Modernism, Modernisation and Modernity in Australia, 1919 –1939

Many people still thought that a woman's place was "in the kitchen", this changed shortly after the second world war. 500,000 women joined the workforce post WW1 because all of the men had gone to war. This set Australia up and benefited from more people with a wider experience in many jobs.

* This allowance was the equivalent to two weeks' wages for an unskilled worker at the time.

Though the start of the modernisation may trace back to the beginning of Industrial Revolution. “Modernism in the design world did not exist in a fully developed form, until well after First World War.” (Wilk, 2006) Causing the great loss of lives and other countless damage to the world, it reshaped many people’s way of thinking the world. With the inspiration of early avant-garde movement, the modernism began to emerge advocating an utopian future and shared certain core principles by various styles of modernists: rejecting the past and applied ornament; forms follow function, a preference for

Analyze the political, social, and economic continuities and changes in Australia from 1700 AD to the present. While Australia has politically gained independence since the 1700’s, their ethnicities have shifted to create a socially diverse country as they remain closely tied with the rest of the world in regards to global trade. Since Britain used to rule Australia in the 1700’s, Australia since has had revolutions that granted them political independence from a larger ruling body. This provides freedom for all of the inhabitants in Australia from an outside force. In addition to this, the ethnicities of Australia have been allowed to mix with those of the rest of the world as new people join the society of

1959 • Coalmine working hours in New South Wales were decreased to 37 and half hours a week. • Snowy Mountains major power station begun to operate. • Darwin is considered a city. • Australia’s population reaches ten

Whether or not the term 'Roaring Twenties' is an adequate description of the character of Australian society from 1920 to 1929 depends on the circumstances of the Australian population in this decade, because 'Roaring' implies the 1920's were full of dramatic social changes, which may have came about from spontaneous economical or political incidences and new inventions. In the 1920s Australian politics was dominated by the conservative parties and, despite some industrial discontent and hardship, the economy was prosperous and expanding. Australian society was experiencing changes and new developments in many fields. The use of electricity during the twenties became much more common, and it dramatically altered the lives of people living

During the 1900’s, factories had the most available work, though there was some agriculture. Working

The Erie Canal was not the only new development that attracted people; America built some of the first factories as well. Factory production before now was almost nonexistent. A cotton-spinning mill was first built in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Over the next decades textile was the dominant industry of the country. This made way for hundreds of companies being built across the nation. (C-114) The iron industry also helped make way for better jobs which lead to more immigration. Pennsylvania’s furnaces and rolling mills were fast supplanting small local forges. Philadelphia had developed a high pressure steam engine that was used for a variety of industrial purposes. Within a few years it powered ships, sawmills, flour mills, and printing presses. The demand for labor in these facilities created more and more immigration. Until about 1830, the increase in population was fed mainly by newcomers from New England. However, the tide shifted in the 1840’s, millions of people from Ireland, Germany, and other countries moved to America. In just over ten to twenty years, major

Kuiper, Kathleen. “Modernism.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2015. Web. 02 DEC 15.

The 1920s is recognized as a time of citizen imbalance, from the various industrialization, the Prohibition Era, and the fight for women’s rights. It was essentially rural versus urban as America was divided into two categories, Fundamentalists, and Modernists. Modernists, who lived mainly in cities, would strive for a future in knowledge and being technologically advanced. As for the Fundamentalists, they based themselves off old ideals, and considered any other race allied with the more “superior” race to be degrading. More often than not, each association would either approve a supremacy, or fight to discontinue it.

During the Interwar Period (1919-1939), many countries around the world underwent many ideological changes. Prior to World War I, imperial competition amongst the European countries led to patterns of constitutional and ethnolinguistic nationalism and patterns of industrialization. Members of a Bosnian Serb nationalist group assassinated Austrian heir Franz Ferdinand, which became the catalyst for the first World War that would last until 1919. With 20 million soldiers and civilians dead and another 21 million wounded, the countries looked for ways to recover from the results of the war. Three new patterns of modernity emerged after World War I; Capitalist democracy, Communism, and Supremist Nationalism.

The incredible work of these Modernist architects had a strong and distinct influence on up and coming young Australian Architects during the 1950’s – 1970’s.

During the 1800’s, England experienced an Industrial Revolution. With steam engines, coal, and steal coming about, England boomed with new factories and commerce. Previous to the invention and use of this machinery, England was a rural country, with many people making their own trades. Soon enough, machines with higher efficiency and speed began to replace hand-crafted materials. Factories with huge machinery began to pop up along with new job opportunities. By the mid-1800’s, fifty percent of people lived in urbanized areas, compared to less than

Australia in the early 1900s has developed a reputation as a ‘working man’s paradise’ for its greater opportunity to success and an egalitarian society. However not all workers proved this to be true. In order to determine this statement, Issues to be discussed include firstly the hours of work for different genders, secondly the working conditions and finally the dispute for the right to fair treatment to women and Aboriginal natives throughout the 19th century.

It is the new decade after the end of world war two and modernism is a well-established