Methyl 3-Nitrobenzoate Lab Report

The product was then suspended in 2 ml of water with a stir rod in a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask and heated to boiling. Water was added in one milliliter increments until all the product was dissolved (18 ml added total). The saturated solution was allowed to slowly cool, and gradual white crystal formation was observed. Recrystallized product was collected once more by suction filtration with the Hirsch funnel once crystallization ceased. Collected product dried on a watch glass for a week, weighed 0.14 g (1.2 mmol), and the melting point was 139°-141°

The outer membrane in the cyanobacterium cell (Phormidium uncinatum) is the structure that makes the cell gram negative. On the other hand, the characteristic that makes the cell gram positive is the thick peptidoglycan layer.

The $TM$ is composed of three different layers, namely the uveal meshwork, the corneoscleral meshwork and the juxtacanalicular meshwork ($JCT$). As intercelular areas are considerable, the uveal meshwork does not present much resistance to $AH$ outflow. The second layer presents lamellae covered by endothelium-like cells, their intracellular spaces are narrovwer and thus, increase the flow resistance. The juxtacanalicular meshwork is an irregular tissue and is the major cause of resistance to flow. It lies directly the inner wall of endothelial cells from the $SC$ \cite{llobet2003understanding}.

In this lab we will be studying electric field plotting through the use of various apparatus. The equipment we will be using includes a digital voltmeter, voltage probes, carbonized acetate sheets, battery, and other tools of measurement. The goal of the lab is for us is to be able to plot lines for charge distributions and to create electric field lines by providing an electric current through carbonized sheets. Once we have completed constructing the electric field lines for the plate charge distribution, we will continue to calculate for the electric field (E = Vx) and begin to plot for the dipole charge distribution. When we have collected all the data needed, we then will finish calculating for all the remaining variables and complete the rest of the lab report.

If Na undergoes a chemical reaction with Cl, and if K undergoes a chemical reaction with I, what can you say about all the elements that belong to these 2 different families (families from questions 3 and 4)?

From the Client VM, clear Internet Explorer’s cache (or completely close and reopen IE) and go to http://10.0.0.1 What do you notice? Record your observations. These observations will help you with your lab report. The web page does not load stating “Internet cannot display the web page.”

The human sense of touch is known as the somatic or somatosensory system. The skin is the biggest and most complex organ in the somatosensory system.The somatosensory system permits the human body to experience pressure, texture, temperature, and pain, and to see the position and development of the body's muscles and joints.The receptor cells in the skin can be separated into three useful classifications: mechanoreceptors that sense pressure and surface, thermoreceptors that sense temperature, and nociceptors that sense pain. Thermoreceptors distinguish changes in temperature utilizing two sorts of receptor cells: warm and cold. Thus, thermoreceptors on the skin detects the temperature signal using two specific receptors cell: warm and cold.

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Through the use of the Grignard reaction, a carbon-carbon bond was formed, thereby resulting in the formation of triphenylmethanol from phenyl magnesium bromide and benzophenone. A recrystallization was performed to purify the Grignard product by dissolving the product in methanol. From here, a melting point range of 147.0 °C to 150.8 °C was obtained. The purified product yielded an IR spectrum with major peaks of 3471.82 cm-1, 3060.90 cm-1, 1597.38 cm-1, and 1489.64 cm-1, which helped to testify whether the identity of the product matched the expected triphenylmethanol. The identity of the product being correct was further confirmed by way of both proton and carbon-13 NMR spectra. This is due to the fact

Dispense .5 mL water into the already weighed conical vial, replace cap and face insert on its down side.

Abstract: This procedure demonstrates the nitration of methyl benzoate to prepare methyl m-nitrobenzoate. Methyl benzoate was treated with concentrated Nitric and Sulfuric acid to yield methyl m-nitrobenzoate. The product was then isolated and recrystallized using methanol. This reaction is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, in which the nitro group replaces a proton of the aromatic ring. Following recrystallization, melting point and infrared were used to identify and characterize the product of the reaction.

5) Before the solution is shaken, the DCM layer contains both the benzoic acid and benzophenone. This can be found on the left lane of the TLC which shows two locations of spotting. After the DCM and the aqueous NaHCO3 layer mix, there is only one compound found on the TLC plate’s right lane. Benzophenone is the compound presented on the TLC plate because it is a less polar substance than benzoic acid, which is why it has moved further up the plate than benzoic acid would have. The benzoic acid diffused from the DCM to the aqueous layer, which is why it was not observed on the plate.

The solution was placed into a separation funnel, in which the top and bottom layers were slowly filtered out into two different beakers. The bottom layer solution was heated until the ethyl acetate evaporated and only the organic compound remained. Next, a TLC technique was prepared employing silica gel as the stationary phase and 1:1 ethyl acetate hexane as the mobile phase. In order to develop a standard, a TLC plate was spotted with benzoic acid (BA), benzophenone (BZ), biphenyl (BI), and a mixture off the three. After incubating the plate in the chamber with the mobile phase, it was analyzed under a UV light.

People are exposed to toxic chemicals on a daily basis; these substances can affect human health. Although they are more regulated than they were in the past, there is still a risk of disease. An example of a toxicant that causes disease is nitrobenzene. Nitrobenzene is known to cause methemoglobinemia when inhaled, ingested, or when it comes into contact with the skin. The most famous cases of methemoglobinemia were the Fugates family, who were famous for their blue skin. The Fugates family had hereditary methemoglobinemia, with is even rarer than acquired methemoglobinemia (Greenberg, 2013). The most common reason for methemoglobinemia is through toxicant exposure. The people

Samples of benzophenone, malonic acid, and biphenyl were each tested with water, methyl alcohol, and hexane. Benzophenone was insoluble in water as it is nonpolar while water is highly polar. Benzophenone was soluble in methyl alcohol, dissolving in 15 seconds, because methyl alcohol is intermediately polar as benzophenone is nonpolar. Methyl alcohol is polar but not as much as water. Thus, the nonpolar benzophenone was soluble in methyl alcohol. Benzophenone was partially soluble in hexane because hexane is nonpolar as is benzophenone. Thus, benzophenone was dissolved in hexane. Malonic acid was soluble in water because both malonic acid and water are polar. It took 25 seconds for malonic acid to dissolve in water. Malonic acid was soluble in methyl alcohol because malonic acid is polar and methyl alcohol is intermediately polar, allowing malonic acid to dissolve in the methanol in 15 seconds. Malonic acid was insoluble in hexane because hexane is nonpolar while malonic acid is polar. Biphenyl was insoluble in water as water is highly polar whilst biphenyl is nonpolar. Biphenyl was partially soluble in methanol which is intermediately polar whilst biphenyl is nonpolar, allowing it to dissolve a little. Biphenyl was soluble in hexane because both biphenyl and hexane are nonpolar molecules. Biphenyl dissolved in hexane in 10 seconds.