts with to show how Lester’s freedom impacts others. In the last scene I talked about, during Lester and Brads conversation Brad is shown to have what looks like jail cell bars in the form of a shadow behind him. This shows how it is now him who is powerless and imprisoned and Lester who is free. Finally showing the theme of freedom is the marijuana symbol. It was first introduced to Lester at his wife’s work convention by Ricky and from then on is used to illustrate how Lester starts to rebel and breaks free. An example of this is when Lester is driving to Mr Smilies to ask for a

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