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The Similarities Between Spanish And Basque In Catalunya

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If you encounter a native of France or Spain, he will most likely speak French or Spanish, as the national language of his home country. However, a notable number of people speak a cultural language as well. The salience of these languages on the north vs. south side of the Pyrenees Mountains is substantial. Catalan, spoken in northeastern Spain and southeastern France, and Basque, a language isolate spoken in northern Spain and southwestern France, are minority languages. Both are distinct from Castilian Spanish with their own literature, people, and culture. While Basque and Catalan are prevalent in their respective Spanish autonomous communities, the “border” of the Països Catalans (Catalan Countries) and Euskal Herria (Basque …show more content…

In Catalunya, Catalan is spoken fluently by 85% of the population with 97% claiming they understand (“Generalitat de Catalunya.” 6). This mutual intelligibility between Spanish and Catalan suggests that Catalan is only a dialect of Castilian. While many people would like to say this is true, and Spain under Franco attempted to integrate Catalan into mainstream Spanish culture this way (Alguera 89), the Catalan is a distinct language with it’s own lexicon, literature, grammar rules, etc. It is a mandatory subject for children in public education in the autonomous community (“Catalans.” 109). This contrasts the Basque Country where only 30% of the population is fully fluent in Basque (Gobierno Vasco 17). Interestingly, although Basque is classified as a vulnerable language ("Data on the Basque Language.") and is spoken by less than a third of the population, the highest concentration of speakers exists in young adults, where nearly 60% of people age 16 to 24 claim to be fluent (Gobierno Vasco 21). I think this trend is interesting because one would think the older generations had the higher percentage of Basque speakers, and the lowest among the younger age groups owing to assimilation to Spanish language and culture. Although Basque and Catalan are recognized co-official languages and enjoy considerable clout and use, the situation is very different in France.
As the symbol for the national identity of the Basques, scholars have

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