INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND
The world has witnessed a marked increase in patients presenting to infertility clinics in the past three decades.1 Nigeria lies within the infertility belt where prevalence of infertility is at the highest.2 Infertility has been found to be the leading reason for gynaecological consultations (accounting for about 60%) with a prevalence of about 15% in Nigeria.3 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART), infertility is defined clinically as a disease of the reproductive system characterized by a failure to achieve successful pregnancy after twelve months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.4
Reproduction either in vivo or in vitro is dependent on the presence of viable gametes (sperm and ovum), a successful sperm to ovum interaction; fertilization and an effective implantation of the fertilized ovum onto the endometrial wall of the uterus.3 In a study carried out in south western Nigeria, the common causes of infertility were: tubal factor (39.5%), uterine factor (30%), and ovarian factor (13%).5 Other causes included cervical factor (3%), pelvic inflammatory disease PID (5.5%), and endometriosis (2.5%).5
In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment offers the highest pregnancy rate irrespective of the cause of infertility.6 The first successful IVF procedure was documented by Dr Edwards and Dr Steptoe in 1978, where ova and sperm were
The number one cause of infertility in women is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is an endocrine disorder, which affects 7%, or one out of fifteen, women in the population. CITE Although reducing body weight by 10% has shown to improve frequency of ovulation and chances of conception, this is one of the few nonmedical interventions a women can try in order to improve the possibility for pregnancy. All other forms of treatment require a medical or pharmaceutical
Thank you for choosing IVF Australia, we bride on ourselves on our success rates and price. This sheet has all the essential information about the causes of infertility in both male and females, the treatments to these and different issues that may come with these procedures. Infertility is the inability to conceive a pregnancy after 12 month of unprotected sex. Infertility in male and females can occur from various reasons such us the production of sex cells(gametes) and hormonal issues as well as other reasons. Infertility is growing rapidly in today’s world, it is becoming a bigger and bigger problem in Australia as 1 in every 6 couples are effected by infertility (19). A solution to this growing problem is Assisted
Mark Rispler, MD, of Innovative Fertility Center recommends IUI, or intrauterine insemination, for many patients of his Los Angeles fertility center, because the procedure is noninvasive and cost-effective. However, not every woman will get pregnant after her first IUI cycle.
Chang, Anne Lynn S., MD. “In Vitro Fertilization.” Magill’s Medical Guide (Online Edition), Salem Press, 2016. Ers, catalog.stisd.net:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=87690554&site=eds-live. Accessed 12 May 2017.
Like most subjects under life-span development, infertility is a result of both genetic and environmental factors.
Infertility is a medical diagnosis that affects millions of couples each year. This medical diagnosis has been around for centuries. Reasons for infertility range from simple issues to more complex with both partners being affected. Around 1980’s medical procedures began in the Unites States for treatment. Since then there has been major advancement in infertility (Infertility United States, 1982).
Although we assume that fertility drugs would be the most commonly used fertility method, the artificial insemination method is to be found the most common. Artificial insemination is when “washed” sperm is inserted directly into the uterus through a thin and flexible catheter during IUI. When artificial insemination is the chosen method, a doctor may recommend the use of fertility drugs. Fertility drugs are most commonly used to induce ovulation increasing egg production and making embryo implantation more receptive. Another possible method is IVF, which is in vitro fertilization. IVF is a cycle in which eggs are extracted and fertilized with sperm in a lab. Once the embryos develop, one or two are implanted into the uterus and the rest are stored. An option like IVF, is ZIFT. ZIFT is zygote intrafallopian transfer. Instead of the embryo being inserted into the uterus, it is inserted into the fallopian
Our DFW fertility clinic offers a variety of fertility treatments, including ovarian stimulation, intrauterine insemination (IUI), and in vitro fertilization (IVF). While many patients often hear about IVF, fewer than 3% of patients will need such advanced reproductive technologies. Many times, treatments like ovarian stimulation or even lifestyle changes ae enough to help a patient
In-vitro fertilisation is a procedure used to overcome a range of fertility issues and helps conceive
Infertility has become so widespread today that the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized it as a disease (World Health Organization 2009). In developed countries, approximately 15% of the population is infertile (Petraglia, Serour & Chapron 2013), and infertility in females alone accounts for 37% of these causes (Unuane et al. 2011). Over the past decade, efficient techniques aimed at treating infertility have become widely available throughout the developed world and have been the subject of public discussion and media attention. These range from non-invasive techniques such as the use of fertility drugs aimed at hormonal stimulation, to more invasive techniques such as laparoscopy or intrauterine insemination. In the midst of increasing
Infertility is the inability or failure to conceive after a year of regular intercourse without contraception. There are two categories to classify infertility, primary and secondary. Primary infertility occurs in women who have never conceived while secondary infertility occurs in women who had a previous conception. Affecting about one in six couples, there are many causes of infertility. A little more than half of cases of infertility are attributed to female conditions. Female conditions include ovulatory dysfunction, tubal or pelvic factors, cervical problems and uterine factors. However, that does not rule out other conditions as well. These include the male factors and unexplained infertility. Male factors are pretesticular causes,
There are a number of different techniques used to assist reproduction however the most common of which is In-vitro Fertilisation (IVF). It was originally developed to treat infertility caused by damaged or blocked fallopian tubes however, it has since become the starting point for screening embryos for genetic disorders in typically fertile couples. The IVF process requires the woman to undergo ovarian stimulation in which ‘fertility drugs’ are taken to stimulate the maturation of multiple eggs (6-10 eggs) as opposed to just one. Once the eggs have matured and ready for collection a needle is inserted through the vagina and with the assistance of ultrasound the eggs are delicately removed. The next stage is where fertilisation takes place. Within 6 hours the embryologists prepare the partner 's sperms and adds this to the eggs which are left for a further 14-18 hours to incubate. The following morning the eggs are examined for signs of fertilisation and the successful ones are cultured for another 3-5 days. Most laboratories transfer
In vitro fertilization is a process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside of the womb. For couples who cannot conceive in the “natural way” through intercourse and fertilization of the egg and sperm, some may choose to undergo IVF in order get pregnant. People who might not fully understand IVF and how it works may argue that it is science getting in the way of what should be natural. Not everyone can conceive in the natural way and that is why I will be discussing the positives and successes of IVF for infertile couples.
Infertility is widespread: about 7% of married couples in the United States are unable to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse (Purdy, 2001, Bioethics of New Assisted Reproduction). In Vitro Fertilization is used when a women has irreparably damaged fallopian
As science and technology advance, new ways of life become easier and can be found at any individual's fingertips. Reproductive technology is a broad topic, which can be broken down into using any type of technology to treat infertility. Couples who are, in fact, unable to have children turn to the form of technology to assist in producing offspring. There are many procedures that can be done to treat and give women a chance to conceive a child. Women seeking pregnancy use, according to Reproductive Technology and Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Blessing? Curse? Both? : In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), In Vitro Maturation (IVM), Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT), Intrauterine Insemination (IUI), Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI),