Liver Cancer
Liver cancer is an abnormal growth of cells (tumor) in the liver that is cancerous (malignant). The liver is located on the upper right side of the abdomen, just below the ribs. It is the largest organ in the body. The liver:
• Breaks down and stores nutrients, such as sugar and iron.
• Makes the parts of your blood that help your blood clot and prevent excessive bleeding.
• Cleans (filters) alcohol, drugs and harmful substances out of the blood.
• Helps absorb fats and other nutrients.
CAUSES
The exact cause of this condition is not known.
RISK FACTORS
This condition is more likely to develop in:
• Males.
• Asian American and Pacific Islanders.
• People with scarring of the liver (cirrhosis). Cirrhosis may
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• Smoking.
• People with certain liver diseases, such as Wilson disease.
• People with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
• People with diabetes.
• People who are overweight.
• People who are exposed to aflatoxins. These are substances made be certain types of mold that grow on food products, such as corn and peanuts.
• People who are exposed to Vinyl chloride. This chemical is used to make certain plastics.
• People who use anabolic steroids. This is a hormone that is used to increase muscle mass.
• People who drink water that has been contaminated with arsenic.
• People who have a disease called schistosomiasis.
SYMPTOMS
This condition often causes few or no symptoms in the beginning. As the cancer grows, symptoms may include:
• Weight loss without dieting.
• Loss of appetite.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Feeling itchy.
• A hard lump or mass under your ribs.
• Abnormal bruising or bleeding.
• Feeling very weak and tired.
• Pain on the right side of your abdomen, shoulder blade, or back.
• Feeling full after eating a small amount.
• Abdominal bloating.
• Fever.
• Skin or eyes that look yellow in color (jaundice).
• Dark-colored
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DIAGNOSIS
This condition is diagnosed with a medical history and physical exam. You may also have tests, including:
• Blood tests.
• Imaging tests, such as a:
○ CT scan.
○ MRI.
○ Ultrasound.
○ Angiogram. This is a type of x-ray that uses dye.
○ Bone scan.
• Laparoscopy. This is when your health care provider uses a small, lighted camera (laparoscope) to look at your liver and other organs.
• Examination of a tissue sample (biopsy) from your liver.
If liver cancer is confirmed, it will be staged to determine its severity and extent. Staging is an assessment of:
• The size of the tumor.
• If the cancer has spread.
• Where the cancer has spread.
TREATMENT
Treatment for liver cancer depends on the type and stage of the cancer, how well your liver is working, and your overall health. Treatment may include one or more of the following:
• Surgery to remove as much of the cancer as possible. Sometimes the whole liver is removed and replaced with a healthy liver (liver transplant).
• Chemotherapy. This uses medicines to kill the cancer cells.
• Targeted therapy. This treatment targets specific parts of cancer cells and the area around them to block the growth and spread of the
is done for this type of tumor is to treat the symptoms and palliative care of the
This condition is diagnosed based on your medical history and symptoms as well as a physical exam. You will also have tests, including:
Several tests can be run once symptoms are noticed to earmark the disease with a proper diagnosis. Some of the tests include; a biopsy of the tumor, X-rays, a CT scan, a skeletal survey, bone scans or bone marrow aspiration (fluid sample) and biopsy (tissue sample). Once diagnosed, the treatments begin to hinder any advancement the cancer would or could make. Possibly removing the cancer completely through surgery is a possibility, while others include chemotherapy, radiation treatment, and bone marrow transplantation. Many times these treatments can be used concurrently with one another.
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Propelled malignancy is growth that has spread to far off parts of your body. This can incorporate your liver, brain or bones. Treatment relies on upon your general wellbeing and how best in class the growth is. It might be conceivable to hold the tumor under control by surgery or chemotherapy. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can both help control side effects by contracting a disease with the goal that it doesn't bring about weight and torment and moderates its development. This is called palliative treatment.
There is no cure for multiple myeloma. Treatment options may vary depending on how much the disease has advanced. Possible treatment options may include:
- Biological therapy: this treatment uses you immune system to fight the cancer - Chemotherapy: this is drugs that kill the cancer cells that grow abnormally quick. - Corticosteroids: this treatment is used to regulate your immune system in order to control any inflammation to your body. - Stem cell transplantation: this is a procedure to replace the bone marrow containing the disease with healthy bone marrow. - Radiation therapy: this treatment damages the cancer cells by using beams on energy that stop the cancer cells growth. Diagnosis Diagnostic test can be performed on specimens of blood, urine, bone and bone marrow to establish if there is confirmation of major or minor criteria.
Because the liver is regenerative, up to 75 percent of the liver can be safely removed to eliminate the tumor while still preserving function. The cat will be placed under general anesthesia during the surgery. An incision will be made in the abdomen, the tumor will be removed along with a portion of the liver. The incision will then be closed with sutures. Surgery is normally successful, even for large tumors, when the tumor hasn't spread beyond the liver.
Liver cancer usually does not have any symptoms in its early stages and can be difficult to detect. Nevertheless, liver cancer can be detected by imaging tests. Some of the tests used to diagnose liver cancer are Ultrasound, Computed tomography (CT scan), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI scan), Biopsy and Laparoscopy. Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves to generate a picture of the body and is used to show any abnormal growths in the liver. The CT scan is an x-ray test that produces detailed images of the body. This test can be very useful in precisely identifying liver tumors. The MRI also creates detailed images, but uses radio waves and
Several methods such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have been used to treat cancers. The cancer patients who are not helped
First, What is cancer? Cancer is a medical term for the unnatural cells. These cells grow faster than the normal ones, and at the same time, it kills other normal cells that are located in the same area. Liver Cancer has two types: Noncancerous and Metastasize. So as we mentioned, the Noncancerous such as Hepatic adenoma, Focal Nodular Hyperplasia and Leiomyoma. These are called benign tumors, which means that they do not turn into cancer. These benign tumors do not need to be removed by surgical intervention, except if it starts causing pain, bleeding, or physical disorder. On the other hand, there is the Primary Liver Cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) that starts flowing in the patient's liver by a lot of reasons. But the most common ones
* Chemotherapy: Using special medicines or drugs to shrink or kill the cancer, Drugs include pills or IV. (Maybe both)
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