Interviewer: Today, I am interviewing Gloria Anzaldua on her book, Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza. Gloria’s book is inspired by her memories of living on the U.S.-Mexico border as a Mexican-American. The book combines Gloria’s own writing along with works from other creative minds to express her ideas on the U.S.-Mexico border and how that border affects the lives of Mexican-Americans. I will specifically question her on the ways she thinks the border shapes the cultural development of the people living around it. Let’s begin.
Gloria, you use the word “mestiza” in the title of your book and define it as a member of a “new hybrid race” and of a “people of mixed Indian and Spanish blood” (5). You also say that Mexican-Americans are mestizos (Anzaldua, 5). Why do you think that referring to Mexican-Americans as people of mixed race is related to the Mexican-American experience regarding living in the borderlands?
Anzaldua: I chose to add “mestiza” to the title of my book because the work is based on my own experiences as a Mexican-American woman living in the border area between the U.S. and Mexico. It’s based on my struggles trying to navigate between two cultures as someone who isn’t fully a part of either of them. Those struggles led me to form my own individual identity by
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and Mexico. In particular, you recall how past Americans were “locked into the fiction of white superiority” to the point that they felt justified in stealing Mexican land and how Mexicans reacted to this injustice with violence (Anzaldua, 7). Gloria, how are you able to bridge the gap between two societies that are hostile towards each other and towards you, someone who exists within the limits of both cultures? Do your experiences within the boundaries of both cultures give you a special understanding of them that a person who exists in just one culture or the other
In the film “Mi Familia,” we follow the story of the Mexican-American Sánchez family who settled in East Los Angeles, California after immigrating to the United States. Gregory Nava and Anna Thomas introduce the story of this family in several contexts that are developed along generations. These generations hold significant historical periods that form the identity of each individual member of the family. We start off by exploring the immigrant experience as the family patriarch heads north to Los Angeles, later we see how national events like the great depression directly impact Maria as she gets deported, although she was a US citizen. The events that follow further oppress this family and begins separate identity formations. These
Norma Elia Cantu’s novel “Canícula: Imágenes de una Niñez Fronteriza” (“Canícula: Snapshots of a Girlhood en la Frontera”), which chronicles of the forthcoming of age of a chicana on the U.S.- Mexico border in the town of Laredo and Nuevo Laredo in the 1940s-60s. Norma Elia Cantú brings together narrative and the images from the family album to tell the story of her family. It blends authentic snapshots with recreated memoirs from 1880 to 1950 in the town between Monterrey, Mexico, and San Antonio, Texas. Narratives present ethnographic information concerning the nationally distributed mass media in the border region. Also they study controversial discourse that challenges the manner in which the border and its populations have been
David G Gutiérrez’s Walls and Mirrors: Mexican Americans, Mexican Immigrants, and the Politics of Ethnicity discuss the deep and complex understudied relationship between Mexican Americans and Mexican immigrants. This relationship was a natural consequence of the mass illegal immigration from Mexico to the United States that had constantly been increasing the population of “ethnic Mexicans” and along with it brought tensions between those who were Americans of Mexican descent and had been living here for generations and those who had freshly arrived to the United States and as such did whatever they had to do to make a living.
In this Chapter I feel that Anzaldua is trying to get the reader to understand the differences and atruggles amongst cultures. The clash of cultures results in mental and emotional confusion. Living inbetween more than one culture, you often get opposing messages from these cultures. Sometimes when living within the Chicana culture common white beleifs conflict with the beleifs of the Mexican culture. They both hold beleifs of the indifinous peopel and their culture. It creates a problem that the dominant cultures views and beleifs are defiant to the others. This is very wrong because it creats the problem of one being superior to the other. This especially relates to the Mexican culture and white culture. This creates the assimilation problem when one culture is not accepted or considered below another.
The story illustrates the overlapping influences of women’s status and roles in Mexican culture, and the social institutions of family, religion, economics, education, and politics. In addition, issues of physical and mental/emotional health, social deviance and crime, and social and personal identity are
What is ironic is that although the Spanish felt that Mexico’s population had to be converted because they were uncivilized and inferior, "mestizaje, the product of racial interbreeding with Indian, black, and mixed-blood women," took place. As a result, Mexicans share a rich mestizo cultural heritage of Spanish, Indian, and African origins. By raping the uncivilized Other, the Spaniards were in turn making themselves uncivilized. Those women represented nothing more but the medium through which the Spanish could vent their sexual desires. This was a major problem that Mexican women had to encounter.
Gloria Anzaldua is among the many feminist theorists that has moved into the realm of addressing post-modern identities. In Gloria Anzaldua’s articulation of the new mestiza consciousness, she makes the argument of identities as multiple, hybrid, and more specifically created as a result of the Borderlands. However, according to Anzaldua, and despite the difficulties engendered by her very existence, the mestiza is also a figure of enormous potential, as her multiplicity allows a new kind of consciousness to emerge. This mestiza consciousness moves beyond the binary relationships and dichotomies that characterize traditional modes of thought, and seeks to build bridges between all minority communities to achieve social and political change.
Gloria Anzaldúa writes of a Utopic frame of mind, the borderlands created in and lived in by the new mestiza. She describes the preexisting natures of the Anglos, Mexicanos, and Chicanos as seen around the southwest U.S. / Mexican border, indicative of the nations at large. She also probes the borders of language, sexuality, psychology and spirituality. Anzaldúa presents this information in various identifiable ways including the autobiography, historical/informative essay, and poetry. What is unique to Anzaldúa is her ability to weave a ‘perfect’ kind of compromised state of mind that melds together the preexisting cultures while simultaneously formulating a fusion of genres that stretches previously
It is a known fact that every human being communicates through language, but perhaps a little known fact that we communicate even through the food we eat. We communicate through food all the meanings that we assign and attribute to our culture, and consequently to our identity as well. Food is not only nourishment for our bodies, but a symbol of where we come from. In order to understand the basic function of food as a necessity not only for our survival, we must look to politics, power, identity, and culture.
Anzaldua further proves the capability of non-dominant individuals to possess power and resilience over the dominant language. Even in pursuit of her own higher education, Anzaldua was met with barriers that she was able to persevere through and overcome. She even had to fight to persue a course of study that she was passionate about, Chicano literature. “In graduate school, while working toward a PH.D., I had to ‘argue’ with one advisor after the other, semester after semester, before I was allowed to make Chicano literature an area of focus (40).” Even in the professional setting of graduate school, Anzaldua fought to maintain and pursue her Chicano culture, portraying the capability of a non-dominant individual to establish an identify and
In the boiling pot of America most people have been asked “what are you?” when referring to one’s race or nationality. In the short story “Borders” by Thomas King he explores one of the many difficulties of living in a world that was stripped from his race. In a country that is as diverse as North America, culture and self-identity are hard to maintain. King’s short story “Borders” deals with a conflict that I have come to know well of. The mother in “Borders” is just in preserving her race and the background of her people. The mother manages to maintain her identity that many people lose from environmental pressure.
Alberto Rios claims that the border is unnatural, complex, and seen as a boundary. He discusses empathetic relationships in a global society when he uses many literary devices to claim that the border is an unnatural thing in a natural world, it has become so complex that it is unrecognizable, and that many people view it as a boundary when it should be viewed as what joins us together. The border is unnatural because it is something manmade placed in the natural world as if the people believed that it was supposed to be natural as well. What started as a simple rancher’s fence to fix a simple problem, quickly escalated to be something as complex as a third grader trying to understand calculus. The people view the border as a boundary meant to divide when in reality, it is what joins us together as a global society.
modules gives many examples how strong cultural pasts lead to identity problems in a new society. Also, the module shows us that many Mexicans were not happy with the stereotype formed about their identity. In Between the Lines, we see how Mexicans in America suffer through harsh discrimination, while trying to stay close to their relatives and culture. The letters talk about how Whites did not have concerns with family values or cultural beliefs. Whites based many of their values off succeeding in the economy. Whites in general had no regard for Mexicans as people.
Their lives are entangled by what borders represent, which can be, identity, citizenship, inclusion, belonging, community and security (Christou, Miranda; Spyrou, S., 2004). The border between the U.S. and Mexico, has created many inequalities, but also has made important interactions, integration, and economic interdependence. These interactions are shown in the many exchanges and flows between borders. By interaction in the U.S.-Mexican border, it is meant the frequency, intensity, directionality, scale of crossing, type of material and symbolic exchange, and the social and cultural meanings attached to such exchanges (Iglesias-Prieto, 2008). This is how children develop their social representations. As these occur at a frequent basis and at a great amount, it is believed there will be a greater cultural aptitude and abundance, complexity in the ways children perceive and represent the border, and richer concepts of self-identity. Through these complexities, children are challenged to understanding border related issues and become self-critical. With this in mind and I hope to better understand the relation between border influences and the complexity of social representation utilized by
The immigration story of the United States includes groups of individuals from many different countries, one such group was that of the U.S.’s southern neighbor Mexico. In the book, Becoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945, George J. Sánchez writes about the Mexican immigrants’ experience migrating to California and settling there, particularly in the Los Angeles area. Sánchez argues that many Mexican immigrants felt “betwixt and between” their homeland and the United States, and his book examines the forces pulling them in both directions. On the one side, Americans wanted the Mexicans in the