Manifestations Of Abuse: The Link Between Animal Cruelty, Domestic Violence and Child Abuse
Idiosyncratic acts of animal cruelty toward a family pet are rare. Most often, this type of behavior is part of a pattern that indicates comorbid problems are present in the family system (DeGue & DiLillo, 2009). Consequently, a large body of research has been dedicated to studying the components within these types of households (Ascione, 2001). Findings indicate that the abuse of animals and the abuse of children are linked and have a tendency to co-occur (McPhedran, 2008), especially in homes where children that are exposed to family violence (DeGue & DiLillo, 2009). This suggests that in settings where animals and children are present, it is likely that if one is being abused, so is the other (Trollinger, 2001). In the context of violent/abusive homes, this paper extends current research using adult and child perpetrators of animal cruelty to explain the link between animal cruelty, domestic violence and child abuse.
Literature Review
The realization of a link between domestic violence and the abuse of animals and children is not a revolutionary finding, as this relationship has been observed for many years (DeGue & DiLillo, 2009). In fact, their legislative histories are intertwined as our country’s statutes regarding child abuse and neglect were championed from animal abuse regulations (Becker & French, 2004). The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
It was not that long ago that what transpired at home was considered a secretive, a personal matter and was not looked at by the public. Within the last few years, there has been an rise in awareness of the importance of child abuse and negligence, spouse/partner mistreatment, and elder cruelty not only as serious societal problems but also as crimes. The PEACE Domestic Violence Agency was step up to help individuals break through the barriers.
Every 60 seconds an animal is abused. Dogs, cats, horses, and many other types of animals are being neglected and tortured everyday, yet resulting in few and minor consequences for the perpetrators. Animal abuse is prevalent in the United States and has been an ongoing issue since the 1970's, and prior to. Society as a whole has chosen to avoid the facts and arguments about animal cruelty, because to some it is seen as acceptable and typical. It becomes much more frowned upon when people actually see the results of the cruelty, especially in the media.
Siebert explains, “As a pet becomes an increasingly vital member of the family, the threat of violence to that pet becomes a strikingly powerful intimidating force for the abuser.” This connection establishes the point that animal cruelty is used as a way to authenticate authority and power in domestic settings – abusers manipulate the vitality of a family pet to threaten and constrain other family members. The author further comments, “Children who have witnessed such abuse or been victimized themselves frequently engage in what are known as ‘abuse reactive’ behaviors … re-enacting what has been done to them either with younger siblings or with pets.” The author wanted the reader to understand how witnesses and victims of abuse translate their experiences onto others, while filtering their compassion for a pet because they cannot manage the overwhelming empathy they feel when the pet is harmed. This supports the article’s main point that an individual may abuse an animal to exhibit their domestic or personal power, and witnesses of animal cruelty typically have less, if not no, instances of displaying
The people know about Michael Vick that he was the quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles and played for 13 seasons in the National Football League (But there is another story that Michael Vick has been involved in dog fights and went to prison for the actions that committed).That does not cover on what had happened to the dogs,Donna Reynold’s had said in details that the swimming pool was used for kill some of the dogs as she continues,the people did not know how many suffered the permitted murder,but the damage of pool walls tells a story. Michael Vick did not just put dogs to fight, but he would hang, drown, shoot, repeatedly slamming their head and spine into the ground
The American Humane Association, whom since 1877 has aimed to protect children, pets, and farm animals from abuse and neglect, also gives insight to the correlation between animal cruelty and domestic violence. According to them, 71% of women, who owned pets, entered women’s shelters reported that their abuser had either injured, maimed, killed, or threatened the family’s pets as an act of revenge or in order to control their victims psychologically. Also, 68% of
This study focuses on evaluating the potential causal relationship between animal cruelty and later violent offenses, as well as the factors that form the foundation of that potential relationship. This study served to further a good deal of past research, most notably the work done by MacDonald (1963), who introduced the threesome of fire setting, enuresis, and cruelty of animals as predictors of aggression. Although there has not been a good deal of research linking the first two aspects to future violence, much research has focused on the relationship between animal cruelty and aggression. However, the majority of these studies had limited causal application as a result of using either a cross-sectional design or being dependent upon participant reflection on events that occurred decades earlier. Thus, this study sought not only to determine whether a causal relationship existed, but also if factors such as age, sex, or race played a role in predicting aggressive behavior. The researchers presented four hypotheses. First, they predicted that animal cruelty would predict aggressive offenses after controlling for age, sex, race, and early onset of behavior problems. The second hypothesis held that violence against animals would serve as a stronger predictor of aggressive offenses than of non-aggressive offenses. In their third hypothesis, researchers predicted that sex would serve as a moderator variable in the relationship between animal cruelty and aggressive offending.
What is animal abuse? For starters, animal abuse is when a person inflicts suffering or harm on any animal. Most people, all over the world own an animal; but there are still far more animals left out on the street. Homeless animals are either left out on the streets or are “thrown” into shelters. This became a problem because not all animals are domesticated. Animal shelters began as pounds. “When the system began to be used to impound wandering dogs and cats, these animals were often killed because little monetary value was placed on them” (Lila Miller, Animal sheltering in the United States: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow, 1) . This issue persists because shelter workers and others truly believe that an animal life has no value, but that is not true; animals are living beings just like humans with brains, hearts, and bones. A reported case was that “authorities had seized 23 puppies, 11 cats, and four adult dogs from a self-processed animal “rescue” after they were found in the “rescuer’s” filthy home.” (‘No-Kill’ Label Slowly Killing Animals, 3). This means that an unauthorized person hoarded many animals and forced the animals into an unsafe “shelter”. The shelter being a dirty home.
1. ATTENTION GETTER: Millions of animals are abused each year. Over a million of these animals are abused or killed just due to the involvement with domestic violence. Despite animal cruelty being a felony which can result in jail time for over 15 years and 500,000 dollars in fines, it is still an issue which occurs on a daily basis across the United States. It is important for these animals to not go unnoticed, which can be achieved if society became more enlightened and educated on the topic of animal cruelty. (Pacelle, 2011).
Explanation: When people in their childhood and adolescence abuse animal they are related to family violence.
Animal cruelty and the link to deviant criminal behavior. A few weeks ago I sat down to Sunday dinner with my mother and my uncles the complaint this evening was about ‘all the money being spend on state of the art ASPCA building in Tucson Arizona.’ The consensus was it a waste of money that could be spend on repairing roads or building more prisons. I mentioned the expansion is to accommodate and increased unit to investigate animal cruelty cases. I believe it’s a short transition from abusing or torturing animals to people. Often behavior analysts list animal cruelty for signs on a developing serial killer and others with deviant criminal behavior. People dismiss atypical behavior too often as “child’s play” and if a more active involvement
Studies on pet abuse and woman-battering have consistently demonstrated the central role of gender, power, and control in male violence toward both women and animals.1-4, 6-10, 14, 15 When a batterer also harms the family pet, it exposes the blatant intentionality of his efforts to control his partner. No longer can he claim that he “just lost control.”
We are living in the world that everybody tries to have a better life. We try to have the comfortable and convenient life for us. We are watching the circus and using them as the therapy to release stress and depress. However, we don’t know the fact that in order to make the circus become more complete, they have to take away many animal’s freedom. All those things is an example of animal abuse. Animal abuse is the term that describes all the harmful acts toward animals which are harmed by people either by intentional or unintentional. Other than our general understanding of animal abuse, we will go through types of animal abuse, why human should care about it, and what should we do.
Each year, the most extreme cases of animal abuse receive media attention. Yet, the animal cruelty problem is more widespread than is reported in the media. Animal abuse and neglect is a nationwide issue, affecting thousands of animals nationwide. Cruelty to animals is defined as the infliction of physical pain, suffering or death on an animal, beyond what is necessary. There is a need to stop abusers from acting in such a horrific manner–preventing the neglect and suffering of the animals. What causes animal abusers to act in such a cruel way towards animals? How are cases of animal abuse being managed, and how should cases be handled? Finally, does the status of animals in society contribute to the rate of their abuse?
Many people do believe that animal abuse is a problem within society that should be monitored, but granting animal rights is an effective way to diminish physical abuse. In fact, “Animal abuse is one of the most reliable indicators of domestic violence and abuse of children” (Akhtar). Individuals who practice animal abuse are usually associated with similar types of abuse towards other individuals within their life. By passing laws that would grant animals rights and protect them against abuse, America would also be targeting individuals who habit domestic violence towards their wife and
We can learn a lot about a society and its future by the manner in which their children behave. There are severe consequences of animal abuse when enacted or witnessed by children (Ascione & Arkow 1999). After reviewing much contradicting literature and conducting several studies with violent criminals, researchers Christopher Hensley, Suzanne E. Tallichet, and Erik L. Dutkiewicz found that most offenders used more atrocious acts of maltreatment as children that called for intimate physical interactions with the animals (Hensley, Tallichet, & Dutkiewicz 2011). We must be cautious of what children are replicating from not only their families, but from the society around them because this is how animal cruelty in countries such as Romania, is