Liam is 9 years old and in grade 4 and he has met the criteria for a diagnosis of a language disorder as well as a specific learning disorder causing impairments in reading, written expression and mathematics. Due to his diagnosis, his exceptionalities can create challenges in many areas of Liam’s life including psychological processing, academic performance as well as social, emotional and behavioral skills. In addition to challenges, his exceptionalities have strengths, which can be used within the case. Overall, the core features of his exceptionalities will affect the case study. In regards to the language disorder, it has caused many challenges for Liam throughout his life. Overall, Liam has delays in the development of both his receptive …show more content…
This will affect the accommodation and instructional strategies taken within the case. Some of the learning disability challenges may be caused by the language disorder and his struggle to efficiently process what he hears or reads. Similarly, his lack of attention to lessons may be related to language disability and his lack of understanding as much as the learning disability. His impairments in reading and written expression may be related to the specific learning disability as diagnosed, but it may be also related to the language disorder and his delays in receptive and expressive language skills. This overlap in challenges caused by both exceptionalities will affect the instructional strategies and accommodations used within the case. It may make it more challenging to decide which strategy would give better improvement results in regards to Liam’s processing as different accommodations and strategies work well for different exceptionalities. It will be challenging to find accommodations and strategies that work effectively for both of Liam’s …show more content…
This means using “simple, short sentences when giving instructions or explaining complex, multi-faceted concepts (Module 8d).” Since Liam has very limited vocabulary, using simple sentences when talking to Liam will help stay within his vocabulary range. As well, Liam has strong reasoning skills when working with concrete, visual materials, therefore using “visual prompts to support verbal expression (Module 8d),” would be very supportive for Liam’s learning. Similarly, making concepts and vocabulary concrete would be beneficial to improving challenges resulted from the language disorder. The best instructional strategy for Liam’s learning disability will be creating developmental changes in instructional goals. Since Liam is in a junior elementary grade, that means “remediate and compensate academic skills (Module 5a).” “Using intensive instruction in compensatory strategies, such as the use of computer word processors and adaptive technology (Module 5a),” will support reading and writing skills, which are some of Liam’s areas of
Based on the assessments, the Developmental Assessment of Young Children (DAYC-2) and the Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills Revised (ABLLS-R), administered by the ASIP team in August 2015, Robert’s results reveal deficits within all developmental domains (i.e. Cognition, Communication, Social-Emotional, Physical Development and Adaptive Behavior). Furthermore, the DAYC-2 revealed that Robert functioned at the age of 9-21 months on all developmental domains. The ABLLS-R’s results revealed
Ja'mari is a 3rd grade student attending Lake Forest Elementary Schools of the Art and Sciences. He participates with non-disabled peers in an inclusion classroom for the majority of the day. He is a very sweet and kind student who is willing to work on any task that is given to him. Although Ja'mari is willing to work on any task,he struggles to be confident and social with his peers and adults. He requires prompting, verbal encouragement, one on one support, task adaptations to complete assigned task. According to his recent I-ready results, Ja'mari overall scale scores increased from 404 to 449. He made a 44 point gain. He is making tremendous progress. His strength is in Phonological Awareness. He tested out. Ja'mari has demonstrated the
Learning disabilities are defined as the inability to process information and the inability to communicate effectively. This can cause problems during the child’s years in school. It is often characterized by as having a below average intellectual functioning level as well as below average adaptational skills.
Speech, language and communication difficulties can have a profound and lasting effect on children’s lives and development. These can affect their ability to communicate and interact with others. The impact of these difficulties will vary depending on the severity of the problems, the support they receive, the demands of the child’s environment
Jennifer has a history of difficulty with early reading skill milestones. She had difficulty learning the letters of the alphabet in kindergarten as well as trouble with initial sounds, sight vocabulary and rhyming. Her overall language development was
The mother explained she cannot read or write in the English Language, but her son’s older siblings can and try to help the younger sibling. The two older siblings have been very successful throughout their educational experience and have not struggled as the younger. She stated that her son as no desire to read at home, and completing homework is an everyday struggle with him. This student is in Tier 3 of the Response to Intervention (Mesmer & Mesmer, 2008) process, and has been referred for testing for special education services.
Ms. Foster teaches a self-contained classroom of ninth to twelfth graders. Her students have mild to moderate cognitive disabilities and one student is considered autistic although at a high functioning level. Ms. Foster’s students move to other settings throughout the day, but they receive reading and writing instruction from her. She has one child who is considered ESOL but he has been in the US since he was small and does not appear to have problems with English.
Given the varying methods used to determine the presence of a specific learning disability, what conclusions might the team draw from the Response to Intervention description and the
The two options for identifying students with disabilities are RTI model and the IQ-Achievement discrepancy model. The RTI model is a multi-tiered approach to identifying students with disabilities. With this approach the amount of students who are identified as having a learning disability has decreased because of the support students receive at different tiers and it eliminates inadequate instruction as the reason for reading problems. Universal screening and high quality teaching is done for all students. Students who show that they need additional help receive tier 1 services where frequency and intensity increases. Students are monitored and receive research based instruction in the general education classroom. Some students may still struggle and have to receive more intensive and frequent service. Those students will receive supplemental support from an educational professional. Tier 3 services are provided to students who still struggle and need even more intensive service. Students may also qualify for special education services. The IQ-Achievement discrepancy model is used to determine if a disability is present. Standardized tests are used to eliminate low intellectual ablity as a determining cause for reading problems. With this model, a professional assess whether there is a discrepancy between a student’s scores on an iq test and scores obtained from areas
Speech and language disorders, as with any learning disability, can cause embarrassment and social hindrance for students along with the educational setbacks. Unfortunately there is yet to be a cure discovered, but luckily there are many ways in which individuals with learning disabilities can seek treatment and aide. For example a child could receive therapy from a speech pathologist to help them articulate more clearly. There is also assistive technology available for all types of disorders. Assistive technology can help motivate students to overcome the barriers in learning that they face by compensating in the area that they lack. When choosing which type of device that a student should use, it is very important that it is one that will accommodate to the specific disability of the student (Fleming, 1999). For individuals with speech and language disorders, either an electronic communication device or a personal FM listening system would be appropriate. An electronic communication device allows one to type their ideas into a machine so they
Growing, developing and learning are the facts of life for all children. Each day children are faced with many new concepts and various challenges. Can you imagine how it feels for a child to face not only new challenges life has, but to face these challenges while living with a learning disability? These challenges are met not just when they begin school either. Students suffer from learning disabilities from the moment they begin learning, not when they start school. Learning disabilities are real and they affect millions of people. “One such disability that affects over approximately 15 percent of the total American population is dyslexia” ( Nosek 5).
(5 Common Myths about Dysgraphia). While dysgraphia and dyslexia both affect language skills, they are two different disorders; dyslexia affects the ability to process observed language, such as in writing or speech, while dysgraphia affects the ability to write, organize thoughts, or use language for one’s own expression (Griffin). Dysgraphia is a disorder that affects people with it lifelong (5 Common Myths about Dysgraphia). This is evidenced by the aforementioned, particular symptoms of affected peoples of varying age groups. Even though there is no cure for dysgraphia, there are means of coping and accommodations available for those who request them. In coping, what may appear as laziness in sufferers, such as slowness in writing, avoidance, and feelings of discouragement, are actually effects of dysgraphia itself (5 Common Myths about Dysgraphia). Due to the often decreased pace in writing, one may feel behind or inadequate when comparing themselves to their peers, and as a defense mechanism, avoid writing as much as possible. When a person is disabled in a particular cognitive function, its performance will require extra labor and time to accomplish the same tasks as their normally-abled counterparts if at all
Learning disabilities are a life long struggle but if caught at a young age and early intervention takes place. The stress on the child and family is greatly reduced. Learning disabilities spread to every part of a child’s life affecting them socially. Teachers must remain professional and refrain from calling students lazy as in Adams case. A good teacher or specialist can demystify a learning disability and help a child’s
There are many different types of learning disabilities; the most common ones are dyslexia and attention deficit disorder. (Jerome Rosner. –third ed. 1)
In an attempt to explain the level of Kelly’s disability, an in-depth explanation of the various levels of learning disabilities will now be examined. These can be grouped into four categories; Mild, Moderate, Severe and Profound.