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Juxtaposition In Flowers For Algernon

Decent Essays

Introduction
Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keyes directly addresses mental disabilities and their treatment during the mid 1900s. The introduces Charlie Gordon, a mentally retarded, 30-something year old man who attempts to heighten his IQ. Instead of utilizing safe methods to help the mentally disabled, a surgical cure was always sought. Through employing a journal format Daniel Keyes is able to show Charlie’s state of mind before, during and after the medical procedure. The structure of the book provides insight on the difference of how Charlie views his treatment and how those around him view his treatment. The juxtaposition between the two allows for the reader to relate to the mockery and humiliation mentally ill people faced during this time. Keyes employs motifs to truly display Charlie’s mental development and deterioration. Motifs, however, are not themes. Motifs are recurring ideas, images or subjects as opposed to a themes which are "the underlying dominant ideas in every written piece" (“The Difference Between Motif And Theme”, 2016). Motifs present in Flowers for Algernon include love, and memory. Keyes’ utilization of such motifs enables the depiction of maltreatment of the mentally disabled as well as the understanding the phases of development and deterioration of Charlie Gordon .
Memory as a Motif
At the beginning of the novel, before his “intelligence-enhancement” procedure, patronization and abuse were dominant in Charlie’s life. The importance of memory as a motif is apparent in Charlie before the procedure. He was not able to differentiate between friend and foe. Charlie’s uncle was able to use his connections to get him a janitorial job at a bakery. The bakery in which Charlie worked at is vital because a majority of pre-procedure Charlie’s memory were held there. The Charlie who had a very low IQ connected the jokes told about him at the bakery as sign of friend, when in reality it was a sign of foe. His was unable to distinguish between laughing with him and laughing at him. For example, when someone said “he really pulled a Charlie Gordon” (Keyes, 23), it is not apparent to Charlie that he is being patronized. Instead, he sees this as a way of people showing friendship—something he

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